ABSTRACT
The Black Soldier Fly (BSF) Hermetia illucens provides a promising strategy in the waste valorisation process and a sustainable alternative source of valuable nutrients, including lipids for food and feed. In the present study, the differences in growth performances and nutritional values of BSF V instar larvae and prepupae reared on vegetable waste were analyzed and compared focusing on fat content. V instar larvae showed higher capacity to bioconvert the substrate into biomass than prepupae. The nutritional composition and the fatty acid profiles were dependent on the developmental stage. The expression levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (acc), fatty acid synthase (fas), lipase (lip) and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (acd) genes involved in the lipid metabolism pathway and herein characterized for the first time, were evaluated in order to understand the molecular basis underlying the observed differences in fatty acid profiles. Our results suggest that the different fatty acid profiles of BSF V instar larvae and prepupae may be related to the modulation of the lipid metabolism-related genes expression during larval development. Our study highlights substantial differences between H. illucens V instar larvae and prepupae giving important features regarding the opportunity to modulate the preferable fatty acid profile to meet the industrial requirements.
Subject(s)
Fatty Acids/analysis , Lipid Metabolism/genetics , Simuliidae/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Biomass , Fatty Acids/metabolism , Female , Larva/metabolism , Male , Phylogeny , Sequence Alignment , Simuliidae/genetics , Simuliidae/growth & developmentABSTRACT
A revision of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 of the tribe Peritelini Lacordaire (1863) (Curculionidae: Entiminae) which includes forty-three species is completed. According to morphological characters and distribution, the species are divided into three informal groups (the number of species ascribed to the group is in brackets). These are the Solariola doderoi group (15), the Solariola gestroi group (14) and the Solariola paganettii group (14). We present keys for the identification of the genus among the Palaeartic Peritelini and keys to identify all species groups and species. Distribution maps and data on ecology and phenology are also provided. In addition to the following nine species already belonging to the genus we list 34 new species as well: Solariola gestroi (A. F. Solari, 1903), Solariola paganettii (Flach, 1905), Solariola doderoi A. F. Solari (1923), Solariola hirtula (A. F. Solari,1923), Solariola vitalei A. F. Solari (1923), Solariola ruffoi Osella Di Marco (1996), Solariola angelae Baviera (2015), Solariola fraterna Baviera (2015), Solariola pesarinii Baviera (2015); Solariola angelinii Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola benellii Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola bucolorum Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola cajetanibelloi Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola calida Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola comata Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola diottii Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola fancelloi Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola forbixi Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola gratiensis Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola hyblensis Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola ientilei Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola margaritae Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola mariaeclarae Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola mariaesilvanae Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola mariaetheresiae Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola melonii Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola nemoralis Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola normanna Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola obsoleta Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola pacei Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola paulimagrinii Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola pentaphyllica Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola petriolii Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola poggii Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola raphaelis Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola rosae Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola sabellai Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola saccoi Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola sbordonii Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola selinusia Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola tedeschii Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola venusta Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n., Solariola zoiai Bellò, Osella Baviera sp.n..
