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1.
Texto & contexto enferm ; 33: e20230169, 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1560562

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct an item bank to measure risk self-medication and assess its content validity. Method: this is a methodological study carried out from May to October 2022, with two phases: 1) item bank elaboration in the light of medication literacy and Theory of Planned Behavior based on a scoping review; and 2) content validity by twenty-two health experts. The Content Validity Index, Content Validity Ratio, binomial exact test for small samples and intraclass correlation coefficient were calculated. Results: Risk Self-Medication construct item elaboration was based on a broad review of solidified national and international publications in the health area. The definitions were approved by judges, with their respective domains. In the first version, the bank contained 136 items. Two rounds of analysis were carried out with judges, which resulted in the removal of 87 items. The final version presented 49 items, distributed across three domains: Medication literacy; Behavioral intention; and Behavior. The total Content Validity Index was 0.89, with excellent reliability (0.964). There was significant disagreement in the attribution of scores among judges (p>0.05) in some items. Conclusion: the item bank has satisfactory content. It is recommended to undergo semantic analysis and subsequent structure validity.


RESUMEN Objetivo: construir un banco de ítems para medir el riesgo de automedicación y evaluar su validez de contenido. Método: estudio metodológico realizado de mayo a octubre de 2022, con dos fases: 1) elaboración del banco de ítems a la luz de la alfabetización en medicamentos y la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado a partir de una revisión del alcance; y 2) validez de contenido por veintidós expertos en salud. Se calcularon el Índice de Validez de Contenido, el Content Validity Ratio, la prueba exacta binomial para muestras pequeñas y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase. Resultados: la elaboración de los ítems del constructo Automedicación de Riesgo se basó en una amplia revisión de publicaciones nacionales e internacionales solidificadas en el área de la salud. Las definiciones fueron aprobadas por los jueces, con sus respectivos dominios. En la primera versión, el banco contenía 136 artículos. Se realizaron dos rondas de análisis con jueces, que resultaron en la eliminación de 87 ítems. La versión final presentó 49 ítems, distribuidos en tres dominios: alfabetización en medicina; Intención del comportamiento; y Comportamiento. El Índice de Validez de Contenido total fue de 0,89, con excelente confiabilidad (0,964). Hubo desacuerdo significativo en la atribución de puntuaciones entre los jueces (p>0,05) en algunos ítems. Conclusión: el banco de artículos tiene un contenido satisfactorio. Se recomienda someterse a un análisis semántico y posterior validez de la estructura interna.


RESUMO Objetivo: construir um banco de itens para mensuração da automedicação de risco e realizar sua validação de conteúdo. Método: estudo metodológico realizado no período de maio a outubro 2022, com duas fases: 1) elaboração do banco de itens, à luz do letramento em medicamentos e Teoria do Comportamento Planejado, a partir de revisão de escopo e 2) validação de conteúdo, por vinte e dois especialistas da saúde. Calculou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, Content Validity Ratio, teste exato binomial para amostras pequenas e coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. Resultados: a elaboração dos itens do constructo Automedicação de Risco foi fundamentada na ampla revisão de publicações nacionais e internacionais solidificadas na área da saúde. As definições foram aprovadas pelos juízes, com seus respectivos domínios. Na primeira versão, o banco continha 136 itens; foram realizadas duas rodadas de análises com juízes, que resultaram na remoção de 87 itens. A versão final apresentou 49 itens, distribuídos em três domínios: Letramento em medicamentos, Intenção do comportamento e Comportamento. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo total foi de 0,89, com confiabilidade excelente (0,964). Houve discordância significativa na atribuição da pontuação entre os juízes (p>0,05) em alguns itens. Conclusão: o banco de itens apresenta conteúdo satisfatório. Recomenda-se passar por análise semântica e posterior validação da estrutura interna.

2.
Texto & contexto enferm ; 32: e20230105, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1515606

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to examine the interprofessional education elements present in the integrated curricula of the Multiprofessional Residency Programs in Health in the cities from inland Rio Grande do Norte. Method: a documentary research study based on the analysis of three Pedagogical Course Projects with a quantitative approach. The data were extracted with the aid of an adapted instrument, processed in the Iramuteq software, presented in charts and in a dendrogram and analyzed by thematic categories and interpretively. Results: the text corpus was built from the organization of all the information through the adapted instrument and subsequently analyzed in Iramuteq through Descending Hierarchical Classification. The emergence of two main classes was identified: Class 3, which was subdivided into classes 1 and 2; and Class 4. From the keywords found in the dendrogram corresponding to each Class and their statistical similarity, it was possible to organize the classes into analysis categories, as follows: Class 3 - Interprofessional Education: Actors, contexts and strategies; and Class 4 - Methodological and evaluative strategies for building interprofessional competencies and skills. Through the Pedagogical Course Projects, a training process that values the development of competencies for teamwork, interprofessional and comprehensive care is indicated, based on the guiding principles of interprofessional education. Conclusion: there is an effort by the pedagogical projects to point to an integrated curriculum based on Interprofessional Education since, in their theoretical framework, they contribute fundamental principles for developing the teaching-learning process.


