ABSTRACT
Since sugarcane is semi-perennial, it has no escape from water stresses in the Brazilian Cerrado, and consequently, drought impacts plant growth and industrial quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiology and quality of the first ratoon of two sugarcane varieties submitted to irrigated and stressed treatments under field conditions. For the biometric characteristics, in general, significant decreases were observed under the stressed treatment for all periods, and only minor differences were detected between the studied cultivars. Physiological parameters decreased under stressed conditions, but to a different extent between the varieties. RB855536 was able to maintain a greater rate of transpiration. Productivity was reduced by 103 t ha-1 for variety RB855536 and 121 t ha-1 for RB867515, compared to plants with full irrigation during the dry period, but cane quality was similar in both genotypes. Measurements of physiological and morphological parameters may prove useful in the rapid identification of genotypes with greater tolerance to abiotic stress.
ABSTRACT
O sistema de manejo interfere nas propriedades microbiológicas do solo, que por sua vez afeta a ciclagem de nutrientes, alterando, portanto, a sua sustentabilidade. Dentre os vários indicadores microbiológicos do solo, estão a quantificação e qualificação de esporos de fungos micorrízicos e sua colonização radicular. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de forragens e/ou culturas em consórcio, na população micorrízica autóctone, através da análise quantitativa e qualitativa de esporos no solo e colonização radicular das culturas e/ou pastagens. As culturas e/ou forragens instaladas em cada piquete foram: 1. Panicum maximum cv Aruana; 2. Brachiaria humidicola + milho; 3. Brachiaria humidicola; 4. Panicum maximum cv Aruana + milho; 5. Soja (Glycine max); 6. Soja. A colonização micorrízica foi influenciada pela interação entre plantas; os dados mostraram que a presença do Panicum maximum cv. Aruana, em comparação com Brachiaria humidicola, alterou a colonização radicular do milho. Parece ocorrer associação preferencial de espécies de fungos a determinados hospedeiros. Os gêneros de maior ocorrência após a implantação das culturas e forragens foram: Glomus sp., Acaulospora sp. e Scutelospora cerradensis.
Soil management alters their microbiological properties and consequently the nutrient cycling which also affects sustentability. Among several microbiological soil indicators, can be outstanding micorhizal fungus spores quantification and qualification and root colonization. The aim of this research was evaluate the effect of several planting culture in crop and livestock integration on autoctone populations of mycorrhyzal fungus, through quantitative and qualitative analysis of soil spores and root colonization of crops and pastures. Crops and/or pastures were planted in each plot were: 1. Panicum maximum cv Aruana; 2. Brachiaria humidicola + maize (Zea mays); 3. Brachiaria humidicola; 4. Panicum maximum cv Aruana + maize; 5. Soybean (Glycine max); 6. Soybean. It was observed that root colonization was influenced by the interaction between plants and the date showed that Panicum maximum cv. Aruana compared with Brachiaria humidicola affected root colonization in maize. The results indicated a preferencial association between fungi species to certain host plants. After planting crops and pastures, the genera with higher occurrence were: Glomus sp., Acaulospora sp. e Scutelospora cerradensis.
