[The role of radiation and non-radiation factors in the development and progression of acute leukemia in children].

At 278 ALL and AML patients the kind of hereditary pathology in the family; clinikal-laboratory features and a course of acute leukemia and terms of longevity of children were studied. Degree of integrated pollution of territory (air, water, soil) by heavy metals and radionuclides and also the irradiation doses have been considered. Results which have been received testify about the certain contribution of genetic components and adverse factors of environment in of development of acute leukemia and their course at children. The definition of different leukemogenic factors action on the condition of hemopoietic system gives the chance to generate the abnormally high risk groups of oncological hematological pathologies among the children's population and to improve the diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions.

[State of bone structures in children with acute leukemia, experiencing unfavorable factors from Chernobyl accident].

The authors present an assessment of bone structure condition in children with acute leukemia. The changes in the collagen molecule, amino acid composition of urine and proteins reparation processes were revealed. Calcium phosphate excretion in the patients urine were increased. The serum osteocalcin level and colony formation efficiency of bone marrow fibroblasts in acute leukemia patients are lower than in control group. In the initial period of the disease 32% of patients have disturbancies in their endocrine status. The bone structure violation is combined with unfavorable disease outcome. The effectiveness of the treatment and prevention steps in acute leukemia patients depends on the leukemic process stage.

[Periferal blood subpopulation and apoptosis indices in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia with Imatinib].

The results of immunophenotyping investigations of periferal blood granulocyte and lymphocyte population, number of p53+ and Bcl-2+ in 57 patients (among them 18 persons suffered after the Chernobyl NPP accident) with chronic phase of chronic myelogenic leukemia were presented in the article. The reduction of CD34+ granulocytes number, normalization of CD95 cells, negative correlation between the number of CD95 and p53, Bcl-2 granulocytes in Imatinib treated patients in comparison with a control group was determined. The results of the investigation confirmed the efficiency of using BCR/ABL tyrosin kinase inhibitor Imatinib in the treatment of chronic phase of CML.

[P-glycoprotein expression in radiation-associated acute myeloid leukemia].

The article presents findings of the analysis on P-glycoprotein expression of leukemic cells in 52 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Of these, there were 20 persons exposed to ionizing radiation due to the Chernobyl accident and 32 patients with spontaneous disease. Leukemic cells in patients with radiation-associated AML compared to spontaneous cases more often were P-glycoprotein positive (12/20 vs 9/32, P<0,05). P-glycoprotein overexpression significantly correlated with resistant disease in patients with radiation-associated AML, but was not a prognostic variable for treatment outcome in terms of overall survival.

[Determination of BCR/ABL translocation in radiation-associated acute myeloid leukemia patients by fluorescence in situ hybridization].

We report the results of BCR/ABL translocation analysis on interphase leukemic cells of 33 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Of these, there were 13 persons exposed to ionizing radiation due to the Chernobyl accident with radiation-associated AML and 20 patients with spontaneous disease. BCR/ABL translocation which was detected in 4 and I case respectively may play an important role in radiation-induced leukemigenesis.

[Publishing--weighty characteristic of scientific productivity (analysis of scientific publications of 15-years period since Chernobyl catastrophe)]. / Vydavnycha diial'nist'--vahomyi pokaznyk naukovoï produktyvnosti (naukoznavchyi analiz publikatsii 15-richnoho periodu pislia chornobyl's'koï katastrofy).

We have carried out a complex analysis of scientific reports of the RCRM for the last 15-years since Chernobyl holocaust. One may notice considerable growth of circulation and quality coefficient of publication of scientific research. The tendency shape of the publications over a period of 1986-2001 looks like a straight line and dynamics of references on RCRM publications--an exponential curve. Degree of scientific effort connected with priority directions of the RCRM considerably exceed similar indices in the world. Studies of immunological and hematological irradiation effects, radiation shielding of population, radiation impact on a fetus and offspring are being carried out most intensively nowadays. The article highlights the innovations in the work of the center as a leading part of the research of the RCRM closely tied with the Chernobyl tragedy and its medical consequences, urgent need to improve and develop methodical and directive documents to make better health care management of Ukrainian people suffered from Chernobyl disaster. The above-mentioned consequences and accumulated experience of their resolution having global character, are not only important for Ukraine, but also have an international value.