RESUMEN Objetivo: examinar los elementos de la educación interprofesional presentes en los planes de estudios integrados de los Programas de Residencia Multiprofesionales en Salud en las ciudades del interior do Rio Grande do Norte. Método: investigación documental a partir del análisis de tres Proyectos Pedagógicos de Carreras Universitarias con enfoque cuantitativo. Los datos se extrajeron con la ayuda de un instrumento adaptado, se los procesó en el programa de software Iramuteq, se presentaron en forma de cuadros y de dendrograma y se los analizó por categorías temáticas y en forma interpretativa. Resultados: el corpus de texto se elaboró a partir de organizar toda la información en el instrumento adaptado e, inmediatamente después, se lo analizó en Iramuteq por medio de Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente. Se identificaron dos clases principales: a Clase 3, que se subdividió en las clases 1 y 2; y Clase 4. A partir de las palabras clave presentes en el dendrograma de cada Clase y su similitud estadística, fue posible organizar las clases en categorías de análisis, a saber: Clase 3 - Educación interprofesional: Actores, contextos y estrategias; y Clase 4 - Estrategias metodológicas y evaluativas para desarrollar competencias y habilidades interprofesionales. A través de los Proyectos Pedagógicos de Carreras Universitarias, se señala un proceso formativo que valoriza el desarrollo de competencias para trabajo en equipo, interprofesional y cuidado integral, a partir de principios guía de la educación interprofesional. Conclusión: los proyectos pedagógicos se esfuerzan por indicar el camino a un plan de estudios integrado y fundamentado en la Educación Interprofesional, puesto que incluyen principios fundamentales para desarrollar el proceso de en enseñanza-aprendizaje en su marco teórico.


RESUMO Objetivo: examinar os elementos da educação interprofissional presentes nos currículos integrados das Residências Multiprofissionais em Saúde nas cidades do interior do Rio Grande do Norte. Método: pesquisa documental a partir da análise de três Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados de novembro de 2022 a janeiro de 2023 e extraídos com auxílio de um instrumento adaptado, processados no software Iramuteq, apresentados em quadros, dendograma e analisados por categorias temáticas e interpretativamente. Resultados: o corpus textual foi construído a partir da organização das informações através do instrumento adaptado e, logo após, analisado no Iramuteq por meio de Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. Identificou-se o surgimento de duas classes principais: a Classe 3, que se subdividiu em classe 1 e 2; e a Classe 4. A partir das palavras-chaves presentes no dendrograma de cada Classe e sua similaridade estatística, foi possível organizar as classes em categorias de análises, sendo: Classe 3 - Educação interprofissional: Atores, contextos e estratégias; e Classe 4 - Estratégias metodológicas e avaliativas para a construção de competências e habilidades interprofissionais. Indica-se, através dos Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso, um processo formativo que valoriza a construção de competências para um trabalho em equipe, interprofissional e cuidado integral, a partir de princípios norteadores da educação interprofissional. Conclusão: há um esforço dos projetos pedagógicos em apontar para um currículo integrado fundamentado em Educação Interprofissional, visto que trazem, em seu arcabouço teórico, princípios fundamentais para o desenvolvimento do processo ensino-aprendizagem.

3.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 37(4): 505-509, out.dez.2022. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1413232

ABSTRACT

Os sarcomas de partes moles são neoplasias malignas raras originadas do mesênquima, mais comumente encontradas em membros. A ressecção cirúrgica com margens livres acima de 1cm é fundamental para obter a cura do paciente. A radioterapia pode ser combinada ao tratamento em casos selecionados. A reconstrução dos membros superiores após ressecções alargadas é um desafio. O retalho miocutâneo do músculo grande dorsal (RMGD) é uma opção em casos de lesões em membros superiores, sobretudo terço proximal e médio do braço, com preservação da função do membro e fechamento primário da área de ressecção. Relatamos dois casos de ressecção e reconstrução do braço utilizando RMGD com foco na descrição da técnica cirúrgica.


