[Molecular genetic methods of typing of the Bartonellae].

The primer systems for the PCR detection of four house-keeping genes of bartonellae in clinical material were developed and tested. The tactics of the species RFLP typing was also developed and tested. The scheme of the species RFLP typing of bartonellae was tested using as an example two strains for the first time isolated in Russia from patients with endocarditis and fever of uncertain origin. The results of the typing were supported by sequencing of the amplicons obtained. According to the sequencing the isolates were attributed to the sub species Bartonella vinsonii, subsp. arupensis. The necessity of molecular epidemiological analysis of bartonelloses in Russia was substantiated.

[Local defense mechanisms in chronic nonspecific pulmonary inflammation]. / Mestnye mekhanizmy zashchity pri khronicheskom nespetsificheskom vospalenii v legkikh.

The mechanisms of non-immune and immune injuries in chronic nonspecific lung inflammation are analysed on the basis of authors' research and literature. The data given concern the changes of the bronchial mucociliary transport system, incomplete functions of alveolar macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils in chronic inflammatory foci, increase in the number of intra- and extracellular bacteria, metabolism of lung phagocytes in different chronic inflammatory lung diseases. The urgency of lung phagocyte and lymphocyte investigation both in specific cellular and humoral immune reactions, as well as in realization of immunopathologic mechanisms developing in chronic inflammation is emphasized.

[Morphologic lung changes in a female patient with Zivert-Kartagener's syndrome]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia v legkikh u bol'noi s sindromom Ziverta-Kartagenera.

Histologic and ultrastructural pulmonary changes in a female with a classical Zivert-Kartagener's syndrome are described. Congenital anomalies of the columnar epithelium brushes as well as defects acquired in the process of inflammation (decreased number and various length of bruches with their orientation disturbances, additional doublets and the lack of basal bodies) were revealed at transmission and scanning microscopy level. Follicular bronchiectasis, chronic pneumonia, dystelectasies, emphysema result from the mucociliary clearance disturbance and are of an acquired nature.

[Morphology and pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis]. / Morfologiia i patogenez khronicheskogo bronkhita.

Histologic and ultrastructural features of the chronic catarrhal bronchitis are presented and its pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed. An important role in the development of bronchitis of the mucociliary transport system damage, retention of the mucus and bacterial contamination of the respiratory tract is analysed. Current hypothesis of the chronic bronchitis development based on the disturbance of the protease-antiprotease and oxidative-antioxidative balance is presented. The data on the role of the specific and non-specific local immune mechanisms of the lung defence in the development of the exacerbations are given.