[The morphofunctional characteristics of the placenta in physiological pregnancy and in idiopathic disorders of intrauterine development]. / Morfofunktsional'naia kharakteristika platsenty pri fiziologicheskoi beremennosti i idiopaticheskikh narusheniiakh vnutriutrobnogo razvitiia.

Combined study of placentas from 43 foetuses and newborns with full duration of pregnancy (morphological, morphometrical, histoenzymatic) in intrauterine hypotrophy and idiopathic inhibition of the intrauterine development revealed a subcompensated placental failure as compared to the placenta of normotrophic children. The latter is due to decrease of organometric placenta parameters and increase of its anomalies frequency, increase of the volume of the organ afunctional parenchyma, decrease of the volume of morphological equivalents of both hormonal and transport function, non-adequate transplacental exchange because of the villous chorion immaturity and low level of the energetic supply of all placental functions. All this confirms an important role of placenta in the pathogenesis of idiopathic disturbances of the foetal intrauterine development.

[Structural basis of compensatory-adaptive reactions of the human placenta]. / Strukturnaia osnova kompensatorno-prisposobitel'nykh reaktsii v platsente cheloveka.

25 placentas from pregnant women with preeclampsia and 18 women with uncomplicated pregnancy (control) were studied morphologically, using stereohistometric method. It was determined that placenta is a polyfunctional organ which is organized in such a way that the same morphological structures (chorionic epithelium, interstitium, capillaries) can perform different functions--transport, barrier, hormone. With the development of compensatory-adaptation reactions, structural placenta features determine the possibility to decrease the efficiency of some functions and increase the efficiency of others. These facts should be taken into consideration during the analysis of morphological placenta changes caused by the diseases of the mother and fetus.

[Ultrastructural and ultracytochemical characteristics of the terminal villi of the placenta in EPH-toxemia of pregnancy]. / Ul'trastrukturnaia i ul'tratsitokhimicheskaia kharakteristika terminal'nykh vorsinok platsenty pri EPH-toksikoze beremennosti.

The main types of the terminal villi in the EPH-toxicosis of pregnancy with various degrees of severity are studied with light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and ultracytochemistry. The incipient stages of the transition from normal to pathologically changed villi could be detected by means of ultrastructural study only. Enhancement of the degenerative processes in placenta occurs as the severity of this complication increases.

[Activation of processes of perception and visual memory in teaching pathological anatomy]. / Ob aktivizatsii protsessov vospriiatiia i zritel'noi pamiati pri obuchenii patologicheskoi anatomii.

The comparative study of different methods of student work with macroscopical preparations and different variants of slides presentation is performed. The volume of the demonstrative material reproduction was checked one week after the presentation. It was required to list in a control card a full name of macro- and microscopical preparations presented. The results of assimilation of the macroscopical preparations in collective stand demonstration and in work with the preparations in small groups or individually were evaluated. The highest level of remembering is established when every student works individually in a special room having the possibility to use textbooks and gets a preliminary notice on the reproduction of the information obtained (evaluation, control of the knowledge). The efficiency of remembering depends on both quantity and quality of the material, the presence of logical and associative links, the imagery of words in the accompanying text.

[Structural and metabolic mechanisms of placental adaptation]. / K voprosu o strukturno-metabolicheskikh mekhanizmakh adaptatsii platsenty.

Ninety-two placentas from patients with late toxaemia of pregnancy were studied by means of histologic, stereologic and enzyme histochemical methods. 32 placentas were from live births and 60 from stillbirths. In the stillbirth series, 31 placentas were from cases of fetal antepartum deaths and 29 from cases of fetal intrapartum deaths. The increase of the microcirculation volume in placental villi and the increase of oxidative enzyme activity in the syncytiotrophoblast, stroma and villi vesel wall are considered as structural and metabolic mechanisms of placenta adaptation. The role of structural and metabolic placenta insufficiency in the pathogenesis of the intrauterine fetal death is discussed.