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1.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 172(1): 77-80, 2021 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34797450

ABSTRACT

Biodistribution of nanodiamonds in mice after intravenous administration, activities of AST and ALT, and the level of bilirubin in the blood plasma were studied in 2.5 h and 10, 35, and 97 days after injection of nanodiamonds. In 2.5 h after intravenous injection, nanodiamonds mainly accumulate in the lungs and liver. Then, redistribution of nanodiamonds from all organs to the liver was observed. Activities of AST and ALT and the level of bilirubin in the blood increased after 2.5 h and then decreased to the initial values.


Subject(s)
Liver/metabolism , Lung/metabolism , Nanodiamonds/analysis , Plasma/chemistry , Administration, Intravenous , Alanine Transaminase/metabolism , Animals , Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism , Bilirubin/analysis , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred ICR , Nanotechnology , Tissue Distribution
2.
Dokl Biochem Biophys ; 477(1): 394-397, 2017 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29297115

ABSTRACT

In model experiments in vitro, the applicability of the EPR spectrometry method for the detection of modified nanodiamonds (MNDs) in blood and homogenates of mouse organs has been established. A characteristic signal (g = 2.003, ΔH ≈ 10 G) is observed in the samples of biomaterials containing MNDs, the intensity of which increases linearly with the concentration of nanoparticles in the range of 1.6-200 µg MNDs per 1 mL of the sample. The EPR method in biomaterials reveals the presence of intrinsic paramagnetic centers, signals from which are superimposed on the signal from the MNDs. However, the intensity of these signals is small, which makes it possible to register the MNDs using EPR spectrometry with the necessary accuracy. The data obtained open up the prospects of using the EPR method for studies of the interorgan distribution, accumulation, and elimination of MNDs during their intravenous injection into experimental animals.


Subject(s)
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy , Nanodiamonds/analysis , Animals , Blood Chemical Analysis , Brain Chemistry , Kidney/chemistry , Liver/chemistry , Mice , Myocardium/chemistry , Spleen/chemistry
3.
Dokl Biochem Biophys ; 469(1): 244-6, 2016 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27599503

ABSTRACT

Adsorption of viral particles from the blood plasma of patients with viral hepatitis B and C on modified nanodiamonds (MNDs) was shown in the in vitro experiments. PCR method showed the treatment of plasma with MNDs leads to a decrease in the viral load by 2-3 orders of magnitude or more in both cases studied. These results make it possible to predict the applicability of MNDs for the development of new technologies of hemodialysis and plasmapheresis for binding and removal of viral particles from the blood of infected patients.


Subject(s)
Hepatitis B/blood , Hepatitis B/therapy , Hepatitis C/blood , Hepatitis C/therapy , Nanodiamonds/therapeutic use , Virion/metabolism , Adsorption , DNA, Viral/blood , Humans , Particle Size , Plasmapheresis/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Viral/blood , Renal Dialysis/methods , Treatment Outcome , Viral Load
4.
Dokl Biochem Biophys ; 465: 428-31, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26728741

ABSTRACT

A reusable system including urease covalently bound to the surface of modified nanodiamonds (MNDs) has been developed for the multiple determination of urea. The immobilized enzyme exhibits functional activity and catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to yield ammonia. The presence of ammonia is confirmed by the formation of a colored product after the addition of chemical reagents. It was shown that the MNDs-urease complex can function in a wide range of temperatures and pH as well as in deionized water. The complex provides a linear yield of the product at low analyte concentrations and allows the multiple determination of urea in vitro.


Subject(s)
Nanodiamonds/chemistry , Urea/chemistry , Ammonia/analysis , Hydrolysis , Urea/analysis , Urease/chemistry
6.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 154(6): 781-4, 2013 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23658923

ABSTRACT

In vitro experiments showed that protein and non-protein components of human blood serum could be absorbed on the surface of modified nanodiamonds obtained by detonation synthesis. The prospects of using nanodiamond as a new absorbent for hemodialysis, plasmapheresis, and laboratory diagnostics are discussed.


Subject(s)
Blood Proteins/chemistry , Nanodiamonds/chemistry , Adsorption , Adult , Hemodialysis Solutions/chemistry , Humans , Lipids/chemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Plasmapheresis , Young Adult
8.
Klin Lab Diagn ; (11): 35-9, 2013 Nov.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24640108

ABSTRACT

It is established that the modified nano-diamonds of detonation synthesis are able to bind serum proteins of human blood. The relative selectivity is established concerning the effect of modified nano-diamonds of detonation synthesis on beta2- and gamma-globulin fractions of serum. The evidence of concentration dependence of effect of modified nano-diamonds of detonation synthesis from serum proteins is established. The study results make it possible to consider modified nano-diamonds of detonation synthesis as a potential sorbent in technologies of hemodialysis, plasmapheresis, isolation of blood proteins and as a foundation for development of new systems of laboratory diagnostic.


Subject(s)
Blood Proteins/isolation & purification , Diamond/administration & dosage , Nanostructures/administration & dosage , Adsorption , Adult , Blood Proteins/chemistry , Blood Proteins/metabolism , Diamond/chemistry , Humans , Male , Nanostructures/chemistry , Young Adult
12.
Vopr Med Khim ; 33(3): 85-8, 1987.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2820145

ABSTRACT

Emotional stress during 20 min induced the stimulation of the glutathione peroxidase activity in heart, liver and kidney tissues and the activation of glutathione-S-transferase in heart and liver tissues. gamma-Glutamyl transferase activity was inhibited in liver and kidney tissues. The alterations were gradually decreased in heart greater than or equal to liver greater than kidney. Both catecholamines (in vivo) and cAMP (in vitro) produced the same effects. Close correlation between the stress and cAMP actions on the glutathione metabolizing enzymes was found. No changes of glutathione reductase activity was observed in all the tissues studied.


Subject(s)
Glutathione/metabolism , Stress, Psychological/metabolism , Animals , Catecholamines/physiology , Cyclic AMP/physiology , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Glutathione Reductase/metabolism , Glutathione Transferase/metabolism , Male , Mice , Oxygen Consumption , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Stress, Psychological/enzymology , Tissue Distribution
13.
Biull Eksp Biol Med ; 95(5): 59-61, 1983 May.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6303476

ABSTRACT

Fourteen hours after partial hepatectomy there was a decrease in basal disulfide reductase and glutathione reductase activity in cytosole fraction of proliferating hepatocytes. In nuclear fraction, the activation effect of cAMP and cGMP on the disulfide recovery was replaced by inhibition. Meanwhile the activity of glutathione reductase noticeably increased. Forty-five hours after operation disulfide reductase activity of cytosole appreciably rose during maximal mitotic activity of the regenerating liver. The data obtained provide evidence in favor of the involvement of disulfide reductase enzymes into reparative regeneration of the liver.


Subject(s)
Liver Regeneration , Liver/enzymology , Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Protein Disulfide Reductase (Glutathione)/metabolism , Animals , Cell Nucleus/enzymology , Cyclic AMP/pharmacology , Cyclic GMP/pharmacology , Cytosol/enzymology , Enzyme Activation , Female , Glutathione Reductase/metabolism , Male , Mice
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