Systematization of Nutritional Care In Endoscopic Treatment for Obesity.

PURPOSE: Propose the systematization of nutritional care in the endoscopic treatment of obesity. METHOD: This is a bibliographical review, since the initial proposal was a systematic review. This method became unfeasible due to the inexistence of studies that address this theme. Thus, a bibliographic survey was carried out, considering the endoscopic treatment as a restrictive treatment, as well as the information referring to case reports and multicentric studies. RESULTS: Nutrition participation involves nutritional assessment and diagnosis, dietary planning pertinent to the adequate evolution of food consistency, as well as the use of food supplements compatible with the Gastric Sleeve due to food restriction. The Bariatric Plate Model (BPM) can be useful in the nutritional education of the patient after gastric endosuture, associated with water consumption and the performance of scheduled physical exercise, as well as periodic monitoring with the multiprofessional team. CONCLUSIONS: Specialized nutritional care is necessary, through a protocol of nutritional assistance defined after gastric endosuture, in order to achieve long-term weight loss and maintenance goals. The BPM can be an excellent form of nutritional education, observing protein intake as a macronutrient base.

Argon plasma coagulation of gastrojejunal anastomosis for weight regain after gastric bypass.

BACKGROUND: The failure of approximately 20 % of obese patients who undergo Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) to maintain weight loss over the following 18-24 months is related to the surgical procedure, to the patient, or both. Although the underlying mechanisms are uncertain, one factor that has been postulated is the dilation of the gastrojejunal anastomosis. The objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the serial use of argon plasma coagulation (APC) in reducing the diameter of the dilated gastrojejunal anastomosis and post-RYGB weight regain. METHODS: We carried out a prospective, nonrandomized study of 30 patients, with no control or sham group, monitoring RYGB weight regain associated with dilation of the gastrojejunal anastomosis over a postoperative period of 18 months. Each patient underwent three sessions of APC in the anastomosis separated by 8 weeks, with a final endoscopic examination 8 weeks after the last session. RESULTS: There was a loss of 15.48 kg (range = 8.0-16.0 kg) of the 19.6 kg (range = 7.0-39.0 kg) of regained weight after RYGB and a reduction of 66.89 % in the final anastomotic diameter, with statistically significant reductions between each APC session. Previous body mass index significantly decreased up to the final examination, and the final weight was close to but not at the same level as the nadir. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that the use of APC to treat weight regain after RYGB is a safe and effective procedure and promotes a reduction in gastrojejunal anastomosis, final weight, and BMI, with a low rate of complications.

Influence of leukotriene inhibitor montelukast on wound contraction and cutaneous healing process in rats.

BACKGROUND: Wound contractures can cause severe deformities and disabilities. Recent studies have suggested that leukotriene receptor antagonists have an inhibitory effect on the healing contraction process. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the leukotriene inhibitor montelukast on the cutaneous healing process and the wound contraction phenomenon in rats. METHODS: For this study, 60 male rats were randomly divided into four groups (MK-7d, SF-7d, MK-14d, and SF-14d) according to the drug given through a rigid orogastric tube (MK group: montelukast 10 mg/kg/day; SF group: normal saline solution) and the day the animals were killed (7d: postoperative day 7; 14d: postoperative day 14). An excisional wound (2 x 2 cm) was created on the dorsum of each rat. The wounds were left open to heal spontaneously and documented by standard digital photographs on different postoperative days. Wound contraction rates were calculated with specific software, and specimens were histologically evaluated using picrosirius red stain. Results were analyzed using the Aspin-Welch, Mann-Whitney, and t tests, assuming a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The wound contraction rates were similar between the control and study groups (p > 0.05). On postoperative day 7, the wounds showed a marginally significant reduction in collagen maturation in the study group (40.1% +/- 6.88% vs 61.2% +/- 8.02%; p = 0.0607). On postoperative day 14, this reduction was statistically significant in the MK group (26% +/- 5.66% vs 68.3% +/- 7.76%; p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Montelukast does not alter the contraction rate of excisional wounds in rats but has a significant and progressive inhibitory effect on collagen maturation.