Soft tissue sarcomas are rare malignant neoplasms arising from the mesenchyme, most commonly found in the limbs. Surgical resection with free margins greater than 1 cm is essential to obtain a cure for the patient. Radiation therapy can be combined with treatment in selected cases. Reconstruction of the upper limbs after extended resections is a challenge. The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap (LDMF) is an option in injuries to the upper limbs, especially the proximal and middle thirds of the arm, with preservation of limb function and primary closure of the resection area. We report two cases of arm resection and reconstruction using LDMF, focusing on the surgical technique description.

4.
Cogitare Enferm. (Online) ; 27: e83824, 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1404361

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar óbitos por Covid-19 em profissionais da enfermagem brasileira, confirmados com Covid-19, e em quarentena, internados ou falecidos, no Observatório do Conselho Nacional de Enfermagem. Método: estudo transversal, entre março de 2020 e agosto de 2021, no Brasil, via observatório do Conselho Federal de Enfermagem. Os dados foram analisados utilizando estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a prevalência de óbito por Covid-19 em profissionais da enfermagem brasileira foi de 2,5% (825/32.560), nos auxiliares de enfermagem 4,9% (109/2.224), estes com média de idade mais elevada (p< 0,0001). Apesar de 84,5% (27.508/32.560) da amostra ser feminina, a porcentagem de óbito foi maior no sexo masculino 5,2% (263/5.052) (p<0,0001). A regressão logística demonstrou que o sexo e a categoria profissional podem predizer o óbito por Covid-19 entre a enfermagem brasileira. Conclusão: o estudo contribui para evidenciar os riscos da categoria no enfrentamento da Covid-19 e repensar medidas para reduzir danos da pandemia nessa população.


ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze deaths due to COVID-19 in Brazilian Nursing professionals, with confirmed diagnoses of the disease and in quarantine, hospitalized or deceased, at the Federal Nursing Council Observatory. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted in Brazil between March 2020 and August 2021, via the Federal Nursing Council Observatory. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: the prevalence of death due to COVID-19 in Brazilian Nursing professionals was 2.5% (825/32,560) and 4.9% (109/2,224) in nursing assistants, these latter with a higher mean age (p<0.0001). Although 84.5% (27,508/32,560) of the sample was female, the percentage of deaths was higher in the male gender, with 5.2% (263/5,052) (p<0.0001). The logistic regression analysis showed that gender and professional category can predict deaths due to COVID-19 among Brazilian Nursing workers. Conclusion: the study contributes to evidencing the risks faced by the professional category in coping with COVID-19, as well as to rethinking measures to reduce the harms imposed by the pandemic on this population segment.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar los fallecimientos por COVID-19 entre profesionales de Enfermería brasileños, con diagnóstico confirmado de la enfermedad y en cuarentena, internados o fallecidos, en el Observatorio del Consejo Federal de Enfermería. Método: estudio transversal realizado en Brasil entre marzo de 2020 y agosto de 2021 a través del Observatorio del Consejo Federal de Enfermería. Los datos se analizaron por medio de estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: la prevalencia de fallecimientos por COVID-19 entre profesionales de Enfermería brasileños fue del 2,5% (825/32.560) y en auxiliares de enfermería fue del 4,9% (109/2.224), estos últimos con mayor media de edad (p<0,0001). A pesar de que el 84,5% (27.508/32.560) de la muestra estuvo compuesta por mujeres, el porcentaje de fallecimientos fue mayor en el sexo masculino: 5,2% (263/5.052) (p<0,0001). El análisis de regresión logística demostró que el sexo y la categoría profesional pueden predecir el desenlace de fallecimiento por COVID-19 entre profesionales de Enfermería en Brasil. Conclusión: el estudio contribuye a poner de manifiesto los riesgos a los que se expone la categoría profesional en el afrontamiento del COVID-19, al igual que a repensar medidas para reducir los perjuicios ocasionados por la pandemia en este segmento de la población.


Subject(s)
Disease , Nursing , Death , Pandemics , COVID-19 , Occupational Groups
5.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 55: e20210207, 2021.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34807228

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to map the scientific production on interprofessional relationships in health in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: this is a scoping review performed in PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases, covering the period of publication in 2020, using the acronym PCC (Population = health professionals; Concept = interprofessional relationships; Context = health services) and respective search strategies. RESULTS: fourteen scientific articles were selected and the content discussed in the manuscripts was standardized, analyzed and organized into categories of affinities and similarities of their results: 1 - Interprofessional collaboration; 2 - Collaborative practice; 3 - Interprofessional work; 4 - Interactive and interprofessional learning. CONCLUSION: the pandemic demanded quick and effective responses that were only possible through collaboration and interprofessionalism dimensions. Interprofessional work in health during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic confirms the importance of interprofessional work and its dimensions for the provision of more comprehensive, resolute and safer health services.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pandemics , Health Personnel , Humans , SARS-CoV-2
6.
Plast Surg (Oakv) ; 29(1): 4-9, 2021 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33614534

