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Menopause ; 31(1): 46-51, 2024 Jan 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38113435

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of low bone mass (osteopenia/osteoporosis), the factors associated with low bone mass, and the risk of fractures in Brazilian postmenopausal women living with HIV (WLH) in the Amazon region. METHODS: This is a cohort study with a cross-sectional assessment at baseline conducted between March 2021 to August 2022 with 100 postmenopausal WLH undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) between 45 and 60 years of age and 100 age-matched HIV-negative women. Data on bone mineral density in the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) were collected using dual x-ray absorptiometry and the 10-year risk of hip and major osteoporotic fractures was assessed using the Fracture Risk Assessment tool (FRAX). RESULTS: The age of menopause onset occurred earlier in WLH ( P < 0.001). No differences in prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in LS and FN were observed except for a lower T score in FN in WLH ( P = 0.039). The FRAX for major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture were low in both groups, despite the mean of both FRAX scores was higher in WLH ( P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that years since menopause onset, higher body mass index and higher FRAX major osteoporotic fracture were associated with the WLH group, while a higher frequency of physical activity was registered in the HIV-negative group. Multivariate analysis also showed that in WLH, a lower T score in FN was associated with years since menopause onset and body mass index and that the number of years since menopause onset was associated with a lower T score in the LS and a higher score in the FRAX hip fracture. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show a high prevalence of low bone mass (osteopenia/osteoporosis) in Brazilian postmenopausal women from the Amazon region. Women living with HIV have higher FRAX scores than HIV-negative women and a lower T score in the FN.


Subject(s)
Bone Diseases, Metabolic , HIV Infections , Hip Fractures , Osteoporosis , Osteoporotic Fractures , Female , Humans , Aged, 80 and over , Bone Density , Osteoporotic Fractures/epidemiology , Osteoporotic Fractures/etiology , Cohort Studies , Postmenopause , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Assessment , Osteoporosis/complications , Absorptiometry, Photon , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/complications , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/epidemiology , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Lumbar Vertebrae , Risk Factors
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