Clinical, microbiological, and radiographic evaluation of sealed carious dentin after minimal intervention in primary molars.

BACKGROUND: In continuation with the ultraconservative minimal intervention approach for carious lesions treatment, lesion sterilization and tissue repair (LSTR) is a novel concept of using antibacterial drugs to disinfect dentinal, pulpal, and periapical lesions. AIMS: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical, radiographic, and microbiologic success rate of indirect pulp treatment (IPT) using a new technique minimal excavation and LSTR with triple antibiotic paste (TAP), for primary molars. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was randomized controlled trial design. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two healthy cooperative children aged 5-10 years having deep carious lesion in primary molars were randomly assigned to receive either traditional IPT with calcium hydroxide or minimal excavation and LSTR with TAP. Follow-up was done at 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 15-18 months intervals, and treatment success or failure was determined by a combination of clinical, microbiological, and radiographic findings. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Qualitative data were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square test. Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test was used for statistically significant differences between the bacterial counts (median values and percent reduction) between the two groups and the Wilcoxon sign rank test for the intragroup evaluation of bacterial counts. RESULTS: LSTR with TAP was found to be as effective as traditional indirect pulp treatment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Minimal excavation and LSTR with TAP can be an effective treatment methodology for the management of deep carious lesions in primary molars.

Apical extrusion of Enterococcus faecalis using three different rotary instrumentation techniques: an in vitro study.

AIMS: To compare the apical extrusion of Enterococcus faecalis after instrumentation with three different Ni-Ti rotary instruments- An in vitro study. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: In vitro study Methods and Material: Forty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were mounted in bacteria collection apparatus and root canals were contaminated with a suspension of Enterococcus faecalis. The contaminated teeth were divided into 4 groups of 10 teeth each according to rotary system used for instrumentation: Group1: Hyflex files, Group 2: GTX files, Group 3: Protaper files and Group 4: control group (no instrumentation). Bacteria extruded after preparations were collected into vials and microbiological samples were incubated in BHI broth for 24 hrs. The colony forming units were determined for each sample. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was done using one way ANOVA followed by post hoc independent " t" test. RESULTS: GTX files extruded least amount of bacteria followed by Hyflex files. Maximum extrusion of E. faecalis was seen in rotary Protaper group. CONCLUSION: Least amount of extrusion was seen with GTX files followed by Hyflex files and then rotary Protaper system.

Potter's sequence: a story of the rare, rarer and the rarest.

Potter's syndrome is a rare condition affecting one in 2000-5000. We present here two autopsy cases of Potter's syndrome, with the rare finding of discoid adrenals and the even rarer finding of in situ neuroblastoma in one of the cases.

Alternaria alternata infection associated osteomyelitis of maxilla: a rare disease entity.

Alternaria alternata is one of the rarest fungi associated with paranasal sinusitis. Alternaria species are pigmented (also known as dematiaceous or phaeoid) filamentous fungi, which are well-known soil saprophytes and plant pathogens that infrequently cause infection in humans mainly, cutaneous lesions. We present a case of osteomyelitis of maxilla caused by a rare fungus- A. alternata in a diabetic patient with poor glycemic control who was successfully treated with antifungal and surgical debridement over the period of 6 months.

Nasal rhinosporidiosis in humans: new interpretations and a review of the literature of this enigmatic disease.

Rhinosporidiosis is a disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi which primarily affects the mucosa of the nose, conjunctiva and urethra. While it is endemic in some Asian regions, isolated cases are reported in other parts of the world as a result of the socio-cultural phenomenon of the migration. Its manifestation is a polypoid mass growing inside the affected cavity and the only treatment is surgical excision. Rhinosporidiosis is a condition which both clinicians and microbiologists should keep in mind when managing patients with nasal masses even those from non endemic areas. It is critical in such cases to follow the clinical course to ensure against recurrence of the disease. This study describes the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of rhinosporidiosis of the nose and nasopharynx in a series of three cases in East Delhi, India.