Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation: an overview of the recent updates.

Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH), previously known as macular pigmentation of uncertain etiology (MPUE), is an umbrella concept that unifies the distinct but overlapping acquired dermal pigmentary disorders like lichen planus pigmentosus, ashy dermatosis, erythema dyschromicum perstans, Riehl's melanosis and pigmented contact dermatitis. All of these disorders usually lack a clinically apparent inflammatory phase, are characterised by dermal pigmentation clinically and histologically, and have a variable protracted disease course. Recently, a proposal has been made to classify these disorders into those with and without contact sensitisation. Dermoscopy is essentially similar across the spectrum of these disorders, and is useful for diagnosis and therapeutic response monitoring. Scoring system has been validated for the same. The treatment of ADMH remains challenging, with multiple topicals, oral therapies including mycophenolate mofetil, and lasers tried. Need of the hour is randomised controlled trials to enhance the therapeutic armamentarium.

B cell depletion therapy using rituximab to induce long-term remission of recalcitrant skin lesions of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

A woman in her 20s presented with chilblains for 2 years and recent-onset photodistributed psoriasiform plaques. She did not have persistent good improvement despite treatment with 1 mg/kg oral prednisolone, along with successive trials with many steroid-sparing adjuvants in adequate dosage and duration, including hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate and cyclosporine, in the following 6 months. The patient had an excellent improvement and went into remission with two doses of injection rituximab, 1 g each, at a 2-week interval. The remission was maintained during the 14-month follow-up.