ABSTRACT
Gamma and fast neutron dose spatial distributions have been measured at the collimator exit of the epithermal neutron beam of LVR-15 reactor (Rez). Measurements were performed by means of optically analyzed Fricke-gel-layer detectors. The separation of the two dose contributions has been achieved by suitable pixel-to-pixel elaboration of the light transmittance images of Fricke-gel-layer detectors prepared with water and heavy water.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Intestinal immune infiltration contributes to symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). AIM: To assesses the effect of mesalazine (mesalamine) on mucosal immune cells in patients with IBS, through a pilot study. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 20 patients with IBS in tertiary care setting. Patients were randomized to receive placebo or 800 mg mesalazine three times daily for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was a significant reduction in total colonic immune cells on biopsies obtained at the end of treatment compared to baseline. Secondary endpoints included effects on subsets of immune cells, inflammatory mediators and symptom severity. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS: Mesalazine markedly reduced immune cells as compared with placebo (P = 0.0082); this effect was ascribed to a marked inhibition of mast cells (P = 0.0014). Mesalazine significantly increased general well-being (P = 0.038), but had no significant effects on abdominal pain (P = 0.084), bloating (P = 0.177) or bowel habits. No serious drug-related adverse events were reported during the study. CONCLUSIONS: Mesalazine is an effective and safe approach to reduce mast cell infiltration and may improve general well-being in patients with IBS. These results support the hypothesis that immune mechanisms represent potential therapeutic targets in IBS.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism , Irritable Bowel Syndrome/drug therapy , Mesalamine/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biomarkers/metabolism , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Irritable Bowel Syndrome/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Pilot Projects , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
The epithermal neutron beam of the LVR-15 reactor provides the appropriate conditions for varied BNCT activity. The principal parameters have been frequently determined. The following detectors have been used for the measurement: set of activation monitors of different nuclides irradiated in free beam and in the water phantom, Si semiconductor detector with (6)LiF converter, twin ionization chambers, thermoluminescence dosimeters, gel dosimeters used for imaging of separate part of dose, neutron spectrometer of Bonner type. Obtained results of measured parameters are presented in the paper.
Subject(s)
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy/instrumentation , Boron Neutron Capture Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Fast Neutrons/therapeutic use , Nuclear Reactors , Radiometry/statistics & numerical data , Czech Republic , Ferrous Compounds , Gels , Humans , Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Phantoms, Imaging/statistics & numerical data , Radiometry/instrumentation , Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/statistics & numerical data , Solutions , Thermoluminescent Dosimetry/statistics & numerical data , WaterABSTRACT
A thorax phantom has been designed, consisting of PMMA and PE plates containing a cavity filled with a laboratory-made lung-substitute. Fricke-gel dosimeters have been placed in the lung-substitute volume, and the phantom has been irradiated at the epithermal column of LVR-15 reactor. Absorbed dose images have been obtained for both gamma radiation and charged particles emitted in the (10)B reactions with thermal neutrons. Measurements with thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) and Monte Carlo (MC) calculations have been performed too, in order to attain inter-comparison of results.
Subject(s)
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy/instrumentation , Boron Neutron Capture Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Fast Neutrons/therapeutic use , Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Phantoms, Imaging/statistics & numerical data , Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/statistics & numerical data , Boron/therapeutic use , Czech Republic , Gels , Humans , Isotopes/therapeutic use , Nuclear Reactors , Photons/therapeutic use , Radiation-Sensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , Radiometry/instrumentation , Radiometry/statistics & numerical data , ThoraxABSTRACT
Fricke gel dosimeters in the form of layers are suitable to reconstruct bidimensional distributions of the absorbed dose; in accordance with their chemical composition and applying suitably developed algorithms, they can provide dose images of the different radiation components in a BNCT field. After the description of the applied method, this work presents the results obtained at the epithermal column of the BNCT facility at the NRI in Rez (CZ). The measured dose distributions are shown in comparison with data taken by means of other dosimeters thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) and with calculations carried out with the Monte Carlo code MCNP5. The agreement with the results obtained by means of the different techniques is satisfying.
