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1.
Rev. bras. plantas med ; 17(4,supl.3): 1103-1111, 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-776603

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O gênero Brunfelsia possui ainda poucas informações a respeito de sua composição química ou confirmações científicas de suas propriedades medicinais, apesar do uso na medicina tradicional pelos povos amazônicos. Este trabalho buscou caracterizar a espécie Brunfelsia cuneifolia, cultivada no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, quanto a sua composição química e atividade biológica. Foram obtidos extratos aquosos a quente, a frio, e por ultrassom, a partir de folhas frescas. A caracterização química realizada por CLAE determinou a presença dos compostos fenólicos: ácido ferúlico e rutina, em todos os extratos, sendo as maiores quantidades apresentadas pela extração a frio. A análise por EMAR identificou a fórmula molecular de nove substâncias nos diferentes extratos, incluindo a presença do alcaloide brunfelsamidina em todos os extratos obtidos. Para a atividade biológica, devido à similaridade de resposta e teor nas diferentes formas de extração, foi possível correlacionar a atividade antioxidante, avaliada através da redução do radical DPPH*, com o teor de compostos fenólicos totais obtidos pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteu. A toxicidade dos extratos avaliada pela utilização de Artemia salina revelou ausência de toxidez. Os resultados obtidos são os primeiros apresentados para a caracterização desta espécie, colaborando também para a pesquisa científica acerca dos usos popularmente atribuídos ao gênero.


ABSTRACT There is still not a lot of information about the Brunfelsiagenus. Its respective chemical composition and possible scientific proofs of its medicinal properties were not deeply researched, even though the use of the species is common in the traditional medicine of Amazonian populations. This study aimed to characterize the Brunfelsia cuneifolia species, grown in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, regarding its chemical composition and biological activity. Hot, cold and ultrasound aqueous extracts of fresh leaves were obtained. The chemical characterization performed by the HPLC determined the presence of phenolic compounds, ferulic acid and rutin in all extracts, with the largest amount presented by the cold extraction method. The HRMS analysis identified the molecular formula of nine substances in different extracts, including the presence of the alkaloid brunfelsamidina in all the extracts. For biological activity, it was possible to correlate the measured antioxidant activity through the reduction of DPPH * with the content of phenolic compounds obtained by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, which exhibited similar response and content in the different forms of extraction. The toxicity of the extracts evaluated through the use of Artemia salina was negative. The obtained results are the first ones presented for the characterization of this species, also contributing to scientific research on the popular applications related to this genus.


Subject(s)
Franciscaea uniflora/analysis , Chemistry , Solanaceae/chemistry , Toxicity , Phenolic Compounds/classification , Antioxidants/chemistry
2.
Nutr. hosp ; 27(4): 1114-1119, jul.-ago. 2012.
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-106255

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess the validity of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) by applying it to children and adolescents living in Salvador, Bahia. Methods: The validity of this FFQ with 98 food items was investigated among 108 children and adolescents who were selected from a sample of 1445 that had been planned for a study on the risk factors for asthma and other allergic diseases. The adults responsible for these children and adolescents gave responses for a 24-hour recall (R24h) and an FFQ. The average energy and nutrient values from the FFQ were compared with those from the R24h by means of the paired t test and Pearson correlation coefficients. The concordance was evaluated using the Bland-Altman method and kappa statistics. Results: The energy and nutrient intake estimated using the FFQ was significantly higher than what was obtained using the R24h. The correlation coefficients adjusted for energy were statistically significant for protein, fat, vitamin C and zinc. The weighted kappa values ranged from 0.06 for vitamin A (p = 0.24) to 0.34 for energy (p < 0.00). The results from the Bland-Altman plots for lipid, protein and zinc showed the most significant validity parameters, and zinc was found to show the best concordance. Conclusion: The results suggest that the FFQ showed satisfactory validity for use in studies involving children and adolescents (AU)


Objetivo: Evaluar la validez de un cuestionario de frecuencia de alimentos (QFA) aplicándolo a niños y adolescentes residentes en Salvador, Bahía. Métodos: Se investigó la validez de este QFA con 98 ítems de alimentos en 108 niños y adolescentes seleccionados a partir de una muestra de 1.445 planificados para un estudio sobre los factores de riesgo para asma y otras enfermedades alérgicas. Los adultos responsables de estos niños y adolescentes proporcionaron respuestas para un recuerdo de 24 horas (R24h) y el QFA. Los valores promedio de energía y nutrientes procedentes del QFA se compararon con los del R24h mediante una prueba t de student y los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson. La concordancia se evaluó usando el método de Bland-Altman y el estadístico kappa. Resultados: El consumo estimado de energía y nutrientes usando el QFA fue significativamente superior que el obtenido usando el R24h. Los coeficientes de correlación ajustados para la energía fueron estadísticamente significativos para proteínas, grasas, vitamina C y cinc. Los valores ponderados por kappa variaron desde 0,06 para la vitamina A (p = 0,24) hasta 0,34 para la energía (p < 0,00). Los resultados de las gráficas de Bland-Altman para los lípidos, proteínas y cinc mostraron los parámetros más significativos para la validez y se halló que el cinc tenía la mejor concordancia. Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren que el QFA mostró una validez satisfactoria para ser usado en estudios con niños y adolescentes (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Nutrition Surveys/methods , Feeding Behavior , Nutrients/analysis , Feeding Behavior , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Cad Saude Publica ; 16(3): 613-4, 2000 Jul.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11035499
7.
Cad Saude Publica ; 13(2): 237-244, 1997 Apr.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10886853

ABSTRACT

The objective of this survey was to determine the prevalence of anemia and potential determinants thereof in 754 children from urban areas of seven small towns in the semi-arid region of Bahia. Hemoglobin was measured in 745 children 1 to 72 months of age. For the 6-to-72 month-old group, hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dl was considered anemia (following WHO recommendations) whereas <9.5 g/dl was considered severe anemia. The same cutoffs were used for children under 6 months, which are the same ones used in clinical-hematology. A mean hemoglobin of 12.1 g/dl was found, distributed differently according to age groups (p=0.001). The study found prevalences of 22.2 % for anemia and 5.8% for severe anemia, respectively. Occurrence of anemia varied significantly with age (p=0.001); the highest prevalence was 50.0% in children 12 to 23 months of age, followed by 29.9% in children below 12 months. The association of anemia with mother's education (controlled for age) and per capita family income was not statistically significant.

8.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: cfc-182432

ABSTRACT

Arquivos disponíveis para leitura, audição e/ou download nos ícones ao lado.

9.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: cfc-182261

ABSTRACT

A coordenadora conduziu um debate entre as duas áreas no âmbito da perspectiva multidisciplinar da saúde pública, das tensões entre as diferentes áreas e das possibilidades de abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas. Arquivo disponível para audição e/ou download no ícone ao lado.

10.
Open educational resource in Portuguese | CVSP - Brazil | ID: cfc-182259

ABSTRACT

Apontou a definição de epidemiologia como "o estudo da distribuição e dos determinantes de estados e eventos relacionados à saúde de populações, e a aplicação deste conhecimento para a resolução ou prevenção dos problemas de saúde já existentes ou que poderão existir". Segundo o professor, a epidemiologia tem suas origens em diferentes tradições que buscavam entender a saúde das populações, os seus determinantes e os meios de intervir no sentido de modificá-los. Arquivos disponíveis para leitura, audição e/ou download nos ícones ao lado.

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