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Weevils , Animal Distribution , Animals , EcologyABSTRACT
The genus Dodomeira Bellò & Baviera gen. n. of the tribe Peritelini Lacordaire (1863) (Curculionidae: Entiminae) which includes 39 species is described. Seven species are transferred from Pseudomeira Stierlin, 1881: Dodomeira confusa (Pierotti, 2012) comb. n., Dodomeira exigua (Stierlin, 1861) comb. n., Dodomeira ficuzzensis (Bellò & Baviera, 2011) comb. n., Dodomeira himerensis (Bellò & Baviera, 2011) comb. n., Dodomeira petrensis (Bellò & Baviera, 2011) comb. n., Dodomeira pfisteri (Stierlin, 1864) comb. n., Dodomeira trinacriae (Bellò & Baviera, 2011) comb. n.. Thirty-two species are new for science and here described: Dodomeira adrianae Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira alta Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira angelae Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira asinelliensis Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira belicensis Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira bertoni Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira calatina Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira caoduroi Bellò & Baviera sp. n. n., Dodomeira elima Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira enzoi Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira fossor Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira forbicionii Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira genistae Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira giustoi Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira hiemalis Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira ibleiensis Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira illuminatae Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira juliae Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira laliaensis Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira magrinii Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira montivaga Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira margheritae Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira maritimaensis Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira nobilis Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira paladinii Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira sabellai Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira saccoi Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira sicana Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira sicelidis Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira siderea Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira silvanae Bellò & Baviera sp. n., Dodomeira zingara Bellò & Baviera sp. n.. In addition, according to morphological characters, eight informal groups of species are established (the number of species ascribed to the group is in brackets): Dodomeira adrianae species group (13), Dodomeira caoduroi species group (2), Dodomeira exigua species group (5), Dodomeira ficuzzensis species group (2), Dodomeira maritimaensis species group (1), Dodomeira petrensis species group (2), Dodomeira pfisteri species group (13), Dodomeira saccoi species group (1). We present a key for the identification of the new genus among Palaearctic Peritelini, one for single species groups and an other for each species. A checklist of all the species currently known of Dodomeira gen. n. and Pseudomeira Stierlin (1881), with distribution maps and data on ecology and phenology of all the species of Dodomeira gen. n. are also provided.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures , Animals , Sicily , WeevilsABSTRACT
The Otiorhynchus subgenus Baldorhynchus Di Marco & Osella, 2002 is revised and elevated to the genus level, stat. n.. The following species-level taxa were also elevated to the species level: Baldorhynchus caoduroi (Osella, 1983) stat. n. from Otiorhynchus (Baldorhynchus) amicalis caoduroi (Osella, 1983); Baldorhynchus comottii (Osella, 1983) stat. n. from Otiorhynchus (Baldorhynchus) moczarskii comottii (Osella, 1983); Baldorhynchus lessinicus (Osella, 1983) stat. n. from Otiorhynchus (Baldorhynchus) amicalis cenomanus (Colonnelli & Magnano, 2003) = Troglorhynchus amicalis ssp. lessinicus (Osella, 1983); Baldorhynchus toscolanus (Osella, 1983) stat. n. from Otiorhynchus (Baldorhynchus) kahleni toscolanus (Osella, 1983) and Baldorhynchus valvestinus (Osella, 1983) stat. n. from Otiorhynchus (Baldorhynchus) kahleni valvestinus (Osella, 1983). The following new combinations and resurrections are also proposed: Baldorhynchus carinatus (Osella, 1983) nom. res. from Troglorhynchus carinatus Osella (1983) = Otiorhynchus (Troglorhynchus) serradae Colonnelli & Magnano (2003); Otiorhynchus (Troglorhynchus) radjai (Di Marco & Osella, 2002) comb. n. from Otiorhynchus (Baldorhynchus) radjai Di Marco & Osella (2002); Baldorhynchus ferrarii (F.Solari, 1955) nom. res. from Troglorhynchus ferrarii F. Solari (1955) = Otiorhynchus (Baldorhynchus) adrianoi Magnano (2001); Baldorhynchus judicariensis (Osella, 1983) nom. res. from Troglorhynchus judicariensis Osella (1983) = Otiorhynchus (Baldorhynchus) clibbianus Colonnelli & Magnano (2003); Baldorhynchus lessinicus (Osella, 1983) nom. res. from Troglorhynchus amicalis ssp. lessinicus Osella (1983) = Otiorhynchus (Baldorhynchus) amicalis cenomanus (Colonnelli & Magnano, 2003). Twenty-one species are new to science: Baldorhynchus agostianus Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus anachoreta Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus bodeianus Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus branchianus Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus cohabitator Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus danzii Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus deceptor Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus grottoloi Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus magasaensis Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus marianus Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus metallarius Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus monguzzii Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus nardii Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus paladinii Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus pedersolii Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus pivai Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus regalini Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus ruzzieri Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus saccoi Bellò & Osella sp. n., Baldorhynchus settei Bellò & Osella sp. n. and Baldorhynchus tedeschii Bellò & Osella sp. n.. Thirty-seven species are assigned to the genus Baldorhynchus. Finally, in addition to having redescribed Baldorhynchus moczarskii (Breit, 1913), we designate a neotype for Baldorhynchus baldensis (Czwalina, 1875). A key to species and groups of species, a checklist of all species, diagnosis, distribution maps and details of ecology are provided.
