ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The idea of the healing effects of the sleep over the disease is quite extended. Besides, the sleep and the circadian rhythms cause deep changes on the immune function. Reciprocally, the sleep also suffers deep changes when the immune system is challenged during an external aggression. DEVELOPMENT: This review shows some of the data supporting both observations. From the relationships between the sleep and the immune system, it has been proposed that one function of sleep is just to support the immune defense. However, an important fraction of the relationships between sleep and immune function might be a response to the stress produced both during the sleep disorders and when the organism activates the immune defense. Moreover, the epidemiological evidence only shows negligible results when contrasting the amount of sleep and the life expectancy. CONCLUSION: It seems thus probable that the relationships between sleep and immune function are only a reflect of additional factors, such as stress, which cause deep changes in sleep and immunity.
Subject(s)
Circadian Rhythm/physiology , Immune System/physiology , Sleep/immunology , Animals , Body Temperature , Humans , Life Expectancy , Psychoneuroimmunology , Stress, Psychological/immunologyABSTRACT
Introducción. Se cree que el sueño ejerce efectos beneficiosos sobre el sistema inmune. También hay evidencias firmes de que el sueño y los ritmos circadianos determinan cambios en el estado del sistema inmune. Recíprocamente, cuando el sistema inmune está afectado por una agresión externa, el sueño sufre importantes modificaciones. Desarrollo. Se presentan algunos de los datos que soportan las observaciones anteriores. De estas interrelaciones algunos autores consideran que una de las funciones del sueño es mantener las defensas inmunes. Sin embargo, una gran parte de las interacciones entre sueño y sistema inmune puede estar determinada por el estrés que se produce, tanto cuando el sueño está perturbado, como cuando el organismo sufre una agresión que determina una activación de las defensas inmunitarias. Además, la evidencia epidemiológica muestra que la esperanza de vida sufre muy pocos cambios en las personas que duermen más o menos que la mayoría de la población. Conclusión. Parece probable que las interacciones entre el sueño y el estado inmune no sean más que reflejos de otros factores que, como el estrés, ejercen profundos efectos sobre ambos
Introduction. The idea of the healing effects of the sleep over the disease is quite extended. Besides, the sleep and the circadian rhythms cause deep changes on the immune function. Reciprocally, the sleep also suffers deep changes when the immune system is challenged during an external aggression. Development. This review shows some of the data supporting both observations. From the relationships between the sleep and the immune system, it has been proposed that one function of sleep is just to support the immune defense. However, an important fraction of the relationships between sleep and immune function might be a response to the stress produced both during the sleep disorders and when the organism activates the immune defense. Moreover, the epidemiological evidence only shows negligible results when contrasting the amount of sleep and the life expectancy. Conclusion. It seems thus probable that the relationships between sleep and immune function are only a reflect of additional factors, such as stress, which cause deep changes in sleep and immunity
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Immune System/physiology , Sleep/physiology , Body Temperature Regulation/physiology , Multiple Organ Failure/physiopathology , Sleep Deprivation/physiopathology , Circadian Rhythm/physiologyABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of serum from formula and breast-fed infants on neutrophil function (as measured by the attachment and phagocytosis of Candida albicans) as well as the chemoattractant activity of the serum. The results indicate that: (a) serum from breast-fed infants induces a greater chemoattractant activity in neutrophils than serum from 3-month-old formula-fed infants; (b) the highest values of the attachment capacity were obtained after incubation of neutrophils with serum from 1-month-old breast-fed infants; and (c) serum from breast-fed infants induces a greater phagocytic capacity against C. albicans in neutrophils than serum from formula-fed infants.
Subject(s)
Blood/immunology , Neutrophils/physiology , Adult , Age Factors , Breast Feeding , Candida albicans/immunology , Cell Adhesion/immunology , Cell Adhesion/physiology , Cell Movement/immunology , Cell Movement/physiology , Chemotaxis/immunology , Chemotaxis/physiology , Humans , Infant , Infant Food , Infant, Newborn , Phagocytosis/immunology , Phagocytosis/physiologyABSTRACT
We studied the influence of Imipenem and Cefmetazol (50 mg/l) on lymphocyte receptors CD2, Fc and C3b of complement. The lymphocytes were obtained from human blood and mice axillary ganglions. Cefmetazol significantly increases the binding capacity of human lymphocyte receptors CD2 to sheep red blood cells while Imipenem does not alter this binding. The number of Fc lymphocyte receptors for the constant fraction of IgG is found to be significantly increased when the lymphocytes are incubated in vitro with Imipenem and Cefmetazol. When the lymphocytes are treated with these antibiotics there is an increase in the receptors capable of binding to fraction C3b of the complement.
