ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Early childhood caries (ECC) describes dental caries affecting children aged 0-71 months. Current research suggests ECC has important aetiological bases during the first year of life. Gaps in knowledge about disease progression prevent the effective and early identification of 'at risk' children. AIM: To conduct a systematic review of research studies focusing on (a) acquisition and colonization of oral bacteria and ECC and (b) risk and/or protective factors in infants aged 0-12 months. DESIGN: Ovid Medline and Embase databases (1996-2011) were searched for RCT, longitudinal, cross-sectional and qualitative studies. Two investigators undertook a quality assessment for risk of bias. RESULTS: Inclusion criteria were met for (a) by four papers and for (b) by 13 papers; five papers were rated medium or high quality. Bacterial acquisition/colonization and modifying factor interrelationships were identified, but their role in the caries process was not clarified. Key risk indicators were infant feeding practices (nine papers), maternal circumstances and oral health (6) and infant-related oral health behaviours (4). CONCLUSION: This review confirmed that factors occurring during the first year of life affect ECC experience. Despite heterogeneity, findings indicated maternal factors influence bacterial acquisition, whereas colonization was mediated by oral health behaviours and practices and feeding habits.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries Susceptibility/physiology , Dental Caries/etiology , Dental Caries/microbiology , Disease Progression , Feeding Methods , Humans , Infant , Risk Factors , Streptococcus mutans/physiologySubject(s)
Dental Care for Chronically Ill , Pneumonia/etiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Smoking/adverse effects , Stomatitis/complications , Accidents , Administration, Inhalation , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Intubation/adverse effects , Periodontal Diseases/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapySubject(s)
Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis , Antacids/therapeutic use , Female , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Heartburn/drug therapy , Humans , Middle Aged , Nonprescription Drugs/therapeutic use , Patient Care Planning , Smoking , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Tooth Erosion/prevention & controlSubject(s)
Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects , Diphosphonates/adverse effects , Maxillary Diseases/chemically induced , Osteonecrosis/chemically induced , Palate/drug effects , Aged , Alendronate/adverse effects , Denture, Complete, Upper/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Maxillary Diseases/drug therapy , Oral Ulcer/etiology , Osteonecrosis/drug therapy , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/drug therapyABSTRACT
According to available limited epidemiology studies, the prevalence of oral disease is much greater in American minorities (Blacks, Hisoanics, Asians, Native Americans) than in the majority population. The purpose of this article is to describe the oral health status and current treatment needs of a group of African-American (AA) adults in New York City. The convenience sample consisted of 951 AA adults (M = 662, F = 289) recruited through community- or faith-based institutions, and the in-house screening conducted by the Research Center for Minority Oral Health in dedicated dental clinics at the New York University College of Dentistry. The age of participants ranged from 18 to 64 years, (mean age 42, SD = 11.04). Calibrated examiners performed the clinical examinations utilizing National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) diagnostic criteria. The DMFT, DMFS, DFS, and %D/DFS indices were obtained and results indicated the following. For the 18 to 34 age group (n = 246), the mean DMFT was 8.83, the mean DMFS was 21.36, the mean DFS was 12.10, and the mean %D/DFS was 30. For the 35 to 49 age group (n = 523), the mean DMFT was 14.03, the mean DMFS was 48.21, the mean DFS was 18.76, and the mean %D/DFS was 29. For the 50 to 64 age group (n = 182), the mean DMFT was 15.38, the mean DMFS was 64.48, the mean DFS was 17.98, and the mean %D/DFS was 29. For all age groups, the findings indicated a high prevalence of dental decay and greater number of filled surfaces compared with the United States national surveys.
Subject(s)
Black People , Dental Caries/ethnology , Adolescent , Adult , Black or African American/statistics & numerical data , Age Distribution , DMF Index , Female , Humans , Male , Malocclusion/ethnology , Middle Aged , New York City/epidemiology , Oral Hygiene Index , Periodontal Diseases/ethnology , Prevalence , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
This article presents the results of a study of four Hispanic subgroup residents of New York City. Utilizing National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research criteria and a specially designed survey instrument, the authors conducted oral examinations and interviews on 1,010 Hispanic adults. Results showed that the oral health status and the indicators of treatment needs differed among the subgroups. When conducting needs assessment and providing oral health care services for this population, differences among the subgroups must be considered.
