Antimicrobial resistance trend of bacterial uropathogens at the university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, northwest Ethiopia: A 10 years retrospective study.

Urinary tract infection and antimicrobial resistance remains the major problem, with significant health and socioeconomic burden, particularly in developing countries. This infection is commonly caused by Gram-negative bacteria, principally by Escherichia coli. So, this study aimed to determine bacterial isolates and antimicrobial resistance trend among patients with urinary tract infection at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A retrospective study was conducted from January 1st to February 28th. A ten years (2010-2019) record of urine culture results, the biochemical test and antimicrobial susceptibility test results of isolates were collected from the medical microbiology laboratory register using a checklist. Data quality was checked, entered, and analyzed using SPSS version 23. We have presented results through descriptive tables and graphs. The overall prevalence of urinary tract infection among 4441 patients was 24.1%. Escherichia coli (37.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.4%), and Staphylococcus aureus (9.1%) were the predominant uropathogens. The infection rate was nearly similar across both sexes but highest in the age group above 60 years. Above 75% of Gram-negative isolates were resistant to ampicillin (92.5%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (80.1%), tetracycline (79.3%), cefuroxime (79.2%), and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (78.3%). Over 2/3 of Gram-positive isolates also showed increased resistance to tetracycline (84.8%) and penicillin (71.6%). Moreover, more than 44% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). We have seen an inconsistent trend of antimicrobial resistance, with an overall resistance rate of above 50%. In conclusion, the overall prevalence of urinary tract infection was high and elderly patients were most affected. More than 70% of both Gram positive and gram-negative isolates were resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, tetracycline, cefuroxime, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Above than 44% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance calls for routine diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. A prospective multicenter study indicating the status of resistance should be encouraged.

Tuberculosis and its association with CD4+ T cell count among adult HIV positive patients in Ethiopian settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) and HV have been intertwined and makeup a deadly human syndemic worldwide, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. Previous studies have reported different TB incidences and its association with CD4+ T cell counts among HIV positive patients in Ethiopia. Thus, the goal of this meta-analysis was, first, to determine pooled incident TB among adult HIV positive patients, and second, to assess the association between incident TB and baseline CD4+ T cell count strata's. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Cochrane library, Science Direct and Google scholar databases from June 1 to 30, 2018. The I2 statistics and Egger's regression test was used to determine heterogeneity and publication bias among included studies respectively. A random effects model was used to estimate pooled incident TB and odds ratio with the respective 95% confidence intervals using Stata version 11.0 statistical software. RESULTS: A total of 403 research articles were identified, and 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled incident TB among adult HIV infected patients in Ethiopia was 16.58% (95% CI; 13.25-19.91%). Specifically, TB incidence in Pre-ART and ART was 17.16% (95% CI; 7.95-26.37%) and 16.24% (95% CI; 12.63-19.84%) respectively. Moreover, incident TB among ART receiving patients with baseline CD4+ T cell count < and > 200 cells/mm3 was 28.86% (95% CI; 18.73-38.98%) and 13.7% (95% CI; 1.41-25.98%) correspondingly. The odds of getting incident TB was 2.88 (95% CI; 1.55-5.35%) for patients with baseline CD4+ T cell count < 200 cells/mm3 compared to patients with baseline CD4+ T cell count > 200 cells/mm3. CONCLUSION: High incident TB among adult HIV positive patients was estimated, especially in patients with CD4+ T cell count < 200 cells/mm3. Therefore, Early HIV screening and ART initiation, as well as strict compliance with ART and increasing the coverage of TB preventive therapy to more risky groups are important to prevent the problem. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Study protocol registration: CRD42018090802.

Circulating microRNAs as possible biomarkers for coronary artery disease: a narrative review.