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Intra-lesional interleukin 2 (IL-2) therapy trials for the treatment of in-transit melanoma using different treatment protocols have been published reporting varied results. This study assesses the results of IL-2 therapy in our institution and to evaluate the reproducibility of our response rates when using the same treatment protocol as another Canadian centre. METHODS: A retrospective review was undertaken of patients with in-transit melanoma who were treated with intralesional IL-2 in a single institution from 2010 to 2016. Responses were evaluated using RECIST criteria. Demographic data, tumour characteristics, follow-up data, in-transit-free interval, and survival data were collected and analysed. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients were identified. Overall tumour response rate was 72%, including complete response in 23 patients (47%) and partial response in 12 patients (24%). Stable disease was observed in 4% of patients and progressive disease in 25%. The main side effects were minor discomfort with injections and auto-limited flu-like symptoms. The presence of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes may be a predictor of better response. CONCLUSION: This study confirms prior experience with intra-lesional IL-2, demonstrating it to be an effective, safe, and well-tolerated therapy for in-transit melanoma. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes as a predictor of better response warrant further study.


HISTORIQUE: Les publications sur l'utilisation d'interleukine-2 (IL-2) intralésionnelle pour traiter les mélanomes en transit faisant appel à divers protocoles thérapeutiques ont rendu compte de résultats variables. Dans la présente étude, les chercheurs évaluent les résultats du traitement à l'IL-2 au sein de leur établissement et la reproductibilité de leur taux de réponse lorsqu'ils utilisent le même protocole thérapeutique qu'un autre centre canadien. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Les chercheurs ont effectué une analyse rétrospective des patients atteints d'un mélanome en transit qui ont reçu de l'IL-2 intralésionnelle dans un même établissement entre 2010 et 2016. Ils ont évalué les réponses selon les critères d'évaluation RECIST et ont colligé et analysé les données démographiques, les caractéristiques des tumeurs, les données de suivi, l'intervalle libre en transit et les données de survie. RÉSULTATS: Les chercheurs ont dénombré 49 patients. Le taux de réponse global des tumeurs s'élevait à 72 %, y compris une réponse complète chez 23 patients (47 %) et une réponse partielle chez 12 patients (24 %). Ils ont observé une maladie stable chez 4 % des patients et une maladie évolutive chez 25 % d'entre eux. Les principaux effets secondaires étaient des malaises mineurs à l'injection et des symptômes pseudogrippaux autolimités. L'infiltration lymphocytaire des tumeurs pourrait être un élément prédicteur d'une meilleure réponse. CONCLUSION: La présente étude confirme l'expérience antérieure de l'IL-2 intralésionnelle et démontre qu'il s'agit d'un traitement efficace, sécuritaire et bien toléré contre le mélanome en transit. D'autres études devront être réalisées pour établir si l'infiltration lymphocytaire des tumeurs est un bon élément prédicteur.

7.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 55: e20210207, 2021. graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1351532

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to map the scientific production on interprofessional relationships in health in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: this is a scoping review performed in PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases, covering the period of publication in 2020, using the acronym PCC (Population = health professionals; Concept = interprofessional relationships; Context = health services) and respective search strategies. Results: fourteen scientific articles were selected and the content discussed in the manuscripts was standardized, analyzed and organized into categories of affinities and similarities of their results: 1 - Interprofessional collaboration; 2 - Collaborative practice; 3 - Interprofessional work; 4 - Interactive and interprofessional learning. Conclusion: the pandemic demanded quick and effective responses that were only possible through collaboration and interprofessionalism dimensions. Interprofessional work in health during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic confirms the importance of interprofessional work and its dimensions for the provision of more comprehensive, resolute and safer health services.


RESUMEN Objetivo: mapear la producción científica sobre las relaciones interprofesionales en salud en el primer año de la pandemia del COVID-19. Método: revisión del alcance, realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, Google Scholar y Science Direct, cubriendo el período de publicación 2020, utilizando las siglas del PCC (Población = profesionales de la salud; Concepto = relaciones interprofesionales; Contexto = salud servicios) y las respectivas estrategias de búsqueda. Resultados: se seleccionaron 14 artículos científicos y el contenido discutido en los manuscritos fue estandarizado, analizado y organizado en categorías de afinidades y similitudes de sus resultados: 1 - Colaboración interprofesional; 2 - Práctica colaborativa; 3 - Trabajo interprofesional; 4 - Aprendizaje interactivo e interprofesional. Conclusión: la pandemia exigía respuestas rápidas y eficaces que solo eran posibles a través de las dimensiones de la colaboración y la interprofesionalidad. El trabajo interprofesional en salud durante el primer año de la pandemia COVID-19 confirma la importancia del trabajo interprofesional y sus dimensiones para la prestación de servicios de salud más integrales, decididos y seguros.


