[The pharmacological properties of karazedin]. / O farmakologicheskikh svoistvakh karazedina.

The original agent 1,2,3,4,5,5a,6,10b-octahydroazepino-[4,5-b]indole (carazedine), an analog of the highly active antipsychotic drug carbidine, was synthesized. This agent was found to have various psychotropic activities and to be superior to carbidine, as shown by a number of tests, and combine properties typical of neuroleptics and tranquilizers. The toxicity of carazedine and carbidine was equal.

[The withdrawal syndrome and lipid peroxidation during the chronic administration of narcotic analgesics to rats]. / Sindrom otmeny i perekisnoe okislenie lipidov pri khronicheskom vvedenii krysam narkotichyeskikh anal'getikov.

Diverse behavioral disorders and the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) of biological membranes were estimated in different rat tissues after the 7-day administration and subsequent withdrawal of morphine or promedol. 24 hours after the withdrawal of the analgetics the demonstrated a high initial level of motor activity in the open field. Naloxone, an antagonist of opiate receptors, potentiated motor activity and the intensity of withdrawal syndrome (by 160%) in rats with morphine rather than promedol dependence. The behavioral disorders in dependent animals were accompanied by LPO activation in liver and brain membranes.

[The "phenomenon of ethanol preference"]. / O "fenomene predpochteniia étanola".

The problem of using the "phenomenon of ethanol preference" under conditions of a free choice between ethanol and water as a behavioural model of alcoholism is discussed. The methodical aspects of the model are considered: the regimen of the animals' keeping, the criteria of preference, the concentrations of ethanol solutions, the schedule of presentation of the solutions. There was shown the principal similarity between the changes in the behaviour and biological parameters of the animals preferring ethanol and the changes observed in the man suffering from chronic alcoholism. It is concluded that despite the imperfection of the model the "phenomenon of ethanol preference" remains fairly valuable for studying the etiopathogenesis of alcoholism and developing the methods of the therapeutic action on the patient.

[Feasibility of applying pattern recognition techniques in psychopharmacology]. / K vozmozhnosti primeneniia metodov teorii raspoznavaniia obrazov v psikhofarmakologii.

The necessity to consider the effect of psychotropic agents on the human organism as on the integral system interrelated with the environment is grounded. The need of applying the pattern recognition theory techniques which allow to analyze the integral state of the organism is substantiated. An illustration of the analysis of a psychotropic agent cathinone by using these techniques is presented.

[Spatial-temporal structure of the organization of goal-directed behavior under the action of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol]. / Prostranstvenno-vremennáia struktura organizatsii tselenapravlennogo povedeniia v usloviiakh deistviia del'ta 9-tetragidrokanabinola.

The effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) on the goal-directed behavior was studied by the pattern recognition theory methods on cats trained for a differentiated response, to structured visual stimuli. Administration of delta-9-THC was shown to cause noncoordination of certain neocortex regions as well as disagreement of temporal characteristics of the processes involved in the goal-directed behavior organization.

[Mechanism of the anti-alcohol action of fenazepam]. / K mekhanizmu protivoalkogol'nogo deistviia fenazepama.

Experiments were performed on 64 albino male rats selected according to their ethanol preference. A long-term administration of ethanol produced a number of specific changes in the activity of the enzymes involved in metabolism of ethanol, lipid peroxidation, enzymes of metabolism of xenobiotics. At the continuous ethanol administration, phenazepam was found to normalize the activity of ethanol-metabolizing enzymes, both in vivo and in vitro. Phenazepam also normalized reaction of lipid peroxidation both in vivo and in vitro. The drug was shown to be an inductor with respect to enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism.

[Experimental tests for detecting substances that cause pathological habituation]. / Ob éksperimental'nykh testakh dlia vyiavleniia veshchestv, vyzyvaiushchikh patologicheskoe vlechenie.

The author describes methods for experimental testing of the ability of alcohol and drugs to induce pathological motivation. These methods are intended for testing barbiturates, tranquilizers, analgesics, hallucinogens and psychostimulants. As for ethanol, there is a possibility of screening "high risk groups".

[Effect of bromocriptine in experimental alcoholism in rats of both sexes]. / Deistvie bromkriptina pri eksperimental'nom alkogolizme u krys raznogo pola.

It has been shown in experiments on intact rats that bromocriptin (1 mg/kg) produces opposite changes on the self-stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus: facilitates it in females and inhibits in males, whereas administered in a dose of 10 mg/kg inhibits it in animals of both sexes. It has been established in experiments on rats preferring ethanol to water that the drug in a dose of 1 mg/kg reduces the degree of ethanol preference only in females while the dose of ethanol consumption declines in animals of both sexes. Besides, bromocriptin decreases the rate of ethanol elimination from blood (3-fold in females, and 1.8-fold in males) and does not interfere with the reduction of ethanol concentration characteristic for the time of withdrawal.

A study of the mediator spectrum of delta-9 tetrahydrocanabinol effects on cerebral bioelectric activity.

Defense conditioning in cats with simultaneous recording of bioelectric activity was used to show that serotonin-negative and dopamine-positive substances normalize delta-9 THC-elicited dissimilarity of amplitudinal and temporal parameters of evoked potentials in visual associative and somatosensoric zones II of the cerebral cortex. It was also found that serotoninergic substances affect both primary and secondary waves of evoked potentials while dopaminergic substances influence only late waves.

