Analysis of 3702 patients with acne vulgaris and concomitant comorbidities in Turkey: a multi-centered, prospective, controlled study.

BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects the pilosebaceous unit. Although it is considered to be a skin-limited disease, different clinical studies have recently been published in which the disease is accompanied by systemic symptoms. In this study, systemic comorbidities accompanying acne vulgaris and the relationship between existing comorbidities and disease severity are investigated. METHODS: This prospective multicenter study was conducted by the Turkish Society of Dermatology Acne Study Group. Twelve dermatology clinics and 14 clinicians throughout Turkey participated in the study. A structured physician-administered questionnaire was used to collect patient demographics, clinical findings, and lifestyle data. Physicians recorded each participant's medical history, including current and past comorbidities, duration of any comorbidity, smoking, and drinking. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. RESULTS: There were 3022 patients in the adolescent acne group and 897 in the control group. The incidence of nonmigraine headache in adolescents with acne was significantly higher than in the nonacne group (P = 0.019). There were 680 patients in the postadolescent acne group and 545 in the control group. In the postadolescent group, incidence of metabolic disease was lower than the control group (P = 0.003). In the postadolescent group, premenstrual syndrome (P < 0.001) and PCOS (P = 0.007) were more common than the control group. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we observed that acne vulgaris does not cause systemic comorbidities. There is also a need for new studies involving a large number of patients to illuminate systemic diseases accompanying acne vulgaris.

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Mucosal Lichen Planus: A Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND: Previous reports have demonstrated an association between chronic inflammation with metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular risk factors. AIM: As lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disease, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of MS, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and obesity in LP patients. METHODS: A total of 79 patients with LP and 79 controls were examined in this case-control study. Both groups were evaluated for the presence of MS, dyslipidemia, obesity and insulin resistance, and other cardiovascular risk factors. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein were measured as inflammation markers. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS was significantly higher in the patients with LP than in controls (26.6 vs. 12.7%; P = 0.045). It was also significantly higher in LP patients with mucosal involvement than without (34.5 vs. 8.3%; P = 0.032). Among the MS criteria, mean fasting blood glucose and diastolic blood pressure were also significantly higher in LP patients than in controls (P = 0.012 and P = 0.021, respectively). No significant differences between LP patients and controls were observed with respect to prevalence of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance (P = 0.866 and P = 1.000, respectively). However, duration of disease was significantly longer in patients with insulin resistance than in those without (P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS: The patients with LP, particularly those with mucosal involvement, have a higher prevalence of MS, which is associated with a risk for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.