Papillary tumor of pineal region: report of three cases and review of literature.

Papillary tumors of the pineal region (PTPRs) are rare and are recognized as a distinct entity in the recent 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of nervous system. Till date, only 55 cases have been reported. We report another three patients of PTPRs with characteristic radiological features. Histologically, all the three patients exhibited remarkable uniform histology of epithelioid morphology with variable presence of single to multilayered papillary architecture. Consistent absence of fibrillary matrix was noted in all the three cases. None of the cases showed aggressive histology. A large multicenter study is essential for upfront characterizing the biological behavior, as frequency of these tumors is very low.

Study on koilocytosis, X-chromatin and HSV-2 in cervical smears in Nepal.

A total of 1,106 cervical smears were studied during a one year period from Feb 1999 to Feb 2000. Majority of the lesions were Inflammatory smears constituting 91.0%, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] and Squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] cervix constituted 8.0% and 1.0% respectively. The percentage of different grades of CIN being CIN I 85.0%, CIN II 9.0% and CIN III 6.0%. Thirty cases were taken as a study group. The commonest age group for CIN was 31-40 years 80.0% and for carcinoma cervix above 50 years 63.0%. The most common risk factors were marriage before 20 years of age 80.0% and a low socio-economic status 70.0%. The common presenting feature in CIN was pain lower abdomen 88.0%, followed by whitish discharge per vagina 60.0%. Similarly in carcinoma cervix pain lower abdomen 80.0% followed by weight loss 60.0% were the common presenting symptoms. Koilocytic change was seen in 42.1% of the cases of CIN I. The incidence of X-chromatin positivity gradually decreased as the lesion advanced, the p-value between CIN I and CIN II [p=<0.02], CIN I and CIN III [0=0.00] and between CIN III and Carcinoma cervix [p=<0.004] being significant. An association with Herpes simplex virus-2 [HSV-2] was seen in 11.0% cases of CIN I, 33.0% cases of CIN IIl and 40.0% cases of carcinoma cervix with a gradual rising antibody titre of 1:2 in CIN I, 1:7 in CIN III and 1:7 to 1:9 in carcinoma cervix respectively.