ABSTRACT
Sensorineural deafness in two infants: a novel feature in the 22q distal duplication syndrome. cardinal signs in trisomies 22 subtypes: Distal trisomy 22 has been described in more than 15 individuals. The features are severe mental and growth retardation, failure to thrive, congenital hypotonia, hydrocephalus, microcephaly, cleft palate, epicanthic folds, low-set ears, broad prominent nasal bridge, long philtrum, micrognathia, finger-like thumbs, cryptorchidism. We describe a girl deceased at the age of 12 years and an 11 year old boy, both with a duplication of distal 22q due to a parental pericentric inversion (22) (p13q12). Their phenotypes are compatible with distal trisomy of chromosome 22. However, they did not present cleft palate, but the survival of both patients permitted us to discover sensorineural deafness not previously reported in this chromosomal duplication.
Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/genetics , Trisomy , Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Trisomy/geneticsSubject(s)
Face/abnormalities , Schizophrenia , Abnormalities, Multiple , Adult , Anthropometry , Humans , Male , Pilot ProjectsABSTRACT
We describe a female child with a ring chromosome 3, found after investigation for short stature. Her karyotype was 46,XX,r(3)(p26-q29). Her phenotype mainly differs from that of the nine patients previously reported with ring chromosome 3, by the presence of hypoplastic right thumb and bilateral coloboma of the iris.
Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 , Coloboma/genetics , Iris Diseases/genetics , Ring Chromosomes , Thumb/abnormalities , Child , Female , Humans , Karyotyping , MaleABSTRACT
Se estudió a un niño de 19 meses de edad con un cuadro clínico sugestivo de gangliosidosis GM2: facies peculiar, retardo psicomotor severo, espasticidad generalizada, crisis convulsivas tónicas, macrocefalia, pérdida de la función visual y auditiva, reflejos osteotendinosos exaltados y primer dedo de ambos pies en flexión sostenida; manchas rojo cereza en fondo de ojo y atrofia cerebral demostrada por EEG y TAC. Mediante cromatografía de capa fina se identificaron oligosacáridos en diferentes muestras de orina con un patrón cromatográfico característico. La actividad de las hexosaminidasas A y B en el paciente y sus padre fueron compatibles con homocigocidad y heterocigocidad respectivamente, para la deficiencia de ambas enzimas. Estos resultados permitieron precisar el diagnóstico de gangliosidosis GM2 tipo 2 (Enfermedad de Sandhoff). Se señala la importancia de la identificación de la oligosacariduria
Subject(s)
Infant , Humans , Male , Sandhoff Disease/diagnosis , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Sandhoff Disease/genetics , Electroencephalography , Hexosaminidases/deficiency , Oligosaccharides/urineABSTRACT
A 16 year-old boy with monosomy 20p was studied. The clinical and radiological data compared with those from the three previously reported cases, permit the delineation of a distinct syndrome of low birthweight, flat face, low nasal bridge, long philtrum, short neck, small overfolded ears, chest deformity, kyphoscoliosis, congenital heart defect, hypoplastic or absent ribs and rachischisis (butterfly-shaped vertebral bodies). The critical chromosome segment causing this syndrome is tentatively defined as 20p13.
Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics , Chromosome Deletion , Chromosomes, Human, 19-20 , Monosomy , Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Cervical Vertebrae/abnormalities , Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics , Humans , Male , Radiography , Ribs/abnormalitiesABSTRACT
A 4 4/12 year-old girl with a peculiar phenotype due to a 46,XX/46,XX, dir dup(7)(p1300----p2200) karyotype is described. The comparison with about ten similar cases permitted a better delineation of the 7p trisomy syndrome and the assignment of the band 7p21 as the critical one. Mechanisms for the origin of homogeneous and mosaic duplications, including one model based on a meiotic half chromatid duplication, are discussed.