Resultados do transplante hepático em pacientes com diagnóstico pré-operatório de hepatocarcinoma / Results of liver transplantation in patients with preoperative diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

RACIONAL: O hepatocarcinoma é o tumor hepático maligno mais freqüente em humanos e sua forte associação com a cirrose torna a abordagem terapêutica ainda um desafio. O transplante hepático é o tratamento de escolha para os pacientes cirróticos com hepatocarcinoma irressecável em estágio precoce OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução pós-transplante de 15 pacientes cirróticos com diagnóstico pré-operatório de hepatocarcinoma precoce irressecável que preenchiam os Critérios de Milão e foram submetidos a transplante hepático entre setembro de 1991 e dezembro de 2003 no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR MÉTODOS: Foram analisados retrospectivamente os dados clínicos dos 15 receptores de transplante hepático tendo como parâmetros principais a sobrevida do paciente e a ocorrência de recidiva tumoral após o transplante RESULTADOS: A idade média dos pacientes foi 49,2 ± 14,3 anos, sendo a hepatite crônica C a causa implicada em 60 por cento dos casos. Em 80 por cento dos pacientes realizou-se terapia adjuvante pré-transplante (quimioembolização ou alcoolização). Na análise dos explantes hepáticos constatou-se que 5 dos 12 pacientes (38,5 por cento) submetidos a terapia adjuvante apresentavam necrose completa do tumor, enquanto os demais apresentavam alguma extensão de tecido tumoral viável. Em apenas 4 dos 15 explantes (26,6 por cento) constatou-se invasão microvascular. A mediana do seguimento pós-transplante foi de 33 meses (8_71 meses), tendo ocorrido apenas um óbito precoce, não relacionado à recidiva tumoral (sepse biliar). A sobrevida pós-transplante livre de recurrência em 1 e 3 anos no grupo foi de 93 por cento CONCLUSÕES: O transplante hepático é uma excelente alternativa de tratamento em pacientes cirróticos com hepatocarcinoma irressecável em fase precoce, alcançando elevados índices de sobrevida livre de recurrência tumoral.

BACKGROUD: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequent malignant hepatic tumor in humans, and its association with cirrhosis makes the therapeutic approach still a challenge. Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for cirrhotic patients with unresectable early hepatocellular carcinoma AIM: To evaluate the post-transplant outcome of a cohort of 15 cirrhotic patients with preoperative diagnosis of unresectable early hepatocellular carcinoma according the Milan criteria who underwent liver transplantation between September 1991 and December 2003 METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data from 15 liver transplant recipients and the explanted livers were assessed for the efficacy of preoperative therapy. Patient survival and tumor recurrence were evaluated as primary outcome measures RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 49.2 ± 14.3 years and hepatitis C was the etiology of the underlying liver disease in 60 percent. Preoperative therapy, either chemoembolization or percutaneous ethanol injection, was performed in 12 (86 percent) patients. Complete necrosis of all tumoral lesions were observed in 5 of 12 patients (44,66 percent); all others had variable amounts of viable tumor in the explanted liver. Only 4 of the 15 (26.6 percent) explanted livers had microscopic vascular invasion. The median post-transplant follow-up was 33 months (range: 8-71months) and no tumor recurrence was detected during this period. The only death was an early event not related to the tumor. The recurrence-free survival rates at 1 and 3 years were 93 percent CONCLUSION: Liver transplantation has emerged as a good alternative for cirrhotic patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma not amenable to curative resection, offering excellent recurrence-free survival rates.

[Results of liver transplantation in patients with preoperative diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma]. / Resultados do transplante hepático em pacientes com diagnóstico pré-operatório de hepatocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: [corrected] Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequent malignant hepatic tumor in humans, and its association with cirrhosis makes the therapeutic approach still a challenge. Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for cirrhotic patients with unresectable early hepatocellular carcinoma AIM: To evaluate the post-transplant outcome of a cohort of 15 cirrhotic patients with preoperative diagnosis of unresectable early hepatocellular carcinoma according the Milan criteria who underwent liver transplantation between September 1991 and December 2003 METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data from 15 liver transplant recipients and the explanted livers were assessed for the efficacy of preoperative therapy. Patient survival and tumor recurrence were evaluated as primary outcome measures RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 49.2 +/- 14.3 years and hepatitis C was the etiology of the underlying liver disease in 60%. Preoperative therapy, either chemoembolization or percutaneous ethanol injection, was performed in 12 (86%) patients. Complete necrosis of all tumoral lesions were observed in 5 of 12 patients (44,66%); all others had variable amounts of viable tumor in the explanted liver. Only 4 of the 15 (26.6%) explanted livers had microscopic vascular invasion. The median post-transplant follow-up was 33 months (range: 8-71 months) and no tumor recurrence was detected during this period. The only death was an early event not related to the tumor. The recurrence-free survival rates at 1 and 3 years were 93% CONCLUSION: Liver transplantation has emerged as a good alternative for cirrhotic patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma not amenable to curative resection, offering excellent recurrence-free survival rates.