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1.
Curr Drug Deliv ; 19(8): 860-873, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34963433

ABSTRACT

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the most important neurodegenerative diseases, accounting for 60% of all dementia cases. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that occurs due to the production of ß-amyloid (Aß) protein and accumulation of hyper-phosphorylated tau protein; it causes breakage in the synaptic bonds and neuronal deaths to a large extent. Millions of people worldwide suffer from AD because there is no definitive drug for disease prevention, treatment, or slowing down its progression. Over the last decade, multiple target applications have been developed for AD treatments. These targets include Aß accumulations, hyper-phosphorylated tau proteins, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress, resulting in toxicity. Various natural or semisynthetic antioxidant formulations have been shown to protect brain cells from Aß-induced toxicity and provide promising potentials for AD treatment. Ferulic acid (FA), a high-capacity antioxidant molecule, is naturally synthesized from certain plants. FA has been shown to have different substantial biological properties, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective actions, etc. Furthermore, FA exerts neuroprotection via preventing Aß-fibril formation, acting as an anti-inflammatory agent, and inhibiting free radical generation and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity. In this review, we present key biological roles of FA and several FA derivatives in preventing Aß-induced neurotoxicity, protecting against free radical attacks, and exhibiting enzyme inhibitions and evaluate them as possible therapeutic agents for the treatment of AD.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease , Neurodegenerative Diseases , Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism , Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Coumaric Acids , Humans , Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy
2.
Molecules ; 24(24)2019 Dec 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31817569

ABSTRACT

Depression is a health problem that compromises the quality of life of the world's population. It has different levels of severity and a symptomatic profile that affects social life and performance in work activities, as well as a high number of deaths in certain age groups. In the search for new therapeutic options for the treatment of this behavioral disorder, the present review describes studies on antidepressant activity of cinnamic acids, which are natural products found in medicinal plants and foods. The description of the animal models used and the mechanisms of action of these compounds are discussed.


Subject(s)
Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Cinnamates/therapeutic use , Depression/drug therapy , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Development
3.
Oxid Med Cell Longev ; 2018: 3957262, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30425782

ABSTRACT

The bioactive compounds found in foods and medicinal plants are attractive molecules for the development of new drugs with action against several diseases, such as those associated with inflammatory processes, which are commonly related to oxidative stress. Many of these compounds have an appreciable inhibitory effect on oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and may contribute in a preventive way to improve the quality of life through the use of a diet rich in these compounds. Eugenol is a natural compound that has several pharmacological activities, action on the redox status, and applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Considering the importance of this compound, the present review discusses its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, demonstrating its mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Eugenol/pharmacology , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry , Antioxidants/chemistry , Bone Remodeling/drug effects , Eugenol/chemistry , Eugenol/toxicity , Humans , Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
4.
Molecules ; 23(6)2018 Jun 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29890617

ABSTRACT

Piplartine (1) is an alkamide extracted from plants of the genus Piper which shows several pharmacological properties, including antitumor activity. To improve this activity, a series of analogues based on 1 have been synthesized by esterification and amidation using the 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid-like starting material. During the study, the moieties 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acrylate and 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acrylamide were maintained on esters and amides respectively. Meanwhile, functional changes were exploited, and it was revealed that the presence of two aromatic rings in the side-chain was important to improve the cytotoxic activity against the U87MG cell line, such as the compound (E)-benzhydryl 3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acrylate (10), an ester that exhibited strong cytotoxicity and a similar level of potency to that of paclitaxel, a positive control. Compound 10 had a marked concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on the viability of the U87MG cell line with apoptotic and oxidative processes, showing good potential for altering main molecular pathways to prevent tumor development. Moreover, it has strong bioavailability with non-genotoxic and non-cytotoxic properties on human blood cells. In conclusion, the findings of the present study demonstrated that compound 10 is a promising agent that may find applications combatting diseases associated with oxidative stress and as a prototype for the development of novel drugs used in the treatment of glioblastoma.


Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Glioblastoma/pathology , Piperidones/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Biological Availability , Cell Line, Tumor , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Humans , Piperidones/chemistry , Piperidones/pharmacokinetics
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