ABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of intravenous (IV) bicarbonate in preventing radiocontrast nephropathy (RCN). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight Wistar rats were randomized into four groups including control (group 1), radiocontrast (group 2), bicarbonate (group 3), and radiocontrast plus bicarbonate (group 4). Once blood chemistry and arterial blood gases were examined and 24 h urine samples were collected, all rats were administered furosemide (2 mg/kg subcutaneous) and deprived of water for 24 h. Iothalamate sodium (6 mL/kg) was administered to group 2 and group 4. IV bicarbonate (8.4%) was administered to group 3 and group 4 (3 h before the administration of iothalamate). On the fourth day, 24 h urine was collected, and at the end of the day rats were sacrificed and blood chemistry and arterial blood gases were reexamined. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), total glutathione, and malondialdehyde were quantified on the renal tissue. H&E slides were examined. RESULTS: Basal creatinine and creatinine clearance were similar between groups. There was no significant difference between creatinine and creatinine clearance by the end of the experiment. Glutathione level in group 2 was lower than in group 4. Histopathologically, there was no injury in the control group (group 1) whereas there was an intermediate-severe injury (71.4%) in the radiocontrast group (group 2). The percentage of intermediate-severe injury was significantly lower (71.4% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.02) in the radiocontrast plus bicarbonate group (group 4). CONCLUSIONS: Sodium bicarbonate attenuates the development of radiocontrast-induced tubular necrosis.
Subject(s)
Contrast Media/adverse effects , Ioxaglic Acid/adverse effects , Kidney Diseases/chemically induced , Kidney Diseases/prevention & control , Sodium Bicarbonate/therapeutic use , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Infusions, Intravenous , Kidney Diseases/pathology , Kidney Function Tests , Oxidative Stress , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Umbilical cord blood was collected immediately after parturition in full term neonates during Caesarean section under either general or epidural anaesthesia. Using a radioimmunoassay technique, beta-endorphin concentrations were measured in the plasma of neonates and Apgar scores were evaluated. The mean value of beta-endorphin was 56.80 +/- 14.35 (pg mL-1) in the general anaesthesia group, and 53.17 +/- 10.58 (pg mL-1) in the epidural anaesthesia group (N.S.).
