ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to verify whether the portion sizes adopted by school lunch cooks were in accordance with nutritional recommendations by PNAE (Brazilian School Nutrition Program). Portion sizes corresponding to shallow and full measures were weighed on a digital scale in duplicate to determine the average weight of each food portion. Nutritional composition of meals was determined using the Brazilian Table of Food Composition. Total energy value (TEV), carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, iron, sodium, vitamin C and dietary fiber were compared with PNAE recommendations for schoolchildren. As a result, two menu proposals with adequate portion sizes were developed. TEV and carbohydrate recommendations were met in the shallow portion size and exceeded recommendations in the full measure. Both shallow and full portions exceeded recommendations for protein, fat and sodium. The values found for dietary fiber, iron and vitamin C were in accordance with PNAE recommendations in both portion sizes. The menu proposals were in accordance with nutritional recommendations except for sodium, which remained slightly above limits. The study showed the need for the creation of manufacturing technical cards aimed at standardizing the portioning of foods/dishes offered to schoolchildren, as well as the training of school lunch cooks.
Verificar si el tamaño de las porciones adoptadas por los cocineros de los almuerzos escolares está de acuerdo con las recomendaciones nutricionales del PNAE (Programa Brasileño de Nutrición Escolar). Los tamaños de las porciones correspondientes a mediciones, poco profundas y completas, se pesaron en una balanza digital para determinar el peso promedio de cada porción de alimento. Se comparó el valor energético total (VET), carbohidratos, proteínas, lípidos, hierro, sodio, vitamina C y fibra dietética con las recomendaciones de PNAE para escolares. Como resultado, se desarrollaron dos propuestas de menú con la adecuación del tamaño de las porciones. Las recomendaciones VET y carbohidratos se cumplieron en el tamaño de la porción relacionada con la medida poco profunda. Tanto las mediciones poco profunda y completas superaron las recomendaciones de proteínas, grasas y sodio. Los valores encontrados para fibra dietética, hierro y vitamina C alcanzaron las recomendaciones de PNAE en ambos tamaños de porciones. Las propuestas de menús alcanzaron las recomendaciones nutricionales excepto el sodio, que se mantuvo ligeramente por encima de los límites. Es necesario elaborar tarjetas técnicas de fabricación con el objetivo de estandarizar la porción de alimentos que se ofrece a los escolares, así como la capacitación de cocineros.
Subject(s)
Humans , School Feeding , Program Evaluation , Menu Planning , Nutritional Requirements , Recommended Dietary AllowancesABSTRACT
This work aimed to produce a new calcium alginate-Capsul edible film with antioxidant incorporated in matrix. The vitaminic stability was evaluated in the films during their storage under different conditions for 140 days. The films were characterized with respect to their mechanical properties and surface morphology. The results indicated a 25.6% of vitamin C incorporation in matrix during the film preparation. The films stored under refrigeration in the dark did not show a decrease in the vitaminic retention. The films stored under room temperature in the dark and in the bright/dark cycles exhibited significant decreases in the vitamin retaining from the 84th and 70th days, respectively. The vitamin C addition significantly decreased the tensile strength in the new pellicle. The results of the microscopy revealed a cohesive matrix in the new edible films. These results support the utilization of the new pellicle to protect ingredients, although more studies are necessary.
