ABSTRACT
Introduction: Because of the social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of health services and the participation in social activities of cancer patients have been reduced, which can have a direct impact on their health. Objective: To identify the repercussions on the cancer treatment, participation in social activities and emotional state of cancer patients in Brazil during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire for cancer patients. A non-probability sample was recruited by convenience. Sociodemographic and clinical data, physical activity levels and emotional state (DASS-21) during the pandemic were collected. Quantitative data were analyzed and the significance level set at 95% (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 105 individuals participated in the study. Results indicated that younger participants were more stressed; 16.2% reported interrupting cancer treatment and 42.9% cancelled examinations or appointments during the pandemic, associated with a higher rate of stress, anxiety, and depression. More than half of the individuals engaged in exercise before the pandemic, but only 35.2% did so in the previous 2 months. Physical exercise during the pandemic was associated with lower depression score. Conclusion: As observed worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a direct impact on the physical and mental health of cancer patients in Brazil. (AU)
Introdução: Como consequência do isolamento social durante a pandemia de COVID-19, reduziu-se a utilização de serviços de saúde e a participação em atividades sociais de pacientes com câncer, o que pode impactar diretamente em sua saúde. Objetivo: Identificar as repercussões no tratamento do câncer, na participação em atividades sociais e no estado emocional de pacientes com câncer no Brasil durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com questionário online para pacientes com câncer. Uma amostra não probabilística foi recrutada por conveniência. Dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, níveis de atividade física e estado emocional (DASS-21) durante a pandemia foram coletados. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados e o nível de significância estabelecido em 95% (p <0,05). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 105 indivíduos. Os resultados indicaram que os participantes mais jovens estavam mais estressados; 16,2% relataram interrupção do tratamento contra o câncer e 42,9% cancelaram exames ou consultas durante a pandemia, associado a maior índice de estresse, ansiedade e depressão. Mais da metade dos indivíduos praticou exercícios antes da pandemia, mas apenas 35,2% o fizeram nos 2 meses anteriores. O exercício físico durante a pandemia foi associado a menor escore de depressão. Conclusão: Conforme observado em todo o mundo, a pandemia de COVID-19 teve impacto direto na saúde física e mental de pacientes com câncer no Brasil. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , COVID-19 , Neoplasms , Anxiety , Brazil , Mental Health , DepressionABSTRACT
The most common photobiomodulation parameters used to aid in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers were investigated in this paper. The databases MEDLINE, LILACS, MEDCARIB, PAHO-IRIS, and WHOLIS were searched with the following descriptors: diabetic foot ulcers AND low-level laser therapy OR low-level therapy AND wound healing; this search was conducted from January of 2014 to December of 2019. Inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials on humans. Exclusion criteria were systematic reviews, literature reviews, studies with animals, studies lacking photobiomodulation parameters, and studies with non-diabetic individuals. The Jadad scale was used in order to analyze the methodological quality of the matching papers. There were seventeen studies found on PubMed and four on LILACS. Among these, seven were selected, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two out of the seven matching studies obtained a high score, and five obtained a low score, on the Jadad scale. The studies settled on the use of 600-nm and 800-nm wavelength spectrum. Most of the analyzed papers on photobiomodulation on diabetic foot ulcers did not describe the detailed parameters in their methodology. None of the studies featured the maximum score with regard to the Jadad scale for methodological quality. The relations of energy versus wavelength and power versus wavelength were divergent among the parameters on the papers. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the parameters for an optimized power value in order to improve the results of the treatment.
