[Structure and dynamics of depressive disorders in patients with a new coronavirus infection]. / Struktura i dinamika depressivnykh rasstroistv u patsientok, perenesshikh novuyu koronavirusnuyu infektsiyu (COVID-19).

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dynamics of depressive disorders in patients who underwent COVID-19. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included female patients (n=30) with mean age 35.4±3.0 years, who received inpatient treatment of depressive spectrum symptoms in accordance with ICD-10 rubrics F31-F34 and who have undergone COVID-19 (U04.9, U07.1, U07.2). Clinical-psychopathological and statistical methods were used. RESULTS: Among all patients, who underwent inpatient treatment for affective disorders, the most common symptoms were: low mood (96.7%), anxiety (83.3%), decreased interest in daily activities (40%), loss of appetite (36.7%). In patients who have had depressive symptoms before COVID-19, an increase in the number of affective spectrum symptoms (suicidal thoughts - 83.3%), as well as in asthenic manifestations in the form of increased fatigue (60%), sleep disorders (73.3%), feelings of fatigue, weakness (60%), emotional lability (40%). CONCLUSION: In patients with depressive disorders who underwent COVID-19, hypothymia is most often accompanied by anxiety, suicidal thoughts, as well as asthenic manifestations in the form of fatigue, sleep disturbances, and emotional lability. An increase in the number of asthenic spectrum symptoms in patients with depressive disorders may indicate a possible link between COVID-19 and affective pathology. The impact of coronavirus infection on the structure and dynamics of depressive disorders requires further study, taking into account the severity of affective symptoms, the impact of psychopharmacotherapy, and the severity of the infectious disease.

[A role of clinical, psychological and social factors in the formation of hetero - and self-aggressive behavior of women serving time in a correctional facility]. / Rol' klinicheskikh, psikhologicheskikh i sotsial'nykh faktorov v formirovanii geteroagressivnogo i autoagressivnogo povedeniia zhenshchin, otbyvaiushchikh nakazanie v ispravitel'nom uchrezhdenii.

AIM: To define a role of clinical, psychological and social factors in the development of aggressive behavior in women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 1054 women serving their sentence in a penal colony were stratified into three groups: group 1 - 435 women with heteroaggressive behavior, group 2 - 298 women with self-aggressive behavior, group 3 (control group) - 321 woman without aggressive behavior. Clinical, psychological, sociological, and statistical methods were used. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The groups differed by the presence, severity and form of mental disorder and by psychological and social characteristics. It has been concluded that clinical and psychopathological factors play the most important role in the formation of aggression in women. The importance of psychological factors is ambiguous. They often play a secondary role but may be on parity or priority. The impact of social factors is often mediated.

[The clinical predictors of heteroaggressive behaviour of the women serving sentence in penitentiary]. / Klinicheskie prediktory geteroagressivnogo povedeniya zhenshchin, otbyvayushchikh nakazanie v ispravitel'nom uchrezhdenii.

AIM: To identify clinical predictors of heteroaggressive behavior. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three hundreds and three women serving sentence in a penal colony were examined using clinical, neurologic and statistical methods. The main group consisted of 225 women with heteroaggressive behavior, the control group included 78 women without aggressive behavior. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Differences between the main and control groups in the structure of mental disorders and key syndromes were revealed. The authors conclude that the states with elements of dysphoria, dysthymia, decompensation of personality disorders, which are defined in the various forms of mental pathology, are the most significant predictors of heteroaggressive behavior in women in the penal colony.

[The use of mGlu2/3 receptors as a new approach to treat schizophrenia: results of a randomized double-blind trial].

Glutamate neurotransmission has been considered as one of pathogenetic factors of schizophrenia though all antipsychotics widely used in modern psychiatric practice are dopamine antagonists. LY2140023 is a selective agonist for metabotropic glutamate 2/3 (mGlu2/3) receptors with antipsychotic effect. In the present study, we have assessed clinical efficacy of LY2140023 in patients with schizophrenia compared to the control group receiving olanzapine in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The statistically significant reduction of positive and negative symptoms measured with the PANSS (p<0.001) was observed for both antipsychotics at week 4 of treatment compared to placebo. The treatment with LY2140023 was safe and well-tolerated; treated patients did not differ from the placebo group by hyperprolactinemia and extrapyramidal symptoms, and weight gain. The results suggest that the agonist for 2/3 (mGlu2/3) receptors has antipsychotic properties and provides a new, alternative to dopamine agonists, method for pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia.

[Psychosomatic aspects of gastrointestinal diseases]. / Psikhosomaticheskie aspekty zabolevanii zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta.

The article covers up-to-date information about the incidence of psychosomatic pathology among patients of gastroenterologic profile including patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and syndrome of irritable colon. From the point of view of psychosomatic idea the article considers the factors predisposing, permitting and retarding the development of the disease. A detailed description is available in psychosomatic disturbances, modern concepts about their pathogenesis including a break of correlation between limbic and frontal regions of central nervous system and disorder in serotonin metabolism--clinical manifestations, methods of diagnosis and treatment including selective inhibitors and stimulators of serotonin reuptake and neuroleptics.

