Aspirin does not preferentially potentiate IgE dependent basophil CD63 upregulation in patients with food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis

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Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis: possible impact of increased basophil histamine releasability in hyperosmolar conditions.

We present a case of anaphylactic shock induced by exercise following celery ingestion. The possible mechanism of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) and the laboratory tests for its diagnosis are discussed. We evaluated spontaneous, celery-allergen-induced, and anti-FcepsilonRI-antibody-induced histamine release from basophils obtained from the patient, 2 celery-allergic controls, and 3 healthy controls. Buffers of increasing osmolarity were used to mimic conditions of vigorous physical exercise. Only the patient's basophils showed an increase in spontaneous, anti-FcepsilonRI antibody-induced and allergen-induced histamine release under physiological conditions and with slightly increased medium osmolarity. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the possible role of increased histamine releasability in the pathogenic mechanism of FDEIA. We suggest that FDEIA results from increased histamine releasability triggered by physical effort after exposure to a sensitizing food allergen.

Production of leukotriene C4 by peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with anti-fcepsilonRI antibody, PMA, and fMLP does not correlate with irreversible airway obstruction in asthmatics.

BACKGROUND: Airway remodeling has recently emerged as a major problem in an increasing percentage of patients with asthma. Reasons for great diversity in the progression of irreversible bronchoconstriction among asthmatics remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess whether the potential ability of leukocytes to produce cysteinyl leukotrienes in response to various stimuli is correlated with magnitude of irreversible airway obstruction in asthmatics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample comprised 76 asthmatics (34 males, mean +/- SD age 52 +/- 13 years), and 35 healthy controls (18 males, 38.2 +/- 15 years). Each subject underwent 2 pulmonary function tests: before and after bronchodilator administration. In addition, approximate annual decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (% of predicted) was calculated. Leukotriene C4 (LTC4) production was assessed combining a cellular antigen stimulation test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using Bulhmann Laboratories AG kits. Leukocytes isolated from peripheral blood were stimulated with anti-FcepsilonRI antibody, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). In separate tubes each subject's leukocytes were tested for spontaneous LTC4 production. Finally, stimulated LTC4 production was expressed in pg/mL after subtraction of values of spontaneous production. RESULTS: In asthmatics, baseline FVC% and FEV% values ranged from 24.4% to 122.4% (mean, 75.5%) and from 23.4% to 126.6% (mean, 74.4%), respectively. There were no significant differences between asthmatics and controls in LTC4 production stimulated by anti-FcepsilonRI antibody (P = .79), fMLP (P = .33) or PMA (P = .86). We found no correlation between stimulated LTC4 production and spirometric parameters at baseline or after bronchodilator administration or annual decline in FEV1%. CONCLUSION: Our results do not confirm the hypothesis that airway remodeling in asthma might be related to enhanced ability of leukocytes to produce cysteinyl leukotrienes in response to various stimuli.

[The effect of theophylline on neutrophil and lymphocyte chemotaxis stimulated with fMLP in health subjects and asthma patients]. / Wplyw teofiliny na chemotaksje neutrofilów i limfocytów stymulowanych fMLP u osób zdrowych i chorych na astme oskrzelowa.

Theophylline, for many years used as a bronchodilatator, is also known to have some anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of theophylline on random locomotion and chemotaxis of neutrophils and lymphocytes from 12 patients with mild bronchial asthma and 12 healthy volunteers. fMLP in concentration 10(-8) M was used as a chemoattractant. The experiment was performed using the modified Boyden method. The cells were incubated with theophylline in therapeutic concentrations (from 5 to 20 micrograms/ml) at 37 degrees C for 30 minutes. Motility of neutrophils and lymphocytes was determined as the migration distance of the cell leading front inside the filter (micron). We found no statistically significant differences in both spontaneous and fMLP-stimulated cell motility between asthmatics and healthy subjects. fMLP-stimulated chemotaxis was significantly inhibited after neutrophil preincubation with theophylline in therapeutic concentrations (5-20 micrograms/ml) in both groups. Random locomotion of lymphocytes was slightly but significantly higher in healthy subjects comparing to asthmatics. Preincubation with theophylline at concentrations 10 to 20 micrograms/ml resulted in significant inhibition of fMLP-stimulated chemotaxis in both groups. Our data show the inhibitory action of theophylline on fMLP-induced chemotaxis of both neutrophils and lymphocytes indicating the anti-inflammatory activity of the drug.

[Activity of sodium-potassium adenosinetriphosphatase and cotransport of sodium, potassium and chloride ions in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases]. / Aktywnosc adenozynotrójfosfatazy sodowo-potasowej i wspóltransportu jonów sodu, potasu i chloru u chorych na astme oskrzelowa i przewlekla obturacyjna chorobe pluc.

Diminished activities of Na/K/ATPase and Na/K/2Cl-cotransport in arterial smooth muscles lead to vasoconstriction. We found it interesting to check if a decrease in activities of those ion transports are present in other diseases with smooth muscles hyperreactivity; bronchial asthma and COPD. The study was performed on lymphocytes collected from 57 patients with atopic asthma, nonatopic asthma and COPD; the groups consisted of 18, 28 and 11 patients respectively. Control group was composed of 15 healthy subjects. There were no significant differences in Na/K/-ATPase and Na/K/2Cl-cotransport activities either in the exacerbation compared to the remission in the examined group, or in patients versus controls. Na/K-ATPase activity was strongly dependent on pO2.

Lymphokine-induced uptake of [14C]glucosamine, [14C]glucose, and [3H]leucine by macrophages.

Lymphokine-activated (LK+) and control (LK-) macrophages were cultured for 66 h and then pulsed with [14C]glucosamine. Uptake of [14C]glucosamine was greater in LK+ than in LK- cultures. If, after 66 h, the medium was replaced with fresh medium and then pulsed with either [14C]glucose or [14C]glucosamine, the uptake of isotope was greatly reduced compared to cultures with no change of medium. However, uptake of both radiolabeled substances was still found to be greater in LK+ cultures than in LK- cultures. Although uptake of both substances was enhanced by lymphokines, the uptake kinetics of each isotope was different. Under similar conditions the uptake of [3H]leucine was not enhanced by lymphokine activation. These data are interpreted to mean that LK+ macrophages are metabolically stimulated and utilize more glucose and glucosamine. The difference in kinetics implies a different utilization by macrophages for each substance.

Evaluation of a new rapid slide test for pregnancy.

A new latex-inhibition slide test for pregnancy, Gest female State, with the use of polystyrene latex particles to which human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been bound, is described. The sensitivity of this test was found to be 2 to 4 1.U. of hCG per milliliter of urine. Clinical trials with the Gest female State in urine samples from 328 patients (203 positive, 125 negative) showed one false negative and no false positive results. Urine containing drugs or high concentrations of various ingredients and abnormal urine did not result in interference with expected test results. The new test was comparable with or superior to other commercially available rapid slide tests for pregnancy.