RESUMO Objetivo: mapear a produção científica sobre relações interprofissionais em saúde no primeiro ano da pandemia de COVID-19. Método: revisão de escopo, realizada nas bases PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, Google Scholar e Science Direct, abrangendo o período de publicação do ano de 2020, utilizando o acrônimo PCC (População = profissionais de saúde; Conceito = relações interprofissionais; Contexto = serviços de saúde) e respectivas estratégias de busca. Resultados: foram selecionados 14 artigos científicos e o conteúdo discutido nos manuscritos foi uniformizado, analisado e organizado em categorias de afinidades e semelhanças de seus resultados: 1 - Colaboração interprofissional; 2 - Prática colaborativa; 3 - Trabalho interprofissional; 4 - Aprendizagem interativa e interprofissional. Conclusão: a pandemia demandou respostas rápidas e eficazes que só foram possíveis através das dimensões da colaboração e da interprofissionalidade. O trabalho interprofissional em saúde durante o primeiro ano de pandemia de COVID-19 confirma a importância do trabalho interprofissional e suas dimensões para a oferta de serviços de saúde mais integrais, resolutivos e seguros.


Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections , Pandemics , Crew Resource Management, Healthcare , Health Personnel , Interprofessional Relations
8.
Cien Saude Colet ; 24(4): 1483-1493, 2019 Apr.
Article in Portuguese, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31066850

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to describe the main entomological triatomine-related indicators in the western mesoregion of Rio Grande do Norte. This is a descriptive cross-sectional retrospective study developed on a historical analysis of information on the triatomine capture carried out by the Chagas Disease Control Program, from 2008 to 2013. Five species were captured, of which the Triatoma brasiliensis and Triatoma pseudomaculata, by occupying the domestic and peridomestic environment, sequentially, and Panstrongylus lutzi by the highest rate of natural infection. A prevalence of nymphs among the captured specimens, a higher triatominal density in the peridomicile, infestation, colonization and natural infection rates of 5.6%, 49.6% and 0.8%, respectively, a significant difference in the distribution of specimens between the municipalities investigated and lack of declining infestation and colonization rates between 2009 and 2012 was observed. Findings suggest the need for continuous surveillance, facilitated by the association between field teams and communities, with emphasis on the proposal of health education for the recognition and notification of triatomines by the population.


Objetivou-se descrever os principais indicadores entomológicos relacionados aos triatomíneos na mesorregião Oeste do Rio Grande do Norte. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo, desenvolvido com base em análise histórica de informações sobre a captura de triatomíneos realizada pelo Programa de Controle de doença de Chagas, no período de 2008 a 2013. Foram capturadas cinco espécies, das quais se destacaram a Triatoma brasiliensis e a Triatoma pseudomaculata, pela ocupação do ambiente domiciliar e peridomiciliar, sequencialmente, e a Panstrongylus lutzi, pelo maior índice de infecção natural. Observou-se prevalência de ninfas dentre os exemplares capturados, maior densidade triatomínica no peridomicílio, índices de infestação, colonização e infecção natural de 5,6%, 49,6% e 0,8%, respectivamente, diferença significativa na distribuição de espécimes entre os municípios investigados e ausência de declínio dos índices de infestação e colonização entre os anos de 2009 e 2012. Os achados sugerem a necessidade de vigilância contínua, possibilitada pela associação entre as equipes de campo e as comunidades, com ênfase na proposta de educação em saúde para o reconhecimento e notificação dos triatomíneos pela população.


Subject(s)
Chagas Disease/prevention & control , Insect Vectors/classification , Panstrongylus/classification , Triatoma/classification , Animals , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies
9.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 24(4): 1483-1493, abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001766

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivou-se descrever os principais indicadores entomológicos relacionados aos triatomíneos na mesorregião Oeste do Rio Grande do Norte. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo, desenvolvido com base em análise histórica de informações sobre a captura de triatomíneos realizada pelo Programa de Controle de doença de Chagas, no período de 2008 a 2013. Foram capturadas cinco espécies, das quais se destacaram a Triatoma brasiliensis e a Triatoma pseudomaculata, pela ocupação do ambiente domiciliar e peridomiciliar, sequencialmente, e a Panstrongylus lutzi, pelo maior índice de infecção natural. Observou-se prevalência de ninfas dentre os exemplares capturados, maior densidade triatomínica no peridomicílio, índices de infestação, colonização e infecção natural de 5,6%, 49,6% e 0,8%, respectivamente, diferença significativa na distribuição de espécimes entre os municípios investigados e ausência de declínio dos índices de infestação e colonização entre os anos de 2009 e 2012. Os achados sugerem a necessidade de vigilância contínua, possibilitada pela associação entre as equipes de campo e as comunidades, com ênfase na proposta de educação em saúde para o reconhecimento e notificação dos triatomíneos pela população.