[The significance of the central regulation of sexual behavior in experimental alcoholism in male white rats]. / O znachenii tsentral'noi reguliatsii polovogo povedeniia pri éksperimental'nom alkogolizme samtsov belykh krys.

It has been shown that ethanol consumption by rats with a decreased activity of the brain zones, which regulate sexual behavior, declines but alcoholic motivation increases on destruction of the brain zones responsible for feeding behavior.

[Aspects of the mediator nature of the effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on evoked potentials of the cerebral cortex]. / Nekotorye aspekty mediatornoi prirody vliianiia del'ta-9-tetragidrokanabinola na vyzvannye potentsialy kory golovnogo mozga.

It has been shown on cats with the method of the conditional defensive reflexes and parallel recording of the bioelectric activity that the serotonin-negative and dopamine-positive substances restore the similarity of the amplitude-temporary parameters of evoked potentials in the visual, associative and the second comatosencory fields of the brain cortex, disturbed by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol injection. It has been also demonstrated that the serotoninergic substances influence the action of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol both on the early and late waves of evoked potentials whereas the dopaminergic substances influence the drug action only on the late waves.

[Effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on cortical evoked potentials]. / Vliianie del'ta-9 tetragidrokanabinola na vyzvannye potentsialy kory golovnogo mozga.

It has been shown on cats with the help of the registration of evoked potentials of the visual, somatosensory and associative areas of the brain cortex that delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg diminishes the amplitude of the primary responses in all the areas whereas in a dose of 3.5 mg/kg it influences both early and late components of evoked potentials interfering with their similarity in the definite areas of the brain cortex.

[Effect of testosterone on ethanol oxidation during chronic alcoholism in castrated rats]. / Vliianie testosterona na okislenie étanola pri khronicheskom alkogolizme u kastrirovannykh krys.

It has been shown in non-alcoholized male rats that castration significantly and appreciably raises the level of endogenous ethanol. In chronic alcoholization of castrated and non-castrated rats, the rate of ethanol elimination (REE) is noticeably increased, with testosterone producing no essential effect on the REE. In the liver, alcohol dehydrogenase activity rises insignificantly under the effect of testosterone, whereas aldehyde dehydrogenase activity declines 30--100%.

[Mediator nature of the action of cathinone on animal behavior]. / Nekotorye aspekty mediatornoi prirody deistviia katinona an provedenie zhivotnykh.

The influence of catinon on visual differentiation was studied in cat experiments by the methods of conditioned avoidance. It turned out that catinon (1 mg/kg) worsened the differentiation of both short and prolonged visual stimuli. These effects of catinon were potentiated when the serotoninergic system was activated and were weakened when the dopaminergic system was activated.

Mediator mechanisms of cathinone effects on animal behaviour.

The effect of cathinone on the visual differentiation of cats was investigated by the method of defense conditioned reflexes. It was found that cathinone decreases the differentiation of both the short-term and prolonged visual stimuli. These effects of cathinone increase when the serotoninergic system is activated and decrease under dopaminergic system activation.

[Monoaminergic component in the effect of D-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on conditioned reflex activity]. / Monoaminergicheskii komponent vo vliianii D-9-tetragidrokanabinola na uslovnoreflektornuiu deiatel'nost'.

The involvement of monoaminergic system in the realization of the effect of D-9-hydrocannabinol on different parameters of the conditioned reflex was examined on cats. It appeared that the effect of D-9-cannabinol on the differentiation of long-term and short-term stimuli depends but to a different degree on the activity of both the serotoninergic and catecholaminergic systems. The effect of D-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the rate of the performance of the conditioned reflex depends on the activity of the dopaminergic system.

[Features of the effects of apomorphine on rats of different sexes preferring ethyl alcohol]. / Osobennosti deistviia apomorfina na krys raznogo pola, predpochitaiushchikh étilovyi spirt.

The influence of apomorphine (1 mg/kg/day subcutaneously) on the behavior and some pharmacokinetic parameters of both male and female rats preferring ethanol to water was studied experimentally. Upon withdrawal of ethanol, apomorphine decreased the time of transmission to water consumption in the rats of both sexes and prevented a decline in the endogenous ethanol levels, the latter effect being especially pronounced in the female rats. Investigations on the "Animex" actograph showed an intensified response to apomorphine in rats preferring ethanol, with female rats displaying a greater change in the response. Under conditions of a renewed access to ethanol, apomorphine increased the time of the restoration of the previous preference for ethanol to water (with a stronger effect seen in females) and lowered the rate of ethanol elimination from the blood (in the female rats exclusively). The effacement of the sex differences in ethanol addicted rats, and a greater damaging impact of ethanol on female rats are emphasized.

[Characteristics of the formation of an ethanol preference in rats of both sexes]. / Osobennosti formirovaniia predpochteniia étanola u krys raznogo pola.

A high level of initial alcoholic motivation in females is associated with a high metabolic rate as regards ethanol and a low one as regards acetaldehyde in the estrus. The diestrus period is little characteristic in this respect. A high level of alcoholic motivation in males is associated with a high metabolic rate of ethanol and a low one of acetaldehyde. The risk of ethanol preference to water formation is 1.5-2 times higher in male rats than in female ones.