Coronary artery disease is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases in the world. Involvement of microRNAs on the pathogenesis of this disease was reported either in beneficial or detrimental way. Different studies have also speculated that circulating microRNAs can be applied as promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Particularly, microRNA-133a seems to fulfill the criteria of ideal biomarkers due to its role in the diagnosis, severity assessment and in prognosis. The panel of circulating microRNAs has also improved the predictive power of coronary artery disease compared to single microRNAs. In this review, the role of circulating microRNAs for early detection, severity assessment and prognosis of coronary artery disease were reviewed.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Glycemic Control and Its Associated Factors among Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologic factors characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism. It can play the vital role in the cause of morbidity and mortality through continued clinical consequence. Therefore, good knowledge, attitude, and practices of glycemic control are necessary in promoting care, in enhancing better therapeutic outcomes, and in the prevention and management of diabetes complications. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was conducted to determine knowledge, attitude, and practice towards glycemic control and its associated factors. Diabetic patients who were attending the University of Gondar Hospital from March to May 2018 were included in the study. The data was collected using questionnaires, and individuals that can fulfill our inclusion criteria were selected by a simple random sampling technique. SPSS version 20 was used for descriptive and logistic regression analysis, and finally, the variables were summarized and presented using tables and graphs. RESULTS: Of the total 403 participants, 216 (53.6%) were males and 176 (43.7%) were illiterate. Of the total, 250 (62%) had good knowledge, 271 (67.2%) had a good attitude, and 300 (74.4%) had good practice towards glycemic control. In multivariate logistic regression, occupational status and marital status were significantly associated with the knowledge of participants towards glycemic control. Occupational status, educational status, and marital status were significantly associated with attitude and practice towards glycemic control. CONCLUSION: More than half of the participants had good knowledge, attitude, and practice towards glycemic control. Occupational status and marital status were significantly associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice towards glycemic control.

Chronic kidney disease among human immunodeficiency virus positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are at risk for renal disease as a consequence of complications of antiretroviral treatment. Particularly, the complication of kidney disease is high in patients who switched to Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. The treatment is associated with nephrotoxicity, decrease in glomerular filtration rate, leading to kidney disease. This review focused on assessing the effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on kidney function among HIV-positive patients. Initially, the study protocol was registered on Prospero and given a unique identification number of CRD42018087686. We then conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, the Cochrane library, and Google from 2008 to September 2018. We found 742 study results eligible for this review. After stringent filtration mechanism, 15 qualified studies were used for systematic review and meta-analysis process. Cross-sectional, cohort, randomized controlled trials, and prospective studies were eligible for inclusion in the study. The overall pooled prevalence found in this meta-analysis was 6.42% with high statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 96.7%). The highest subgroup prevalence was reported from Ghana, with subgroup prevalence of 13.65% without statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0%). Majority of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was in stage 3 with subgroup prevalence of 6.78% and tolerable statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 66.7%). There was high pooled prevalence of CKD among HIV-positive patients on ART in Sub-Saharan Africa. The highest subgroup prevalence was reported from Ghana. Majority of CKD was reported in stage 3.

Reference intervals of routine clinical chemistry parameters among apparently healthy young adults in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Clinical laboratory reference intervals (RIs) are essential for clinical diagnosis, treatment and therapeutic monitoring. Locally established RIs are required to correctly interpret clinical laboratory results. In Ethiopia, clinical laboratory test results are interpreted based on RIs derived from a western population. METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among blood donors in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia from March 2016 to May 2017. A total of 1,175 apparently healthy study participants were included in the study from four blood banks in the region. All clinical chemistry parameters were analyzed using Mindray BS-200E full automated clinical chemistry analyzer. The 95% RIs were estimated using reference limits at 2.5th percentile for the lower reference limit and 97.5th percentile for the upper reference limit. Kolmogorov-Sminorv and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to check data distribution normality and whether partitions were needed between variables, respectively. RESULTS: RIs established include: ALT 5.13-42.88 U/L for males and 4.3-37 U/L for females; AST 12.13-46.88 for males and 10-43.8 U/L for females; ALP 77.2-475.8 U/L for males and 89-381 U/L for females; amylase 29-309.8 U/L for males and 29-287.9 U/L for females; GGT 7-69.8 U/L for males and 6-39.1 U/L for females; total bilirubin 0.11-1.18 mg/dl for males and 0.08-0.91 mg/dl for females; creatinine 0.48-1.13 mg/dl for males and 0.47-1.09 mg/dl for females; total cholesterol 78.13-211.75 mg/dl for males and 83.6-202.7 mg/dl for females; total protein 5.7-9.7 g/dl for males and 5.6-9.47 for females; triglycerides 36-221.9 mg/dl for males and 35.3-201.5 mg/dl for females; urea 12-43 mg/dl for males and 10-38.7 mg/dl for females; and uric acid 2.7-6.9 mg/dl for males and 2.1-5.9 mg/dl for females. CONCLUSION: This study has established RIs for routine clinical chemistry parameters. These RIs are important as they support the interpretation of clinical laboratory results for medical decision making and other health-related activities.

