ABSTRACT
At least 2.6 million small, artificial water bodies dot the landscape of the conterminous United States; most are in the eastern half of the country. These features account for approximately 20% of the standing water area across the United States, and their impact on hydrology, sedimentology, geochemistry, and ecology is apparently large in proportion to their area. These features locally elevate evaporation, divert and delay downstream water flow, and modify groundwater interactions. They apparently intercept about as much eroded soil as larger, better-documented reservoirs. Estimated vertical accretion rates are much higher, hence, inferred sedimentary chemical reactions must be different in the small features than in larger ones. Finally, these features substantially alter the characteristics of aquatic habitats across the landscape.
Subject(s)
Ecology , Environment , Water Supply , Conservation of Natural Resources , Environmental Monitoring , Geologic Sediments/chemistry , Soil , United StatesABSTRACT
An outbreak of febrile respiratory disease at Fort Dix, New Jersey, beginning in January 1976, yielded five isolates of influenza A/New Jersey/76 virus and 42 isolates of strains resembling influenza A/Victoria/75 virus. Despite extraordinary efforts and the study of 305 verified cases of infection with type A influenza virus throughout the region, no additional instances of infections with influenza A/New Jersey virus were detected in humans.
Subject(s)
Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Military Medicine , Humans , Influenza A virus/immunology , Influenza A virus/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/etiology , New JerseyABSTRACT
After the isolation of A/New Jersey/76 (Hsw1N1) influenza virus from five soldiers at Fort Dix, New Jersey, case finding was initiated by obtaining specimens for viral isolation from 95 patients with acute respiratory disease and determining antibody to influenza A/Mayo Clinic/103/74 (Hsw1N1) antigen in paired sera from 74 soldiers who had been hospitalized with acute respiratory disease. Influenza A/New Jersey virus was not isolated, but serologic studies identified eight additional soldiers as A/New Jersey influenza patients. Development of heterotypic antibody to A/Mayo Clinic antigen following infection and/or immunization with influenza A (H3N2) strains was studied and was found to occur infrequently. One of the 13 identified patients had died, and postmortem findings were consistent with viral pneumonia. Four of the 12 surviving patients had radiologic evidence of pneumonia, but clinical syndromes in all 12 were similar to those described for other influenza A infections.