Abstract This study aimed to describe the main entomological triatomine-related indicators in the western mesoregion of Rio Grande do Norte. This is a descriptive cross-sectional retrospective study developed on a historical analysis of information on the triatomine capture carried out by the Chagas Disease Control Program, from 2008 to 2013. Five species were captured, of which the Triatoma brasiliensis and Triatoma pseudomaculata, by occupying the domestic and peridomestic environment, sequentially, and Panstrongylus lutzi by the highest rate of natural infection. A prevalence of nymphs among the captured specimens, a higher triatominal density in the peridomicile, infestation, colonization and natural infection rates of 5.6%, 49.6% and 0.8%, respectively, a significant difference in the distribution of specimens between the municipalities investigated and lack of declining infestation and colonization rates between 2009 and 2012 was observed. Findings suggest the need for continuous surveillance, facilitated by the association between field teams and communities, with emphasis on the proposal of health education for the recognition and notification of triatomines by the population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Panstrongylus/classification , Triatoma/classification , Chagas Disease/prevention & control , Insect Vectors/classification , Brazil , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies
10.
Plast Reconstr Surg ; 139(5): 1056e-1071e, 2017 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28445352

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Enhanced recovery following surgery can be achieved through the introduction of evidence-based perioperative maneuvers. This review aims to present a consensus for optimal perioperative management of patients undergoing breast reconstructive surgery and to provide evidence-based recommendations for an enhanced perioperative protocol. METHODS: A systematic review of meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and large prospective cohorts was conducted for each protocol element. Smaller prospective cohorts and retrospective cohorts were considered only when higher level evidence was unavailable. The available literature was graded by an international panel of experts in breast reconstructive surgery and used to form consensus recommendations for each topic. Each recommendation was graded following a consensus discussion among the expert panel. Development of these recommendations was endorsed by the Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Society. RESULTS: High-quality randomized controlled trial data in patients undergoing breast reconstruction informed some of the recommendations; however, for most items, data from lower level studies in the population of interest were considered along with extrapolated data from high-quality studies in non-breast reconstruction populations. Recommendations were developed for a total of 18 unique enhanced recovery after surgery items and are discussed in the article. Key recommendations support use of opioid-sparing perioperative medications, minimal preoperative fasting and early feeding, use of anesthetic techniques that decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting and pain, use of measures to prevent intraoperative hypothermia, and support of early mobilization after surgery. CONCLUSION: Based on the best available evidence for each topic, a consensus review of optimal perioperative care for patients undergoing breast reconstruction is presented. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, V.


Subject(s)
Mammaplasty , Perioperative Care/standards , Female , Humans , Meta-Analysis as Topic , Prospective Studies , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
11.
J Neuroimmunol ; 216(1-2): 76-84, 2009 Nov 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19766325

ABSTRACT

Lymphocytes of human T-lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) infected patients were previously found tolerant to mitogenic stimuli as well as glucocorticoid treatment. These data suggest that common signaling events are impaired during this infection. The underlying mechanisms of these phenomena may include changes in cellular composition, cytokine milieu and the differential activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). We investigated the role of (i) p38 and ERK MAPKs, (ii) lymphocyte subpopulations, (iii) and cytokines implicated in antigen or glucocorticoid-induced immunomodulation. Twenty-one asymptomatic carriers (AC), 19 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and 21 healthy subjects took part in this study. Lymphocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro to assess lymphocyte proliferation and sensitivity to dexamethasone. The expression of phospho-MAPKs, lymphocyte subsets and cytokines were assessed by flow cytometry. Patients with HAM/TSP had a higher p38/ERK ratio (p<0.05) associated with a reduced response to mitogens (phytohaemagglutinin or PMA+ionomycin) (p<0.001) and higher sensitivity to dexamethasone (p<0.05). HAM/TSP patients presented increased frequency of activated T cells and CD8(+)CD28(-) regulatory T cells, being negatively related to the mitogenic response. These data suggest that multiple underlying mechanisms could be involved with HTLV-related changes in cellular response to mitogens and glucocorticoids.


