ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction and objective : Contamination of the water used in health care units can induce adverse individual and collective consequences. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality in dental clinics of a dentistry program of a university in Brazil, calculating the total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, heterotrophic bacteria and pH. Materials and methods: In each clinic, water samples were collected for analysis at different points: external cistern, clinic faucet, dental chair tank and triple syringe. After sample collection, analysis was performed: the presence of total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms was determined by chromogenic substrate technique, the presence or absence of Escherichia coli by fluorescence in ultraviolet light, the count of heterotrophic bacteria through the number of colonies and the determination of pH. Results: In all studied sites, the presence of total coliforms, Escherichia coli and thermotolerant coliforms was observed in at least 26% of the samples. In relation to CFU / ml, all mean values were much higher than the maximum established by legislation (500 CFU / ml). It was verified a statistically significant difference was found in the external cistern and tap when compared to the chair tank and triple syringe (p < 0.05). All pH samples were within the standards. Conclusion : The global analysis showed that 100% of the samples were inadequate, which classified the water potability as nonstandard in regard to the current Brazilian legislation.
Resumen Introducción y objetivo : La contaminación del agua utilizada en las unidades de salud puede inducir malas consecuencias individuales y colectivas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la calidad del agua en clínicas odontológicas de una universidad en Brasil, a través del análisis de coliformes totales, coliformes termotolerantes, bacterias heterotróficas y pH. Materiales y métodos: En cada clínica, las muestras de agua fueron recolectadas para análisis en diferentes puntos: cisterna externa, grifo clínico, reservatorio de la silla odontológica y jeringa tríplice. Después de la recolección de las muestras, el análisis fue realizado: la presencia de coliformes totales y coliformes termotolerantes fue determinada por la técnica del sustrato cromogénico; la presencia o ausencia de Escherichia coli por fluorescencia en luz ultravioleta; el recuento de bacterias heterotróficas a través del número de colonias y de la determinación del pH. Resultados: En todos los puntos estudiados, se observó la presencia de coliformes totales, Escherichia coli y coliformes termotolerantes en al menos el 26% de las muestras. Respecto a la UFC / ml, todos los valores medios fueron muy superiores al máximo establecido por la legislación (500 UFC / ml). Todas las muestras de pH estaban dentro de los patrones. Conclusión : El análisis global mostró que el 100% de las muestras fueron inadecuadas, lo que clasificó la capacidad de agua como fuera del estándar en relación a la legislación brasileña actual.
Resumo Introdução e objetivo: A contaminação da água utilizada nas unidades de saúde pode induzir consequências adversas individuais e coletivas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade da água em clínicas odontológicas de um curso de odontologia de uma universidade no Brasil, através da análise de coliformes totais, coliformes termotolerantes, bactérias heterotróficas e pH. Materiais e métodos: Em cada clínica, amostras de água foram coletadas para análise em diferentes pontos: cisterna externa, torneira clínica, reservatório da cadeira odontológica e seringa tríplice. Após a coleta das amostras, a análise foi realizada: a presença de coliformes totais e coliformes termotolerantes foi determinada pela técnica do substrato cromogênico; a presença ou ausência de Escherichia coli por fluorescência em luz ultravioleta; a contagem de bactérias heterotróficas através do número de colônias e a determinação de pH. Resultados : Em todos os pontos estudados, a presença de coliformes totais, Escherichia coli e coliformes termotolerantes foi observada em pelo menos 26% das amostras. Em relação à UFC/ml, todos os valores médios foram muito superiores ao máximo estabelecido pela legislação (500 UFC/ml). Todas as amostras de pH estavam dentro dos padrões. Conclusão: A análise global mostrou que 100% das amostras foram inadequadas, o que classificou a capacidade de água como fora do padrão em relação à legislação brasileira atual.
