Exercise deprivation increases negative mood in exercise-addicted subjects and modifies their biochemical markers.

The aim of this study was to identify the possible association between biochemical markers of exercise addiction and affective parameters in a sample of athletes during 2weeks of withdrawal exercise. Eighteen male runners were distributed into a control group (n=10) composed of runners without exercise addiction symptoms and an exercise addiction group (n=8) composed of runners with exercise addiction symptoms. The volunteers performed a baseline evaluation that included affective questionnaires, blood samples, body composition and an aerobic test performed at ventilatory threshold I. After the baseline evaluation, the groups started an exercise withdrawal period that was sustained for 2weeks. During exercise withdrawal, an actigraph accelerometer was used to monitor the movement index, and CK and LDH were measured in blood samples to validate the non-exercise practice. At the end of the exercise withdrawal period, a blood collection, aerobic test and mood scale was performed in the re-test. The results showed that at the end of the experimental protocol, when compared with the control group, the exercise addiction group showed an increase in depression, confusion, anger, fatigue and decreased vigor mood that improved post-exercise, along with low levels of anandamide at all time-points evaluated and a modest increase in ß-endorphin post-exercise. Moreover, the exercise addiction group showed a decrease in oxygen consumption and respiratory exchange ratio after the exercise withdrawal period, which characterized a detraining phenomenon. Our data suggest that a 2-week withdrawal exercise period resulted in an increase of negative mood in exercise addiction; additionally, exercise addiction showed low levels of anandamide.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida e do sono de atletas paralímpicos brasileiros / Evaluation of the quality of life and sleep in Brazilian paralympic athletes / Evaluación de la calidad de vida y sueño de atletas paralímpicos brasileños

INTRODUÇÃO: o esporte paralímpico brasileiro vem ganhando destaque no cenário mundial e, com isso, a avaliação de variáveis que possam influenciar positivamente no desempenho desses atletas é de suma importância para o acompanhamento durante o seu período de treinamento. OBJETIVO: avaliar a qualidade de vida e do sono de atletas paralímpicos brasileiros. MÉTODOS: foram estudados 49 atletas paralímpicos das modalidades natação (n=20) e atletismo (n=29). Os atletas responderam a questionários que avaliaram seu padrão e queixas de sono e qualidade de vida. RESULTADOS: a maioria dos atletas (65,30%) relatou má qualidade do sono, visto que a latência do sono neste grupo foi significativamente maior do que em atletas com boa qualidade de sono. Cinquenta por cento dos atletas relataram o desejo de fazer mudanças em seu horário de sono e 52% gostariam de aumentar o seu tempo de sono. A sonolência diurna excessiva foi observada em 53,06% dos atletas. Quanto às queixas de distúrbios do sono, foram relatados chute ou espasmos das pernas e ronco. Menores índices de qualidade de vida foram encontrados no meio ambiente em comparação com os domínios físicos, psicológicos ou sociais. CONCLUSÕES: os resultados sugerem que a maioria dos atletas apresentou uma má qualidade do sono e, consequentemente, um alto índice de insatisfação com o sono. Além disso, menores escores de qualidade de vida foram encontrados no domínio ambiental, que está relacionado com a segurança física, proteção e condições em casa. .

INTRODUCCTION: Brazilian paralympic sports are gaining prominence on the world stage. That's why the evaluation of some characteristics that may influence positively the athletes' performance is so important to be observed during the training sessions. OBJECTIVE: to assess the quality of life and sleep quality of Brazilian paralympic athletes. METHODS: 49 paralympic athletes participating in swimming (n=20) and athletics (n=29) were studied. The athletes answered questionnaires assessing their sleep patterns and complaints and their quality of life. RESULTS: most athletes (65,30%) reported poor sleep quality, and the sleep latency in this group was significantly greater than in the athletes with good sleep quality. Fifty percent of the athletes reported a desire to make changes in their sleep schedule and 52% would like to increase their sleep time. Excessive daytime sleepiness was observed in 53.06% of the athletes. Regarding complaints of sleep disorders, there were reported kicking or jerking of the legs and snore. Lower scores for quality of life were found in the environment if compared to the physical, psychological or social relationship domains. CONCLUSION: most athletes reported poor sleep quality and, consequently, a high index of dissatisfaction with their sleep. Moreover, lower quality of life scores were found in the environmental domain, which is related to physical safety, protection and conditions at home. .

