[Histological changes of the prostate and acute urinary retention in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the roles of prostatic infarction, prostatic inflammation and the type of prostatic hyperplasia in acute urinary retention (AUR) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 102 cases of BPH, 49 complicated by AUR and the other 53 without AUR. We compared the incidences of prostatic infarction and prostatic inflammation, the types of prostatic hyperplasia, the patients' age, the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA), the prostate volume, and international prostate symptom score (IPSS) between the AUR and non-AUR groups. RESULTS: The PSA level was significantly increased in the AUR group as compared with the non-AUR group (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the mean age, prostate volume and IPSS (P > 0.05). The type of prostatic hyperplasia showed no correlation with AUR. The incidence rate of AUR was 5.620 and 2.326 times higher in the BPH patients with prostatic infarction and prostatic inflammation respectively than in those without (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Prostatic infarction and prostatic inflammation are important risk factors of AUR in BPH patients.

[Clinical value of aneusomy of chromosomes in exfoliated urothelial cells to predict the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer after complete transurethral resection].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the chromosomal karyotype aberrations of exfoliated urothelial cells in superficial bladder cancer patients and the correlation thereof to recurrence of carcinoma. METHODS: Voided urine samples were collected from 42 patients with pathologically confirmed recurrent bladder cancer and 24 bladder cancer patients without pathologically confirmed recurrence, all of which had undergone complete transurethral resection and had been followed up for more than 3 years. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used with Spectrum Green to label the chromosome 7 and Spectrum Red to label the chromosome 17 of the exfoliated urothelial cells. RESULTS: The aneuploidy rates of chromosomes 7 and 17 were 48.5% (32/66) and 50.0% (33/66) respectively, and the co-aneuploidy rate of chromosomes 7 and 17 was 25.8% (17/66). In the patients with G(2/3) superficial bladder cancer, the aneuploidy rate of chromosomes 17 of those with recurrence was 64.3%, significantly higher than that of patients without recurrence (22.2%, P < 0.05). However, there were not significant differences in the aneuploidy rates of chromosomes 7 and 17 in the pT(a) and pT(1) superficial bladder cancer patients with or without recurrence (all P > 0.05), however, the co-aneuploidy rate of chromosomes 7 and 17 of the patients with recurrence was 47.8%, significantly higher than that of the patients without recurrence (12.5%, P < 0.05). Fourteen of the 42 patients with recurrence showed progression, i.e., with increased grade or stage (>/= pT(2)). The aneuploidy rates of chromosomes 7 and 17 of these 14 patients were 78.6% and 92.9% respectively, both significantly higher than those of the 28 patients without progression (42.9% and 46.4% respectively, both P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Abnormality in the chromosomes in exfoliated urothelial cells of superficial bladder cancer patients using FISH technique helps predict recurrence and progression of the cancer.

[PI-3K and p38MAPK pathways upregulate the epidermal growth factor induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in PC-3 cells].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of PI-3K and p38MAPK signal pathways on the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression induced by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) in PC-3 cells. METHODS: PC-3 cell proliferation was detected by methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay after stimulated by EGF (0 microg/L), EGF (10 microg/L), EGF (10 microg/L) + LY294002 (20 micromol/L) and EGF (10 microg/L) + SC203580 (20 micromol/L), and so was the COX-2 expression in the PC-3 cells by RT-PCR and Western blot assay after stimulated the same way for 24 hours. ELISA was used to determine the changes of PGE2 in the culture medium. RESULTS: LY294002 and SC203580 signficantly inhibited PC-3 cell proliferation (P < 0.05), COX-2 expression and PGE2 production after EGF stimulation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: EGF can stimulate PC-3 cells into proliferation and induce COX-2 mRNA and the upregulation of its protein expression, while LY294002 and SC203580 can inhibit EGF from the above effects on PC-3 cells.