Errors in the Total Testing Process in the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Laboratory services have been described as the major processes contributing to safe patient care in the modern healthcare sector. However, occurrences of errors in the overall testing processes impair the clinical decision-making process. Such errors are supposed to be high in resource-poor countries, like Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to assess errors in the total testing process in the Clinical Chemistry laboratory of the University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Hospital from February to March 2016. All the required data were collected using established quality indicators. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Frequencies and cross-tabulations were used to summarize descriptive statistics. RESULTS: A total of 3259 samples and corresponding laboratory request forms were received for analysis. The analysis of the overall distribution of errors revealed that 89.6% were pre-analytical errors, 2.6% were analytical, and 7.7% were post-analytical errors. Of the pre-analytical errors, incomplete request form filling was the most frequent error observed, followed by sample rejection rate (3.8%). Analytical errors related to internal and external quality control exceeding the target range, (14.4%) and (51.4%) respectively, were reported. Excessive turnaround time and unreported critical value cases were the major defects in the post-analytical phase of quality assurance. CONCLUSION: The present finding showed relatively high frequency of errors, which alarms the importance of quality indicators to assess errors in the total testing process. The University of Gondar Hospital laboratory should improve the quality of healthcare services based on these findings using laboratory standards.

Biochemical Profiles of Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women Attending at the University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is a natural physiological statement with hormonal and metabolic changes that helps the growth and survival of the fetus. However, biochemical profiles derangement may lead to pregnancy complications. Therefore, there is a need for determining biochemical profiles among pregnant women. METHODS: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant and non-pregnant women at the University of Gondar Hospital, from February to April, 2015. Fasting blood sample was collected from 139 pregnant and 139 age matched non-pregnant women using systematic random sampling technique. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were measured by A25 Biosytemchemistry analyzer using enzymatic calorimetric methods. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Level of significance between groups was analyzed using independent student t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULT: Pregnant women as compared to non-pregnant had significantly increased glucose (96.35±14.45 and 81.12±9.86 mg/dl), total cholesterol (211.9±40.88 and 172.40±29.64 mg/dl) [p<0.05], respectively. It had also significantly high triglycerides (190.81±81.04 and 107.43±45.80 mg/dl) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (116.03±37.26 and 86.12±27.29mg/dl) [p<05] in pregnant as compared to non-pregnant women. The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in pregnant women (59.58±14.26) than control (63.63±11.4, P <0.05). CONCLUSION: There were statistically significant increment in glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decrement in high-density lipoprote in cholesterol levels among pregnant women compared with non-pregnant women. Therefore, pregnant women have to be monitored closely for their biochemical profiles to avoid adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Glycemic control and its associated factors among diabetes mellitus patients at Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital, Mekelle-Ethiopia.

Diabetes is one of the largest health emergencies of the twenty-first century and it is increasing with alarming rate throughout the world. Glycemic Control in diabetes patients is an important issue in minimizing diabetes related complications and deaths. Institution based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April, 2017. Glycated Hemoglobin A1c and biochemical profiles were determined using Huma Meter A1c and ABX PENTRA 400 clinical chemistry analyzer. Independent t-test to compare groups, bivariate and multi variable logistic regression analysis were used. A P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significance. A total of 336 study participants were enrolled in this study. Overall, 208(61.9%) of the study participants had poor glycemic control. The poor glycemic control was significantly higher in glucometer non-users 120(71.4%) compared to glucometer users 88(52.4%) (P < 0.001). Income, the number of visits, high-triglyceride, high low-density lipoprotein and non-glucometer use were significantly associated with the poor glycemic control.

Haematological and immunological reference intervals for adult population in the state of Amhara, Ethiopia.

