[The effect of hypothalamic factors on the proliferation and cell differentiation of adenohypophyseal glandular epithelium implanted into the anterior chamber of the eye]. / Vliianie gipotalamicheskikh faktorov na proliferatsiiu i tsitodifferentsirovku zhelezistogo épiteliia adenogipofiza pri implantatsii v peredniuiu kameru glaza.

The purpose was to determine the effect of a complex of factors of large cell (supraoptic, paraventricular) or small cell (arcuate) hypothalamic nuclei on adenohypophyseal proliferation and cytodifferentiation, manifested in body tissue culture. Experiments were staged on 80 hypophysectomized random bred albino male rats with a body mass of 200-230 g. The evaluation of cell types of adenocytes was performed at stages of implantation every 12h-26 days with the help of light optic, electron microscopic, histoautoradiographic, immunohistochemical and radioimmunoassay methods. Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei were shown to provide for the stimulation of adenocytic proliferation. The factors of paraventricular nuclei enhanced secretion in somato-, mammo-, thyro- and corticotropocytes and created conditions for their secondary cytodifferentiation.

[Radioimmunological method of determining the growth hormone of rats]. / Radioimmunologicheskii metod opredeleniia gormona rosta krysy.

The paper is concerned with working out a system of a homologous radioimmunoassay for determination of the growth hormone of rats. The obtaining of all components of the system was described including a specimen of homogeneous highly purified rat STH and a guinea-pig antiserum to it. Conditions for running the RIA which provided for getting a calibrated curve within the range of effective STH doses of 5-1000 ng/ml were described. A study of the specificity of the STH determination method demonstrated that under such conditions LH (rLH-RP-1, NIADDK) and TTH (rTSH-RP-2, NIADDK) did not show activity and rat prolactin revealed insignificant activity equal to 1.3% of STH activity. Using the above method STH levels were determined in the blood plasma of Wistar rats under the following experimental conditions: in intact animals after L-arginine load and 2 weeks after hypophysectomy. STH levels under these conditions were 42 +/- 2.6, 102 +/- 3.8 and 8.6 +/- +/- 1.2 ng/ml, respectively. The authors presented the results of comparative immunological activity of the obtained STH specimen and the STH specimens of rats, NIADDK.

[Biological properties of structural analogs of thyroliberin]. / Issledovanie biologicheskikh svoistv strukturnykh analogov tiroliberina.

Effects of 8 synthetic tripeptides--structural analogues of thyroliberin (TRH)--in basal and TRH-induced secretion of prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH) were studied in primary cultures of rat pituitary cells. 7 tripeptides had chemical structure Pyr-Ser-X-NH2, where X was Leu, Val, Asn, Ala, Ile, Met, Phe. One tripeptide had the structure Pyr-Ser-Gly-OCH3. Some of the tripeptides studied exhibited weak TRH-like effects on PRL and TSH release and other substances were able to inhibit partially the TRH-induced PRL secretion. However, none of the TRH analogues studied changed secretory activity of thyrotropic and lactotropic cells in culture in unidirectional manner. The data obtained suggest heterogeneity of the TRH receptors in lactotrophs and thyrotrophs of rat pituitary.

[Effect of C-terminal tetrapeptide cholecystokinin (CCK-4) on the function of the islands of Langerhans and the adenohypophysis]. / Vliianie C-kontsevogo tetrapeptida kholetsistokinina (CCK-4) na funktsiiu ostrovkov Langergansa i adenogipofiza.

A study was made of the action of C-terminal tetrapeptide cholecystokinin (CCK-4) on the secretory function of A-, B- and D-cells of the islets of Langerhans and on the lactotropic function of the hypophysis. Intravenous injection into rats of CCK-4 in doses of 5 and 50 micrograms/kg bw resulted within 2 min in increased blood immunoreactive insulin. Tetrapeptide also exerted a stimulant dose-dependent action on the function of insulin-, glucagon- and somatostatin-secreting pancreatic cells of the pancreatic islets in culture at concentrations ranging within 10(-9)-10(-6)M. When given in the same doses CCK-4 did not affect basal or dopamine-inhibited prolactin secretion by cultured adenohypophyseal cells. It is concluded that CCK-4 stimulates insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion by direct contact with target cells.

[Effect of met enkephalin, leu enkephalin and their retro analogs on the lactotropic function of the pituitary gland]. / Vliianie met-enkefalina, lei-enkefalina i ikh retro-analogov na.

When administered subcutaneously to male rats, the novel peptides retromet-enkephalin and retro-leu-enkephalin stimulated prolactin (PRL) release less powerfully than morphine but somewhat greater than met-enkephalin. Leu-enkephalin did not affect PRL secretion in vivo. Neither morphine nor any of opioid peptides under study were able to stimulate basal or the dopamine-inhibited PRL release from cultured adenohypophyseal cells of male rats. It is concluded that stimulatory effects of opiates and opioid peptides on PRL secretion in rats are mediated via the hypothalamus or some other neural structures.

[Biological properties of 11-deoxyprostaglandin E1]. / Issledovanie nekotorykh biologicheskikh svoistv 11-dezoksiprostaglandina E1.

A study was made of 11-desoxyprostaglandin E1 (11-desoxy-PGE1) effect on bronchial resistance, gastric secretion, indomethacin-induced ulcer in rats and adrenalin-produced lipolysis in rat epididymal adipose tissue in vitro. The drug exerted dose-dependent bronchodilator effect in doses of 1 to 100 micrograms/kg. ED50 was 18.66 micrograms/kg. The bronchodilator effect of 11-desoxy-PGE1 was 46.5 to 50.5% of alupent activity within 60 minutes and 97.8% for a period of 60 to 90 minutes. The drug administration in the presence of bronchial spasm considerably reduces the bronchodilator effect duration (down to 5 to 15 minutes). 11-desoxy-PGE1 produces dose-dependent decrease in gastric secretion (ED50 = 4000 micrograms/kg) and hydrogen ion concentration in rat gastric juice (ED50 = 2000 micrograms/kg). The use of 1-desoxy-PGE1 in rats prior to indomethacin injection protects the gastric mucosa, diminishing erosion number. ED50 was equal to 50 micrograms/kg. The drug exerts inhibitory effect on adrenalin-induced lipolysis of the epididymal adipose tissue in vitro. The most pronounced action of 11-desoxy-PGE1 is its bronchodilator effect manifesting after the minimum dose use (1 microgram/kg).

[Relationship between the structure and estroginic activity of bromine- and silyl-substitutes of estradiol]. / Zavisimost' mezhdu stroeniem i éstrogennoi adtivnost'iu brom- i sililzameshchennykh éstradiola.

Comparative study of the estrogen properties of 2- and 4-brom and silyl-substituted estradiol administered subcutaneously and orally was carried out on sexually immature female rats. In comparison with initial estrogen, estradiol, silyl-group (SiMe3) substituted in the 4th position diminished the estrogen activity after subcutaneous injection but improved it considerably when given orally. Introduction of silyl radical in the 2nd position or of bromine in the 2nd and 4th positions of the estradiol molecule led to practically complete loss of the estrogenic activity irrespective of the method of administration of these compounds.