INTRODUCCIÓN: El deporte paralímpico brasileño viene ganando destaque en el escenario mundial y con eso la evaluación de variables que puedan influenciar positivamente en el desempeño de esos atletas es de suma importancia para el acompañamiento durante su período de entrenamiento. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la calidad de vida y del sueño de atletas paralímpicos brasileños. MÉTODOS: Fueron estudiados 49 atletas paralímpicos de las modalidades natación (n=20) y atletismo (n=29). Los atletas respondieron a cuestionarios que evaluaron su estándar y quejas de sueño y calidad de vida. RESULTADOS: La mayoría de los atletas (65,30%) relató mala calidad del sueño, visto que la latencia del sueño en este grupo fue significativamente mayor que en atletas con buena calidad de sueño. Cincuenta por ciento de los atletas relató el deseo de hacer cambios en su horario de sueño, y a 52% le gustaría aumentar su tiempo de sueño. La somnolencia diurna excesiva fue observada en 53,06% de los atletas. Cuanto a las quejas de disturbios del sueño, fueron relatadas patadas o espasmos de las piernas y ronquido. Menores valores de calidad de vida fueron encontrados en el medio ambiente en comparación con los dominios físicos, psicológicos o sociales. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados sugieren que la mayoría de los atletas presentó una mala calidad del sueño y, consiguientemente, un alto índice de insatisfacción con el sueño. Además, menores valores de calidad de vida fueron encontrados en el dominio ambiental, que está relacionado con la seguridad física, protección y condiciones en casa. .

Physiological and electroencephalographic responses to acute exhaustive physical exercise in people with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

Although the available evidence suggests that exercise may positively affect epilepsy, whether this effect is applicable to different types of epilepsy has not been established. Physiological responses during rest, acute physical effort, and a recovery period were studied by concomitant analysis of cerebral electric activity using EEGs in subjects with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and healthy controls. In addition, level of habitual physical activity, body composition, and 1 week of actigraphy monitoring data were evaluated. Twenty-four subjects (12 with JME and 12 controls) participated in this study. Compared with the control group, the JME group had a significantly lower V˙O(2) at rest (13.3%) and resting metabolic rate (15.6%). The number of epileptiform discharges in the JME group was significantly reduced during the recovery period (72%) compared with the resting state. There were no significant differences between the JME and control groups in behavioral outcomes and sleep parameters evaluated by actigraphy monitoring. The positive findings of our study strengthen the evidence for the benefits of physical exercise for people with JME.

Sleep complaints and polysomnographic findings: a study of nuclear power plant shift workers.

The literature widely recognizes that shift workers have more health complaints than the general population. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of sleep complaints and verify the polysomnographic (PSG) variables of shift workers in two Brazilian nuclear power plants. We carried out a subjective evaluation with a sleep questionnaire. Based on these results, the interviewees that reported sleep-related complaints were referred for polysomnographic evaluation. Of the 327 volunteers initially evaluated by the sleep questionnaire, 113 (35%) reported sleep complaints; they were significantly older, had higher body mass index (BMI), and worked more years on shifts than those without sleep complaints. Of these 113, 90 met criteria for various sleep disorders: 30 (9%) showed obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), 18 (5.5%) showed limb movement, and 42 (13%) evidenced both sleep problems and had a significantly higher proportion of sleep stage 1 and arousals compared with the 23 shift workers that had no indices of sleep problems. The present study found that 90 (27.5%) of the evaluated participants met the PSG criteria of some type of clinical sleep disorder. This high proportion should be investigated for associations with other aspects of work, such as working hours, working schedule, years performing shift work, and access to health services. Due to the strong association between sleep disorders and the incidence of fatigue and sleepiness, the evaluation of the sleep patterns and complaints of shift workers is essential and should be considered to be one of the basic strategies of industry to prevent accidents.