ABSTRACT
Phytotoxicity of colloidal solutions of metal-containing nanoparticles (Ag, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn) has been investigated using a standard Allium cepa (L.) test system. Toxicity of experimental solutions at the organism level was evaluated in terms of biomass growth of onion roots, and cytotoxicity was estimated by the mitotic index of root meristem cells. The colloidal solutions of metal nanoparticles inhibited the growth of Allium cepa (L.) roots due to their ability to penetrate into cells and interact with their components, and thus to inhibit mitosis. According to our results cytotoxicity of test solutions decreases in the following order: Cu > or = Zn > Ag > or = Fe. Solution of Mn-containing nanoparticles revealed physiological activity according to root growth reaction.
Subject(s)
Copper/toxicity , Iron/toxicity , Meristem/drug effects , Metal Nanoparticles/toxicity , Onions/drug effects , Plant Roots/drug effects , Silver/toxicity , Zinc/toxicity , Biological Transport , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Colloids , Copper/chemistry , Iron/chemistry , Manganese/chemistry , Manganese/pharmacology , Meristem/growth & development , Meristem/ultrastructure , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , Mitosis/drug effects , Mitotic Index , Onions/growth & development , Onions/ultrastructure , Plant Roots/growth & development , Plant Roots/ultrastructure , Silver/chemistry , Zinc/chemistryABSTRACT
The signaling effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on leaf mesophyll cells of Triticum aestivum L. under hyperthermic conditions was studied. It was found that BAP regulated photosynthetic pigment, hydrogen peroxide content and activity of antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase under high-temperature conditions. The additive effect of BAP and high temperature on the activation of cell antioxidant systems was demonstrated. BAP regulated reducing processes in mesophyll leaf cells under high-temperature conditions.
Subject(s)
Kinetin/pharmacology , Mesophyll Cells/drug effects , Plant Growth Regulators/pharmacology , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Triticum/drug effects , Ascorbate Peroxidases/metabolism , Benzyl Compounds , Catalase/metabolism , Hot Temperature , Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism , Mesophyll Cells/metabolism , Oxidation-Reduction , Photosynthesis/drug effects , Plant Leaves/drug effects , Plant Leaves/metabolism , Purines , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Stress, Physiological , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Triticum/metabolismABSTRACT
Exogenous hydrogen peroxide action in concentration of 500 microM on antioxidation enzyme activity of photosynthetic tissues of 7-day winter wheat sprouts was investigated. It is established, that catalase activity increased at the second hour of exposition, and it constrained development of lipid peroxidation at the first stages of stress. Superoxide dismutase activity increased at the forth hour of the experiment and the maximum values were reached in 24 hours. Treated plants restored their physiological status in 24 hours and supported it at the 48th hour of exposition. Protective reactions were stimulated by hydrogen peroxide.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Catalase/metabolism , Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Triticum/enzymology , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Plant Leaves/enzymology , Plant Shoots/enzymology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The results of the study of H2O2 treatment of wheat leaf glycolipid composition are presented. The fraction changes depended upon H2O2 concentration, way of treatment and exposition. The most typical reaction was galactolipid (MGDG, DGDG) content increase while lower sulpholipid variations at low doses of the root treatment and at leaf spraying.
