ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The G-ROP model was proposed to improve the retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening efficiency. It is based on gestational age, birth weight and postnatal weight gain. The current study aimed to validate the G-ROP model's ability to predict ROP in cohorts of premature infants from Egypt and the United Kingdom (UK). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of preterm infants born between 1st of January and 30th of June 2018 with a known outcome for ROP screening and regular weight measurements until day 39 after birth. We applied the G-ROP model to the study group and calculated the sensitivity of the model for detecting Early Treatment of ROP (ETROP) study type 1 ROP and for any ROP and calculated the reduction of the number of infants requiring ROP screening by the model application. RESULTS: We applied the G-ROP model on 605 infants (504 from Egypt and 101 from the UK). The model successfully predicted all type 1 ROP cases (100% sensitivity) in both cohorts (95% confidence interval [CI], 91.1-100% in the Egyptian cohort and 65.5-100% in the UK cohort). The model reduced the number of infants requiring screening by 14.1% in the Egyptian cohort and 21.8% in the UK cohort. CONCLUSIONS: The G-ROP model was successfully validated for detecting type 1 ROP and in both cohorts from Egypt and the UK.
Subject(s)
Retinopathy of Prematurity , Birth Weight , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Neonatal Screening , Retinopathy of Prematurity/diagnosis , Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: We describe the uses and effectiveness of botulinum toxin to the inferior rectus muscle in iatrogenic vertical strabismus. METHODS: A retrospective review of our database to identify patients who had undergone inferior rectus botulinum toxin injection between 1982 and 2006 for iatrogenic vertical strabismus. RESULTS: There were 13 patients, 5 female, with an age range of 14 to 78 years. Eight left eyes were injected. The mean period of follow-up was 3.3 years. Etiologies included post-local anesthetic, post-plaque radiotherapy for malignant melanoma, adherence syndrome after inferior oblique surgery, and post-botulinum toxin to the levator muscle to produce a temporary therapeutic ptosis. Reversal on first injection occurred in 7 patients and occurred in a further 2 patients on second injection. Pre-injection binocularity was not demonstrable in 3 patients; 2 of these patients did have binocular vision demonstrable after botulinum toxin injection. Seven patients had one injection, 3 patients had two, 1 had three, 1 had five, and 1 had six. DISCUSSION: The data demonstrate the range of indications that can be successfully treated and managed with inferior rectus botulinum toxin injection in iatrogenic vertical strabismus.