Subject(s)
Antigen Presentation/immunology , HTLV-I Infections/enzymology , HTLV-I Infections/immunology , Immune Tolerance/immunology , MAP Kinase Signaling System/immunology , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Biomarkers/metabolism , Cell Differentiation/immunology , Cells, Cultured , Dexamethasone/pharmacology , Enzyme Activation/immunology , Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/immunology , Female , Flow Cytometry , Glucocorticoids/pharmacology , HTLV-I Infections/physiopathology , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology , Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects , Lymphocyte Activation/immunology , Male , Middle Aged , Phenotype , T-Lymphocytes/drug effects , Up-Regulation/drug effects , Up-Regulation/immunology , Young Adult , p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/immunology
13.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses ; 22(10): 931-5, 2006 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17067261

ABSTRACT

After the first description of TSP/HAM in 1985 and the elaboration of WHO's diagnostic criteria in 1988, the experience of the professionals in this field has increased so that a critical reappraisal of these diagnostic guidelines was considered timely. Brazilian neurologists and observers from other countries met recently to discuss and propose a modified model for diagnosing TSP/HAM with levels of ascertainment as definite, probable, and possible, according to myelopathic symptoms, serological findings, and/or detection of HTLV-I DNA and exclusion of other disorders.


Subject(s)
Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/diagnosis , Adult , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/immunology , Female , Humans , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/immunology
14.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses ; 22(4): 301-6, 2006 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16623631

ABSTRACT

Human T cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) is a deltaretrovirus endemic in Indian populations living in Central and South America, among Pygmies tribes from Central Africa, and epidemic among injecting drug users (IDUs) in the United States, Europe, Southeast Asia, and South America. To date only the HTLV-IIa subtype has been demonstrated among Brazilians (Amazon basin Indians, blood donors, and IDUs). We analyzed HTLV-II isolates from 12 individuals living in the urban area of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, identified as seropositive for HTLVI/II in a blood donation. The HTLV-II long terminal repeat (LTR) region was sequenced and compared with nucleotide sequences of isolates HTLV-IIa (Mo), HTLV-IIb (NRA) prototypes. Phylogenetic analysis of the LTR region demonstrated that seven new isolates clustered together with American Indians HTLV-IIb isolates, and five new HTLV-IIa isolates clustered within the HTLV-IIa Brazilian subgroup, named the HTLV-IIc subtype. Both HTLV-IIa and IIb seem to be endemic in the urban area of Porto Alegre, South of Brazil, and could have reached this region via the Amazon basin and the Pacific Coast ancient human migratory pathways. To our knowledge this is the first study demonstrating the presence of HTLV-IIb among the urban population in Brazil.


Subject(s)
HTLV-II Infections/epidemiology , HTLV-II Infections/virology , Human T-lymphotropic virus 2/genetics , Molecular Epidemiology , Base Sequence , Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data , Blotting, Western , Brazil/epidemiology , Emigration and Immigration , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Evolution, Molecular , Female , Genetic Variation , Human T-lymphotropic virus 2/classification , Human T-lymphotropic virus 2/isolation & purification , Humans , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Viral/analysis , Sequence Analysis, RNA , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Terminal Repeat Sequences , Urban Population
15.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 64(1): 125-7, 2006 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16622568

ABSTRACT

HTLV-I and HTLV-II are endemic in some areas of Brazil, where an associated disease, HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) have been diagnosed in significant number of infected individuals. Tuberculosis has been demonstrated among those individuals, with higher prevalence than in the general population, suggesting that there is an increased risk for this comorbidity. We report the case of an individual coinfected with HTLV-I and HTLV-II, suffering from an insidious meningoencephalomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The patient was a 44 years old man successfully treated with steroids and antituberculous drugs, improving clinically and turning to a negative PCR and to a normal blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.


Subject(s)
Encephalomyelitis/complications , HTLV-I Infections/complications , HTLV-II Infections/complications , Tuberculosis, Meningeal/complications , Adult , Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins/analysis , Encephalomyelitis/microbiology , HTLV-I Infections/microbiology , HTLV-II Infections/microbiology , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Male , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/complications , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/microbiology
16.
Am J Infect Control ; 34(3): 158-60, 2006 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16630982

ABSTRACT

Health care workers, mainly in emergency and forensic services, are at risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and type II (HTLV-I and HTLV-II) are cosmopolitan human delta retroviruses causing endemic infection in Japan, the Caribbean basin, South America, and sub-Saharan Africa, and in clusters among intravenous drug users in Europe and the United States. The seroprevalence of HTLV-I and HTLV-II among Brazilian blood donors ranges from 0.08% to 1.35%. HTLV-I transmission to a Japanese researcher has already been reported. We describe the transmission of HTLV-II infection to a Brazilian laboratory worker caused by a needlestick injury when she was recapping a syringe after collecting material for arterial blood gas analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an occupational transmission of HTLV-II to a health care worker.


