ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introdution: In many medical schools, it is evident that learning of general pathology is deficient, mainly due to the disinterest in knowledge not directly related to professional practice and the lack of pedagogical resources that motivate learning. Blended learning (BL) is an active method of hybrid teaching that uses different technological resources, promoting greater dynamism and integration of students. Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate, from the perspective of the students of the medical course of Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), the motivation and the capacity to contextualize provided by the employment of BL to the teaching of general pathology. Material and method: The BL sessions were performed during the applied in-class activities of pathology in the period from October 6 to 31, 2014, in the Neoplasms Module, with the second-year students of the medicine course at PUC-SP. Results: Most of the students showed acceptance of the method, greater motivation and ability to contextualize the pathological processes. Conclusion: The use of BL can provide students with greater contextualization of pathology in medical practice, contributing to a more meaningful learning.
RESUMO Introdução: Atualmente, em muitas escolas médicas, percebe-se que o aprendizado de patologia geral é deficiente, principalmente em decorrência do desinteresse pelos conhecimentos não diretamente relacionados com a prática profissional e da falta de recursos pedagógicos que motivem a aprendizagem. O blended learning (BL) é uma metodologia ativa de ensino híbrido que utiliza diferentes recursos tecnológicos, promovendo maior dinamismo e integração dos estudantes. Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar, sob a ótica dos estudantes do curso de medicina da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), a motivação e a capacidade de contextualização proporcionada pela associação do BL ao ensino de patologia geral. Material e método: As sessões de BL foram realizadas durante as sustentações aplicadas de patologia no período de 6 a 31 de outubro de 2014, no Módulo de Neoplasias, com os alunos do segundo ano do curso de medicina da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde da PUC-SP. Resultados: A maioria dos discentes mostrou aceitação ao método, maior motivação e capacidade de contextualizar os processos patológicos. Conclusão: O uso de BL pode proporcionar aos alunos maior contextualização da patologia na prática médica, contribuindo para um aprendizado mais significativo.
ABSTRACT
Several materials are commercially available as substitutes for skin. However, new strategies are needed to improve the treatment of skin wounds. In this study, we developed and characterized a new device consisting of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and collagen associated with mesenchymal stem cells derived from human adipose tissue. To develop the bilaminar device, we initially obtained a membrane of PLGA by dissolving the copolymer in chloroform and then produced a collagen type I scaffold by freeze-drying. The materials were characterized physically by gel permeation chromatography, scanning electron microscopy, and mass loss. Biological activity was assessed by cell proliferation assay. A preliminary study in vivo was performed with a pig model in which tissue regeneration was assessed macroscopically and histologically, the commercial device Integra being used as a control. The PLGA/collagen bilaminar material was porous, hydrolytically degradable, and compatible with skin growth. The polymer complex allowed cell adhesion and proliferation, making it a potentially useful cell carrier. In addition, the transparency of the material allowed monitoring of the lesion when the dressings were changed. Xenogeneic mesenchymal cells cultured on the device (PLGA/collagen/ASC) showed a reduced granulomatous reaction to bovine collagen, down-regulation of α-SMA, enhancement in the number of neoformed blood vessels, and collagen organization as compared with normal skin; the device was superior to other materials tested (PLGA/collagen and Integra) in its ability to stimulate the formation of new cutaneous tissue.
