ABSTRACT
In this work, Fourier integral microscope (FIMic), an ultimate design of 3D-integral microscopy, is presented. By placing a multiplexing microlens array at the aperture stop of the microscope objective of the host microscope, FIMic shows extended depth of field and enhanced lateral resolution in comparison with regular integral microscopy. As FIMic directly produces a set of orthographic views of the 3D-micrometer-sized sample, it is suitable for real-time imaging. Following regular integral-imaging reconstruction algorithms, a 2.75-fold enhanced depth of field and [Formula: see text]-time better spatial resolution in comparison with conventional integral microscopy is reported. Our claims are supported by theoretical analysis and experimental images of a resolution test target, cotton fibers, and in-vivo 3D-imaging of biological specimens.
ABSTRACT
This work reports the use of a liquid chromatography ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (LC-IT-MS/MS) system for quantification in human milk samples of both carbamazepine (CBZ) and its active metabolite, carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide (CBZE). An octadecyl restricted-access media bovine serum albumin column (RAM-BSA C(18)) was used in single-column mode. Selectivity, extraction efficiency, accuracy and precision were achieved employing 100 µL of the sample, without preparation, with detection limits of 20.0 ng/mL for CBZ and 40.0 ng/mL for CBZE. The matrix effect was investigated for the compounds by post-column infusion (qualitative) and by on-line extraction (quantitative). It was observed suppression effect for CBZ and CBZE by post-column infusion, ion suppression of 0.80 for CBZ, and enhancement of 1.28 for CBZE by on-line extraction. The developed method was validated and applied to analyze breast milk samples from one nursing mother. CBZ and CBZE were quantified in the concentrations of 2.26 µg/mL and 1.54 µg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the simultaneous determination of CBZ and its active metabolite by direct injection of human milk serum.
Subject(s)
Carbamazepine/analysis , Chromatography, Liquid/methods , Milk, Human/chemistry , Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods , Animals , Carbamazepine/metabolism , Cattle , Chromatography, Liquid/instrumentation , Drug Residues , Female , Humans , Limit of Detection , Linear Models , Milk, Human/metabolism , Reproducibility of Results , Serum Albumin, Bovine/chemistryABSTRACT
In multi-view three-dimensional imaging, to capture the elemental images of distant objects, the use of a field-like lens that projects the reference plane onto the microlens array is necessary. In this case, the spatial resolution of reconstructed images is equal to the spatial density of microlenses in the array. In this paper we report a simple method, based on the realization of double snapshots, to double the 2D pixel density of reconstructed scenes. Experiments are reported to support the proposed approach.
Subject(s)
Depth Perception/physiology , Fatigue/prevention & control , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/instrumentation , Lenses , Motion Pictures/instrumentation , Photography/instrumentation , Accommodation, Ocular/physiology , Algorithms , Convergence, Ocular/physiology , Equipment Design , HumansABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: In order to know the efficiency, tolerance and acceptance of Sildenafil Citrate in our area as a new treatment for Eréctil Dysfunction (E.D.). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We include 100 patients with E.D. who were assisted in our medical office from November 1998 to February 2000 to evaluate them according to several predeterminated variables. RESULTS: The positive response index (E.D. improvement) was 69.9%. We only found side effects in 11.8% (headache 5.4%, flushing 4.3%, diarrhea/blurred vision 2.2%). The most widely used dose was 50 mgrs (65.6%). Only 50.5% of the patients had enough information about Sildenafil. The highest positive response index corresponded to the mild E.D. (76.1%). Also the best results were achieved with the mixed and psychological etiology (74.1%). The Sildenafil treatment was rejected (fear or its price) by the 46.2% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: The Sildenafil Citrate is an effective treatment for the E.D. It hardly has any side effects. The 50 mgrs dose got the best results. Almost half of the patients complained about an insufficient information on this pharmaceutical. Sildenafil got a good response even when there were risk associated factors of E.D.
Subject(s)
Erectile Dysfunction/drug therapy , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Piperazines/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Purines , Sildenafil Citrate , SulfonesABSTRACT
The acute Epididymitis is a very uncommon disease in children under 3 years old. We present the clinic case in a suckling child of 3 months old with onset of an acute scrotum, being necessary the surgical exploration to define the exact diagnosis of acute Epididymitis. We make a revision on world medical references and found out a very low incidence in children under 1 year old (0.7-3%); so it is considered of interest to publish it with the double finality to be taken into account in the presence of an acute scrotum and to contribute with a new case of this unusual pathology in babies under 1 year old.
Subject(s)
Epididymitis , Acute Disease , Epididymitis/diagnosis , Epididymitis/pathology , Humans , Infant , MaleABSTRACT
Se analiza la casuistica de 4 anos de trabajo en un centro quirurgico para ancianos En 93 pacientes operados con la tecnica de plastica anal por estenosis anal postoperatoria seguidas durante 1 ano, se observo una curacion del 94,6%
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Anus Diseases , Postoperative ComplicationsABSTRACT
Se analiza la casuistica de 4 anos de trabajo en un centro quirurgico para ancianos En 93 pacientes operados con la tecnica de plastica anal por estenosis anal postoperatoria seguidas durante 1 ano, se observo una curacion del 94,6%
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Complications , Anus DiseasesSubject(s)
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/diagnostic imaging , Kidney Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Kidney Pelvis , Ureteral Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Aged , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology , Humans , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , Kidney Pelvis/diagnostic imaging , Kidney Pelvis/pathology , Male , Radiography , Ureteral Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
The authors present a case of primitive malignant melanoma of the penis. At the same time they make a review of the world bibliography on this illness, in which they find only 50 cases published. They make a series of comments on the peculiar evolution of the case presented, in comparison to those described. They feel that the most important factor of the case presented is its rarity and the diagnostic difficulties involved.