OBJECTIVE: Reference intervals (RIs) currently being used in Ethiopia are derived from western populations. Thus, this study aimed to establish locally derived haematological and immunological RIs. METHOD: The study was conducted in Amhara State, Ethiopia with a total of 967 (55.2% males) participants. 56.9% of males and 43.1% of females were eligible for haematological and immunological RI determination. A non-parametric test was used for the determination of upper (97.5th percentile) and lower (2.5th percentile) reference interval limits with 95% CI. The Harris and Boyd Rule was used to determine the need of partitioning of reference intervals based on gender. RESULT: The established 95% reference intervals (2.5th-97.5th percentile) were: for WBC: 3-11.2 × 109 /l; for platelet: 90-399 × 109 /l; for RBC: 4-6 × 1012 /l for males and 3.5-5.6 × 1012 /l for females; for haemoglobin: (Hgb) 12-18.9 g/dl for males and 10.7-17.5 g/dl for females; for PCV: 35.7-55.3% for males and 32.2-50.1% for females; for CD4: 400-1430 × 109 /l for males and 466-1523 × 109 /l for females; for CD4 percentage: 18-49.1% for males and 21.3-52.9% for females; for MCV: 81-100 fl; for MCH: 25.3-34.6 pg; MCHC: 28.8-36.9%; for RDW: 11.6-15.4% and for MPV: 8-12.3 fl. Males had significantly higher RBC, Hgb and PCV than females. CD4 counts and CD4 percentage were significantly higher in females. CONCLUSION: The reference intervals established in this study differ from others and thus should be used for the interpretation of laboratory results in diagnosis and safety monitoring in clinical trials in Amhara.

Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Factors among Psychiatric Patients Receiving Antipsychotic Drugs at The University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Undiagnosed diabetes mellitus cases are at higher risk for diabetic related complications. In low-income African countries, patients with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus account for 75% of diabetes cases. Psychiatric disorders have a greater impact on the global burden of diseases and disability associated with chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Hospital from February to April 2016. A total of 205 psychiatric patients aged above 15 years that were taking antipsychotic were included by the simple random sampling method. Fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol level were determined from venous blood samples to evaluate diabetes mellitus based on WHO criteria. RESULTS: Among 205 psychiatric patients taking antipsychotics, 15(7.3%) had undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. Duration of antipsychotic treatment and sex had a statistically significant association with the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus. As the duration of antipsychotic drug treatment increased by one year, the risk of having a diabetes mellitus increase by 1.47 times (AOR: 1.47 CI: 1.021-2.125). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus among psychiatry patients taking antipsychotics was higher than the estimated diabetes national prevalence of Ethiopia. Screening of diabetes mellitus in particular, patients having a longer duration of antipsychotic treatment is mandatory to bring more undiagnosed cases for medical attention.

The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on the pancreatic ß-cells and insulin action.

Polyunsaturated Fatty acids have multiple effects in peripheral tissues and pancreatic beta cell function. The n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty acids prevent and reverse high-fat-diet induced adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. Insulin secretion is stimulated by glucose, amino acids, and glucagon- like peptide-1 in tissue containing high levels of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty acids than lower level of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty acids. Also, n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty acids led to decreased production of prostaglandin, which in turn contributed to the elevation of insulin secretion. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids prevent cytokine-induced cell death in pancreatic islets. Supplementation of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty acids for human subjects prevent beta cell destruction and insulin resistance. It also enhances insulin secretion, reduction in lipid profiles and glucose concentration particularly in type II diabetes patients. Therefore there should be a focus on the treatment mechanism of insulin related obesity and diabetes by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at a Tertiary Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors that is responsible for the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MetS and its components among T2DM patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Diabetes Clinic of the Hospital, from June to July, 2015. Data were entered into EPI INFO software and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. MetS prevalence was estimated using NCEP ATPIII and IDF criteria. Anthropometric measurements, investigations of serum glucose and lipid profiles were done. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate associated factors. A P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT: A total of 159 participants were included in the study; 119 (59.7%) were females with mean (±SD) age of (49.8±8.7) year. The prevalence of MetS was 66.7% in NCEP-ATP III and 53.5% in IDF definitions. The most prevalent component of MetS was elevated triglyceride (56.6% in ATPIII and 62.3% in IDF criteria), followed by abdominal obesity (61%) IDF and elevated blood pressure (55.4%) NCEP-ATPIII criteria. The regression analysis showed that increased age, being female, high BMI, having diabetes for over 5 years and poor glycemic control were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MetS and its components among T2DM patients were high, suggesting that diabetic patients are at increased risk of CVD and other complications. Efforts should be geared towards addressing these abnormalities through lifestyle modification, health awareness and medications in order to reduce this complication.

Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Risk Factors Assessment among Diabetes Mellitus Patients at A Tertiary Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease, particularly in diabetic patients, is increasing rapidly throughout the world. Nowadays, many individuals in developing nations are suffering from diabetes which is one of the primary risk factors of chronic kidney disease. METHODS: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Hospital from February to April 2016. A total of 229 study participants were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Urine sample was collected for albumin determination by dipstick. The Simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation was used to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Binary logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors. RESULTS: Of the total 229 study participants, 50.2% were females and the mean age was 47±15.7 years. Among study participants, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was found to be 21.8% (95% CI: 16% - 27%). Of all study participants, 9(3.9%) had renal impairment (eGFR < 60 ml/min/ 1.73 m2) and 46 (20.1%) had albuminuria. Older age (AOR: 5.239, 95% CI: 2.255-12.175), systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHg (AOR: 3.633, 95% CI: 1.597-8.265), type 2 diabetes mellitus (AOR: 3.751, 95% CI: 1.507-9.336) and longer duration of diabetes (AOR: 3.380, 95% CI: 1.393-8.197) were independent risk factors of CKD. CONCLUSIONS: The study identified high prevalence (21.8%) of CKD among diabetic adults. CKD was significantly associated with older age, systolic blood pressure, type 2 DM and longer duration of DM. Thus, DM patients should be diagnosed for chronic kidney disease and then managed accordingly.

Correlation between Serum Lipid Profile with Anthropometric and Clinical Variables in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

BACKGROUND: The problem of dyslipidemia is high in patients with diabetes mellitus. There is ample evidence that abnormalities in lipid metabolism are important risk factors for increased incidence of diabetes associated complications. The most important risk indicators for these complications are lipid profile abnormalities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the correlation between serum lipid profile with anthropometric and clinical variables among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. METHODS: A comparative cross sectional study was conducted at University of Gondar Hospital from February to April in 2015. A total of 296 participants (148 case and 148 healthy controls) were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Socio-demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire incorporating the WHO Stepwise approach. Fasting venous blood sample was collected for blood sugar; lipid profile investigations and the blood levels were determined by Bio Systems A25 Chemistry Analyzer (Costa Brava, Spain). Independent sample t-test and Man Whitney U test were used to compare means. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Overall, T2DM patients had significantly higher total cholesterol ([205.4±50.9vs184.9±44.1]mg/dl), low density lipoprotein ([113.1±43.2vs100.1±36.4] mg/dl) and triacylglycerol ([189.22± 100.9 vs 115.13±59.2] mg/dl), and significant decline of high density lipoprotein cholesterol ([56.5±20.4vs62.1±13] mg/dl) as compared to healthy controls, respectively. Triacylglycerolemia was significantly associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (AOR: 1.015; 95%CI: 1.010-1.021). Evident correlation was observed between anthropometric and clinical variables with lipid profile. CONCLUSION: Higher serum levels of fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triacylglycerol and lower levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol are found in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Thus, DM patients are more prone to dyslipidemia which is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.

Intestinal Parasitosis and Their Associated Factors among People Living with HIV at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest-Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Most HIV clients die of AIDS related intestinal parasitic infections rather than due to the HIV infection itself. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the prevalence of intestinal parasite and their associated factors among HIV/AIDS clients at the University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS: Institution based cross sectional study was conducted using systematic random sampling technique from March to May 2016. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Stool samples were collected and processed using direct wet mount, formol-ether concentration and modified Ziehl-Neelson staining techniques. Besides, blood samples were collected for CD4+ count estimation. Both descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used in data analysis. P-values <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 223 participants were enrolled in this study, and the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was found to be 29.1%. The most predominant intestinal parasite detected was cyst of Entamoeba histolytica (8.5%) followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (6.7%), Strongyloides sterocoralis (3.6%) and Cryptosporidium parvum (3.1%), whereas Schistosoma mansoni (0.9%) and Hymenolepis nana (0.9%) were the least detected. Absence of toilet (AOR= 19.4, CI: 6.46-58.3), improper hand washing before meal (AOR=11.23, 95% CI: 4.16-30.27 and CD4+ count < 200 cells/mm3 (AOR=33.31, 95% CI: 9.159-121.149) had significant association with prevalence of intestinal parasites. CONCLUSION: The study indicated that intestinal parasites are still a problem among HIV/AIDS patients in the study area. Thus, routine examination for intestinal parasites and interventions should be carried out for better management of clients.