ABSTRACT
The first step of the herpes virus infection is the attachment to heparan sulfate molecules on the cellular membrane. In order to improve the characterization of this phenomenon, we compared the inhibitory effect of six sulfated polyelectrolytes (PE): heparin, heparan, low molecular weight heparin, chondroitin, dextran and protamine on plaque formation by pseudorabies virus (PRV) were compared. The PE with the highest antiherpetic effect was heparin, followed by dextran sulfate. Heparan sulfate, which has been proposed as the initial receptor of herpes virus on the cell surface showed an effect 100-fold lower than heparin. Comparative inhibition curves of heparin and heparan sulfate against three herpes viruses: herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), HSV 2 and PRV showed similar kinetics of inhibition of plaque formation, suggesting these viruses could share similar cell adsorption mechanisms.
Subject(s)
Alphaherpesvirinae/drug effects , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Glycosaminoglycans/pharmacology , Heparin/pharmacology , Heparitin Sulfate/pharmacology , Animals , Cattle , Electrolytes/pharmacology , Sulfates/pharmacologySubject(s)
Cell Transformation, Viral , Genetic Vectors , Plasmids , Simian virus 40/genetics , Animals , Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming , Antigens, Viral, Tumor/genetics , Antigens, Viral, Tumor/physiology , Cell Line , Cricetinae , Kidney , Mesocricetus , Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics , Oncogene Proteins, Viral/physiology , Simian virus 40/physiologySubject(s)
Bacteriological Techniques , Culture Techniques/methods , Fibroblasts/microbiology , Mycoplasma/isolation & purification , Acridine Orange , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Chlorocebus aethiops , Cricetinae , Fluorescence , HeLa Cells , Humans , Mesocricetus , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Staining and LabelingABSTRACT
Rotaviruses and other enteropathogenic agents were detected in 288 (42.1%) of 684 children in day care centers of Instituto Politecnico Nacional in Mexico City. The same agents were also found in 114 (37.7%) of 302 adults directly involved in the care of the children. The study was carried out from July to December 1982 and from July 1983 to February 1984. Rotaviruses were the main enteropathogenic agents found and were detected in 169 (29.9%) of 564 children without diarrhea and in 34 (28.3%) of 120 children with diarrhea. These viruses were present in 62 (20.5%) of 302 adults without diarrhea. Of all rotavirus-positive individuals, 20% were also positive for other enteropathogens. All these observations indicate that asymptomatic rotavirus infections are not a rare event in children and that diarrhea caused by rotavirus infections is only one of the expressions of their presence.