[The psychological assessment of patients with congenital and acquired maxillofacial deformities in the pre- and postoperative periods]. / Psikhologicheskaia otsenka bol'nykh s vrozhdennymi i priobretennymi cheliustno-litsevymi deformatsiiami v do- i posleoperatsionnom periodakh.

Complex rehabilitation of 20 patients with congenital and acquired maxillofacial deformations included psychological examinations using the finish-the-sentence test, Taylor's, Eysenck's [correction of Isenk's], Leonhard-Smisek, and Dembo-Rubinstein tests. Depressive states were detected in 4, neurotic reactions with depressive incorporations in 16 examinees. After surgery the manifestations of depression decreased in 60% of patients. Psychological studies helped improve the efficacy of surgery due to a favorable impact on the personality.

[The characteristics of diagnosing homosexuality in examining a special population contingent]. / Osobennosti diagnostiki gomoseksualizma pri obsledovanii spetskontigenta.

In social terms homosexuality is one of the most dangerous sexual perversions, for it is subject to a strong social disapproval, affects the personality core, leads to social disadaptation, growth of anxiety, development of neurotic and depressive states, suicidal inclination, is conducive to the spread of syphilis and AIDS, forms the basis for numerous crimes (violence, aggression, murder). Homosexuality virtually cannot be corrected and is carefully concealed. In single-sex groups (soldiers, students of military schools, convicts) the prevalence of homosexuality may be as high as 30 to 50%. The proposed complex method for the diagnosis of homosexuality in men has been developed on the basis of methods of sexology, anthropometry, verbal and nonverbal psychodiagnosis, multidimensional mathematical statistics. The method consists of several independent blocks representing different aspects of sexuality. It is conductive to a flexible and rapid solution of numerous practical problems from singling out a risk group in screening examinations to full expert evaluation of the sexual sphere with a resulting differential diagnosis.

[Study of the associative activity of schizophrenic patients by the technic of remote synchronization of cortical biopotentials]. / Issledovanie assotsiativnoi deiatel'nosti bol'nykh shizofreniei metodom distantnoi sinkhronizatsii biopotentsialov kory golovnogo mozga.

To reveal physiological correlates of the schizophrenic thinking peculiarities associated with impaired mechanisms of information selection, spatial synchronization of the cortical biopotentials was studied in 10 healthy probands and 9 patients with continuously progressing schizophrenia. Both the healthy probands and the patients were asked to solve problems of comparing notions in situations where standard or non-standard criteria for the solution could be chosen. The bioelectrical activity was recorded at 48 cortical sites with subsequent estimation of the cross-correlation interconnections between the EEGs. It was found that in the solution of problems with the use of standard criteria the spatial-temporary organization of the biopotentials differed but little in the healthy probands and the patients, whereas in the solution of problems for which secondary, latent features of the subjects were required, these differences were rather marked in a number of characteristics, such as the general level of the synchronism, the character of interhemispheral asymmetries, the topographic distribution of the biopotential synchronization. The data obtained are discussed in the light of the present-day concepts on the functional specialization of the hemispheres.

[Clinico-electrophysiologic characteristics of non-process personality changes and schizophrenia in adolescence]. / Kliniko-élektrofiziologicheskaia kharakteristika neprotsessual'nykh izmenenii lichnosti i shizofrenii v podrostkovom.

The paper deals with a study of spatial organization in the biological processes during their toposcopical registration. These studies were necessary to determine the clinical and electrophysiological criteria for the differential diagnosis of schizophrenic patients and nonprocess personality deviations in adolescency. The data obtained demonstrated several differences, as shown by bioelectrical indices, in the intrahemispheric, interhemispheric, intracortical and cortical-subcortical interrelationships in the general system of functional contacts. On the basis of literary and personal experience certain assumptions are made, related to the differentiated influence of each of the links in the dynamic organization of brain activity on the character of psychopathological signs.

[Clinical features of several variants of schizophrenia in adolescence. I]. / K voprosu o klinicheskikh osobennostiakh nekotorykh variantov shizofrenii v podrostkovom vozraste (soobshchenie I).

A total of 87 schizophrenic patients (39 boys and 48 girls), with a psychopathlike syndrome and deviant behaviour were examined. On the basis of the clinical picture and type of development of the disease, 2 groups of patients (from 14-18 years) were distinguished. The first group included patients who by their clinical traits belonged to heboid schizophrenia and were observed in the framework of a one-attack shiftlike development of the process. In the second group the psychopathlike syndrome was expressed in the presence of increasing personality changes, while the development of the process was a sluggish type.

[Clinico-psychopathologic features of non-process forms of deviant behavior in adolescence]. / Kliniko-psikhopatologicheskie osobennosti neprotsessual'nykh form deviantnogo povedeniia v podrostkovom vozraste.

Clinico-psychopathological traits of non-process forms of deviant behaviour in adolescents were studied in the framework of pathological personality formation. Two variants in the development of the disease were distinguished: favourable and unfavourable. Some differential diagnostic criteria are outlined which permit to delineate this form of borderline pathology from a debut of schizophrenia in adolescency. The study includes a consideration of the disturbed system of relationships of the personality in the adolescents examined.