ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPN) are soluble members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. Growing evidence suggest that there is link between inflammation, insulin resistance and OPG, soluble RANKL (sRANKL). We aimed to ascertain whether OPG and sRANKL levels are altered in prediabetic subjects and there is association between OPG/sRANKL and metabolic parameters. METHODS: Forty prediabetic subjects and 40 age- and BMI-matched controls were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Circulating OPG, sRANKL were measured using ELISA. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were also determined. RESULTS: Circulating sRANKL (97.74±17.67 vs. 55.00±11.19 pg/mL, P=0.010) and OPG (261.54±74.55 vs. 159.23±52.91 pg/mL, P=0.020) levels were found to be significantly higher in diabetic subjects compared with control subjects. There was a positive correlation between sRANKL and OPG. sRANKL also positively correlated with BMI, insulin resistance marker HOMA-IR, inflammatory marker hs-CRP. Logistic regression analyses revealed that the odds ratio was increased for prediabetes in subjects with having elevated sRANKL levels. CONCLUSIONS: Increased sRANKL and OPG levels were associated with prediabetic subjects. sRANKL and OPG may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes as well as metabolic disturbance.
Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue , C-Reactive Protein/genetics , Insulin Resistance/genetics , Osteoprotegerin/genetics , Prediabetic State/genetics , RANK Ligand/genetics , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Osteoprotegerin/blood , RANK Ligand/bloodABSTRACT
We aimed to determine the relationship between serum ghrelin levels and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) fetuses in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A case-control study was conducted in 32 women with GDM and LGA fetuses (GDM + LGA group), 35 women with GDM and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) fetuses (GDM + AGA group), 32 women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and LGA fetuses (NGT + LGA group), and 31 women with NGT and AGA fetuses (NGT + AGA group). All participants were recruited at the time of GDM diagnosis between 24 and 30 weeks of pregnancy. Participants also underwent ultrasonographic examinations. Serum ghrelin levels were significantly higher in GDM + LGA and GDM + AGA groups than in the NGT + AGA group. In the univariate model, biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference (AC), femur length and ghrelin values were significant predictors of LGA fetuses. In the multivariate model, only AC remained as a predictor of LGA fetuses.
Subject(s)
Diabetes, Gestational/blood , Fetal Macrosomia/diagnostic imaging , Ghrelin/blood , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Female , Fetal Macrosomia/etiology , Gestational Age , Humans , Pregnancy , Ultrasonography, PrenatalABSTRACT
This study entailed a cross-examination of oxidant/antioxidant balance, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-linked paraoxonase 1 (PON1) phenotypes, and levels of serum routine lipids among patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) or pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEXG) compared with healthy control groups. We aimed to investigate the links between oxidative stress (OS), HDL-related antioxidant enzyme activities and dyslipidemia in distinct subtypes of glaucoma. The study included 32 patients with NTG, 31 patients with PEXG, and 40 control subjects. Levels of PON1 and arylesterase enzymatic activity, total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status were measured by spectrophotometry and OS indexes (OSI) were calculated. The phenotype distribution of PON1 was determined using the dual substrate method. Blood serum levels of HDL, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. The TOS and OSI values in the NTG group were significantly higher compared with the other groups (both p < 0.01). The phenotype distribution found in the glaucoma and control groups were NTG: QQ, 59.4%; QR, 37.5%; RR, 3.1%; PEXG: QQ, 45.1%; QR, 48.4%; RR, 6.5%; and in the control group: QQ, 42.5%; QR, 50.0%; RR, 7.5%. Serum TC levels were significantly higher than the control in both NTG and PEXG groups, whereas TG was significantly higher in NTG only (p < 0.01 and p < 0.02, respectively). Hyperlipidemia, OS and variations in phenotype distribution of PON1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of different types of glaucoma.
Subject(s)
Glaucoma/blood , Lipids/blood , Oxidative Stress , Adult , Aged , Antioxidants/chemistry , Aryldialkylphosphatase/blood , Case-Control Studies , Cholesterol/blood , Female , Glaucoma/classification , Glaucoma/diagnosis , Humans , Lipoproteins, HDL/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Oxidants/chemistry , Phenotype , Polymorphism, Genetic , Triglycerides/bloodABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to observe the association between venous thromboembolism (VTE) and oxidative stress and to see if there is a diagnostic value in the oxidative/antioxidative balance parameters like total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), paraoxonase-(PON1), and arylesterase (ARE) enzyme activities in this specific disease. METHODS: Sixty-nine patients with deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism and 40 control subjects were included in the study. Oxidative stress index, total oxidant status, and antioxidant status were examined in addition to the PON1 and ARE enzyme activities in both groups. RESULTS: Serum PON1 and ARE activities were significantly lower in the VTE patients, whereas total oxidant status was higher in patients compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study showed that oxidative/antioxidative balance shifted towards the oxidative status in venous thromboembolism. ROC analysis results suggested that the parameters used in this study were not good enough to be used in the diagnosis of VTE.
