ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of premature ovarian failure on bone mineral density. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five women with karyotypically normal spontaneous premature ovarian failure underwent hip and spinal bone density measurements by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Findings were compared with a control group of 61 women of similar age. RESULTS: The median (range) age of the women with premature ovarian failure was 33 (18-39) years. The median (range) time since diagnosis of premature ovarian failure was 2 years (0.5-7). Forty-one of the women (91%) had sought medical advice previously and had taken a variety of estrogen and progestin replacement regimens at least intermittently. Both the femoral neck bone mineral density measurements and the spinal bone mineral density measurements were significantly lower than measurements of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that premature ovarian failure has significantly lower levels of bone mineral density than the control group of normal women. We suggest that hormone replacement therapy should be substituted early and consistently in affected patients. Our data also raise questions about whether preservation of bone mass in these patients will require replacement of additional gonadal steroids.
Subject(s)
Osteoporosis/etiology , Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/complications , Absorptiometry, Photon , Adolescent , Adult , Bone Density , Estrogen Replacement Therapy , Female , Femur Neck , Humans , Osteoporosis/prevention & control , Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/physiopathology , SpineABSTRACT
This study was undertaken to examine the reproductive impact of unicornuate uterine abnormalities cases in a group of 571 women with a uterine anomaly. Hospital records of 1784 patients who presented to the infertility outpatient clinic with infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, pain or acute abdomen during the study period between January 1991 and January 2001, were reviewed retrospectively. The reproductive performance of women with unicornuate uterus was poor, with a live birth rate of only 29.2%, prematurity rate of 44%, miscarriage rate of 29%, and an ectopic pregnancy rate of 4%.
Subject(s)
Abortion, Spontaneous/epidemiology , Infertility, Female/epidemiology , Uterine Diseases/congenital , Uterine Diseases/epidemiology , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Abortion, Habitual/etiology , Abortion, Spontaneous/etiology , Birth Rate , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Infertility, Female/etiology , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Pregnancy, Ectopic/epidemiology , Pregnancy, Ectopic/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Turkey , Uterine Diseases/complicationsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical features of 9 cases and review the previously reported 8 cases of an uncommon müllerian anomaly, characterized by the presence of a complete uterine septum with cervical duplication and represent a a longitudinal vaginal septum. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. RESULTS: Nine patients aged 21-32 presented to our clinic with complaints of dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, and primary or secondary infertility. All 9 patients displayed a single uterus with smooth fundal contour, double cervix and longitudinal vaginal septum. Some additional abnormal findings were associated with these anomalies in some patients: polycystic ovaries in 3 cases and different degrees of endometriosis in 2 cases. Most of the patients had normal tubal patency. CONCLUSION: According to a MEDLINE search, only 8 cases of septate uterus with cervical duplication and a longitudinal vaginal septum have been reported to date. We report 9 more cases, which suggest that this atypical septate uterus type is probably more frequent than reported. These cases support the bidirectional müllerian theory and may imply the presence of another type of mullerian anomaly.