Subject(s)
HTLV-II Infections/transmission , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional , Medical Laboratory Personnel , Needlestick Injuries/complications , Adult , Brazil , Female , Humans
17.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 64(1): 125-127, mar. 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-425286

ABSTRACT

Os vírus HTLV-I e HTLV-II são endêmicos em algumas regiões do Brasil, onde uma das doenças associadas, a paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatia associada ao HTLV (PET/MAH), tem sido diagnosticada em significativo número de pacientes infectados. Nesses indivíduos, a prevalência de tuberculose é maior que na população geral, sugerindo que possa haver um maior risco para esta comorbidade. Relatamos o caso de um homem de 44 anos coinfectado HTLV-I + HTLV-II que desenvolveu meningoencefalomielite por Mycobacterium tuberculosis. O paciente apresentou recuperação clínica parcial, correção da disfunção de barreira hemato-liquórica e negativação no PCR, mediante o tratamento com corticoesteróides e tuberculostáticos.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Encephalomyelitis/complications , HTLV-I Infections/complications , HTLV-II Infections/complications , Tuberculosis, Meningeal/complications , Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins/analysis , Encephalomyelitis/microbiology , HTLV-I Infections/microbiology , HTLV-II Infections/microbiology , Immunocompromised Host , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/complications , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/microbiology
18.
Arq. bras. psicol. (Rio J. 2003) ; 57(1/2): 75-87, jan./dez. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-31565

ABSTRACT

O acidente com o césio-137 em Goiânia é considerado o segundo maior acidente envolvendo substância radioativa, depois de Chernobyl. O presente estudo constitui-se em um follow up e objetiva analisar a percepção das pessoas diretamente atingidas, com ênfase nos levantamentos de como perceberam os problemas vividos no momento crítico e as questões remanescentes após três anos e em seus depoimentos à imprensa após quinze anos. O estudo também registra uma avaliação sistemática do acidente, bem como das reações e sentimentos descritos pelas pessoas vitimadas. Conclui-se que as pessoas radioacidentadas foram submetidas a severos sofrimentos, nos níveis orgânico, psicológico e social. A comparação entre os resultados dos estudos indica seus problemas e preocupações: questões de saúde – físicas e psicológicas, discriminação, descaso e omissão das autoridades, insuperabilidade do trauma. Tais problemas e preocupações ainda persistem, constituindo-se no terror presente e futuro das vítimas(AU)


Subject(s)
Radioactive Hazard Release
19.
Arq. bras. psicol. (Rio J. 2003) ; 57(1): 75-87, jan.-dez. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-480767

ABSTRACT

O acidente com o césio-137 em Goiânia é considerado o segundo maior acidente envolvendo substância radioativa, depois de Chernobyl. O presente estudo constitui-se em um follow up e objetiva analisar a percepção das pessoas diretamente atingidas, com ênfase nos levantamentos de como perceberam os problemas vividos no momento crítico e as questões remanescentes após três anos e em seus depoimentos à imprensa após quinze anos. O estudo também registra uma avaliação sistemática do acidente, bem como das reações e sentimentos descritos pelas pessoas vitimadas. Conclui-se que as pessoas radioacidentadas foram submetidas a severos sofrimentos, nos níveis orgânico, psicológico e social. A comparação entre os resultados dos estudos indica seus problemas e preocupações: questões de saúde – físicas e psicológicas, discriminação, descaso e omissão das autoridades, insuperabilidade do trauma. Tais problemas e preocupações ainda persistem, constituindo-se no terror presente e futuro das vítimas.


Subject(s)
Radioactive Hazard Release
20.
Cad. saúde pública ; 21(6): 1947-1951, nov.-dez. 2005. mapas, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-419766

ABSTRACT

O vírus linfotrópico de células T-humanas do tipo II (HTLV-II) é identificado em muitos grupos de ameríndios. No Brasil, tem sido encontrado em indivíduos da população urbana, bem como em índios oriundos da região Amazônica. Os Índios Guaraní, do Sul do país, foram investigados para infecção por HTLV-I/II. Três indivíduos, oriundos de uma amostra de 52 índios, demonstraram sororeatividade para HTLV-II (ensaio imunoenzimático e Western blot). Este estudo preliminar foi o primeiro a identificar a presença de infecção por HTLV-II em ameríndios do Sul do Brasil.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , HTLV-II Antibodies/blood , HTLV-II Infections/diagnosis , /immunology , Indians, South American , Blotting, Western , Brazil/epidemiology , Brazil/ethnology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , HTLV-II Infections/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies
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