ABSTRACT
Objetivos: Verificar la prevalencia de los trastornos musculoesqueléticos asociados con el trabajo (TMEAT) de los dentistas de la red de atención primaria de salud en Recife, Brasil. Material y Métodos: Se utilizó el Cuestionario nórdico de síntomas musculoesqueléticos con el objetivo de identificar la presencia de dolor, incomodidad o latencia en diferentes áreas del cuerpo. Resultados: El 97,3% de los entrevistados mencionaron los síntomas musculoesqueléticos asociados con la práctica de la Odontología. El Cuello (56,75%); el puño / manos / dedos (54.06%); los hombros (51.35%) y la región lumbar (48,65%) fueron los lugares más afectados. Al medir la asociación entre TMEAT y las "5" variables extraprofesionales estudiadas, solo la actividad física se asoció con síntomas en la región de puño / manos / dedos (p <0,05). Conclusiones: se observó un alta prevalencia de TMEAT en dentistas de Recife. La práctica de actividad física regular demostró ser un posible factor de protección para las lesiones puño / manos / dedos.
Objectives: It was aimed to verify the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) of dentists from the primary health care network in Recife, Brazil. Material and Methods: The Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Questionnaire was used having as goal to identify the presence of pain, discomfort or dormancy in different body areas. Results: The musculoskeletal symptoms associated with the practice of Dentistry were mentioned by 97.3% of the interviewees. Neck (56.75%); fist/hands/fingers (54.06%); shoulders (51.35%) and lumbar region (48.65%) were the most affected locations. When measuring the association between WRMSD and the "5" extra-professional variables studied, only physical activity was associated with symptoms in the fist / hands / fingers area (p <0.05). Conclusions: A high prevalence of WRMSD was observed in dentists of Recife. The practice of regular physical activity showed to be a possible protective factor for the fist/hands/fingers lesions.
ABSTRACT
The adhesive performance on deproteinized dentin of different self-adhesive resin cements was evaluated through microtensile bond strength (µTBS) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Occlusal dentin of human molars were distributed into different groups, according to the categories: adhesive cementation with two-step bonding systems-control Groups (Adper Single Bond 2 + RelyX ARC/3M ESPE; One Step Plus + Duolink/Bisco; Excite + Variolink I/Ivoclar Vivadent) and self-adhesive cementation-experimental groups (Rely X Unicem/3M ESPE; Biscem/Bisco; MultiLink Sprint/Ivoclar Vivadent). Each group was subdivided according to the dentin approach to: α, maintenance of collagen fibers and ß, deproteinization. The mean values were obtained, and submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test. Statistical differences were obtained to the RelyX Unicem groups (α = 13.59 MPa; ß = 30.19 MPa). All the BIS Group specimens failed before the mechanical tests. Dentinal deproteinization provided an improved bond performance for the self-adhesive cement Rely X Unicem, and had no negative effect on the other cementing systems studied.
Subject(s)
Dentin/chemistry , Molar , Resin Cements/standards , Adhesiveness , Humans , Materials Testing , Tensile StrengthABSTRACT
La durabilidad de las restauraciones adhesivas representa un punto crítico en el campo de la restauración dentaria, ya que la biodegradación es un factor decisivo para el fracaso de dichas restauraciones, a lo largo del tiempo. Este artículo busca esclarecer los mecanismos envueltos en el deterioro de la línea de unión, así como apuntar nuevos caminos o desafíos para la obtención de restauraciones adhesivas cada vez más durables.
The durability of adhesive procedures represents a critical point in function of the biodegradation to represent a decisive factor for the failure of the restorations. This aim of this study was to carry through a revision of literature with the purpose to clarify the involved mechanisms in the degradation of the bonding interface, as well as pointing new ways or challenges with respect to the attainment of more durable adhesive restorations.
ABSTRACT
Deproteinization has been shown to optimize dentin bonding, but differences in adhesive composition should be considered. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentin deproteinization on microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of four total-etch adhesive systems (Single Bond/SB, Prime & Bond NT/PB, One Coat Bond/OC, and PQ1/PQ). The ultrastructure of the resin-dentin interfaces was also examined using scanning electron microscopy. Tukey's multiple-comparison tests indicated that PB and PQ produced significantly higher microTBS (p<0.05) after dentin deproteinization (PB=61.53 MPa, PQ=58.18 MPa). This treatment provided statistically lower results for SB (39.08 MPa), but the microTBS of OC to dentin was unaffected by dentin deproteinization. The bonding performance on deproteinized dentin surfaces depended on the characteristics of each adhesive system, as well as the adhesive dentin specificity to the oxidant effect of sodium hypochlorite. Incorporation of fillers in the adhesive, a possible self-etching action, and the presence of a volatile solvent (acetone) were the main factors for a better union between the adhesive system and deproteinized substrate.
