Prevalence and pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer in chronic alcoholic pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of duodenal ulcer (DU) has been considered high in patients with chronic pancreatitis; however, its pathogenesis is unclear. We hypothesized that Helicobacter pylori infection plays the major pathogenetic role. STUDY: One hundred seven cases (97 men, 10 women) of chronic alcoholic pancreatitis (CAP) were prospectively investigated from 1997 to 2001. One hundred thirty-seven DU patients and 59 nonulcer dyspepsia patients formed the two control groups. Pancreatic function was evaluated by determination of fecal fat excretion and fasting blood glucose concentration. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed in all patients, and gastric mucosal biopsies were taken for assessment of H. pylori infection with a modified Giemsa stain and rapid urease test. RESULTS: Fifteen (14%) of the 107 patients with CAP had active DU. There was a trend toward an association between the presence of diabetes mellitus and/or steatorrhea and the occurrence of DU in patients with CAP (p = 0.06). The rate of H. pylori infection was significantly higher in patients with CAP and DU than in those with only CAP (86.7% vs. 54.3%, p = 0.02) but the rate similar to that in patients with simple DU (75.2%). Trends toward higher prevalence of H. pylori infection in CAP with DU were noticed when they were compared with the nonulcer dyspepsia group (86.7% vs. 66.1%). There was no significant difference in prevalence of H. pylori between CAP patients without DU and dyspeptic patients (54.3% vs. 66.1%). CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that the prevalence of DU in CAP is relatively high. H. pylori infection seems to play the major pathogenetic role in DU associated with CAP.

Pancreatite aguda grave: abordagem atual / Severe acute pancreatitis: a modern approach

Pancreatite aguda grave é uma condiçäo patológica frequentemente resultante de necrose pancreática, situaçäo esta associada a maior morbi-mortalidade. O diagnóstico da necrose pancreática pode ser sugerido por parâmetros clínicos e bioquímicos, e confirmado por métodos de imagem. A identificaçäo precoce de pacientes graves é importante para assegurar tratamento rápido e adequado em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. A tomografia computadorizada dinâmica, com reforço de contraste venoso, constitui o método de escolha atual para o seu diagnóstico. Na suspeita de infecçäo pancreática deve-se realizar punçäo aspirativa percutânea guiada por tomografia computadorizada ou ultra-som, com coloraçäo pelo Gram e cultura do material aspirado. O tratamento da pancreatite aguda grave é, a princípio, conservador. A antibioticoterapia profilática reserva-se aos casos de pancreatite biliar e às formas clinicamente graves ou com áreas de necrose extensa revelada pela tomografia computadorizada. a necrose estéril é conduzida com tratamento clínico, enquanto que na necrose infectada, indica-se conduta cirúrgica.