Subject(s)
Weevils/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Checklist , Ecosystem , Female , Male , Organ Size , Weevils/anatomy & histology , Weevils/growth & developmentABSTRACT
Fauna Europaea provides a public web-service with an index of scientific names (including synonyms) of all living European land and freshwater animals, their geographical distribution at country level (up to the Urals, excluding the Caucasus region), and some additional information. The Fauna Europaea project covers about 230,000 taxonomic names, including 130,000 accepted species and 14,000 accepted subspecies, which is much more than the originally projected number of 100,000 species. This represents a huge effort by more than 400 contributing specialists throughout Europe and is a unique (standard) reference suitable for many users in science, government, industry, nature conservation and education. Coleoptera represent a huge assemblage of holometabolous insects, including as a whole more than 200 recognized families and some 400,000 described species worldwide. Basic information is summarized on their biology, ecology, economic relevance, and estimated number of undescribed species worldwide. Little less than 30,000 species are listed from Europe. The Coleoptera 2 section of the Fauna Europaea database (Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga and Polyphaga excl. the series Elateriformia, Scarabaeiformia, Staphyliniformia and the superfamily Curculionoidea) encompasses 80 families (according to the previously accepted family-level systematic framework) and approximately 13,000 species. Tabulations included a complete list of the families dealt with, the number of species in each, the names of all involved specialists, and, when possible, an estimate of the gaps in terms of total number of species at an European level. A list of some recent useful references is appended. Most families included in the Coleoptera 2 Section have been updated in the most recent release of the Fauna Europaea index, or are ready to be updated as soon as the FaEu data management environment completes its migration from Zoological Museum Amsterdam to Berlin Museum für Naturkunde.
ABSTRACT
The species of the Italian endemic weevil genus, Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), are revised, the genus is re-diagnosed, re-described and transferred from the tribe Otiorhynchini to Peritelini. Three new species are described: Solariola angelae n. sp. and Solariola pesarinii n. sp. from Sicily, and Solariola fraterna n. sp. from Calabria. Solariola hirtula (A. Solari & F. Solari, 1923) is considered a good species and not a subspecies of Solariola gestroi (A. Solari & F. Solari, 1904), bringing the total number of species considered valid to 9. All the previously described species are re-described in detail. Distribution, ecology, maps and figures are provided for all the species of the genus, as well as a species-level identification key and a checklist of all known species.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Checklist , Coleoptera/anatomy & histology , Coleoptera/growth & development , Ecosystem , Female , Male , Organ SizeABSTRACT
Two new species of Oxytrechus Jeannel 1927 are described from the páramos of the Ecuadorian Andes in Pichincha province (Ecuador: Northern Sierra): O. osellai n. sp. from Cangahua at 3375 m a.s.l. and O. belloi n. sp. from Paso de la Virgen at 3515 m a.s.l.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera/classification , Animal Distribution , Animal Structures/anatomy & histology , Animal Structures/growth & development , Animals , Body Size , Coleoptera/anatomy & histology , Coleoptera/growth & development , Ecosystem , Ecuador , Male , Organ SizeABSTRACT
A new species of Meira Jacquelin du Val, 1852 from northeast Italy is described: Meira mariaesilvanae sp. n. This is the first discovery of the genus Meira in the northeast of Italy outside the hitherto known distribution. Ecological and distributional data are provided for the new species. Photos of habitus, some morphological details, genitalia and of the type locality illustrate the work. In addition we provide a dichotomous key to Italian species and a checklist to known Meira species.