[The state of the dental hard tissues in persons under the influence of ionizing radiation (based on the data from infrared spectroscopy)]. / Stan tverdykh tkanyn zubiv u osib, iaki zaznaly vplyvu ionizuiuchoho vyprominiuvannia (za danymy infrachervonoï spektroskopiï).

A total of 27 teeth were examined in those subjects having been exposed to ionizing radiation in doses between 0.5 and 2.0 Gy, together with ten teeth of essentially healthy individuals. The enamel, dentine and cement mineral and protein contents were studied versus control with the aid of infrared spectroscopy techniques. It has been ascertained that in the teeth of patients presenting with dose loads there take place changes in the organic matrix. Amide I: amide II ratio tends to diminish toward contribution of Amide I. The mineral composition of the enamel reveals practically no changes under exposure to radiation. The dentine and cement display clear-cut changes in the mineral component. There appear absorption bands that belong to more soluble forms of calcium phosphate, which fact suggests an active destructive process in underlying hard tissues of the teeth, that gets intensified under exposure to ionizing radiation.

[The functional status of the thyroid system in those irradiated as a consequence of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station (based on screening study data)]. / Funktsional'nyi stan tyreoïdnoï systemy u oprominenykh vnaslidok avariï na ChAES (za danymy skryninhovoho doslidzhennia).

A screening study was made of functional indices for the status of the thyroid system in 1097 persons who took part in the elimination of the effects of the Chernobyl accident (PChAEE) during the "iodine" and "non-iodine" periods of irradiation. In 94.6% of the "iodine" period PChAEE, the basal levels of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were in the normal range, 4.79% displayed a rise in the parameter. 90.06% of the "non-iodine" period had normal range TSH, 8.77% exhibited augmented levels. 94.68% of the "iodine" period PChAEE showed normal range for the basal levels of free thyroxin, in 3.72% there was a rise, in 1.6% a decrease in the values. Among the examinees of the "non-iodine" period, the levels of free thyroxin were within normal range in 92%, above norm in 5%, decreased in 3%. The level of antibodies to thyroglobulin in 86.38% of the "iodine" period examinees was in the normal range, in 90.99% of the "non-iodine" period it was also normal. There were no statistically significant differences suggesting effects of radiation factors of the "iodine" period of irradiation on the functional indices for the hypophysis-thyroid system during the first 7 years following irradiation.

[Thyroid diseases and the dynamics of their development in those convalescing from acute radiation sickness]. / Zakhvoriuvannia shchytovydnoï zalozy ta dynamika ïkh rozvytku u rekonvalestsentiv hostroï promenevoï khvoroby.

Patternture was studied together with the time course of development of thyroid disorders in 81 patients who had survived acute radiation sickness (ARS) in 1986, 88 irradiated individuals with unconfirmed ARS diagnosis, and 365 control, by results of clinical and laboratory examination carried out in 1989-1993. Increase in the incidence of functional disorders, especially that of hypothyrosis in the irradiated subjects (4.97% to 6.82%) can be regarded as realization of thyroidal non-stochastic effects in the immediate postaccident period.

[The results of the medical examination of forestry industry workers in an area under intensified radioecological control]. / Rezul'taty medychnoho obstezhennia pratsivnykiv lisovoho hospodarstva zony posylenoho radioekolohichnoho kontroliu.

Overall ninety five workers engaged in forestry of Ukraine living in the controlled territories of this country were examined. Some patients had augmented bodily content of cesium-137, the cause of this thought to be related to their being resident in the localities with its high concentrations in the soil (above 15 Ki in sq. km.), failure to observe sanitary and hygienic measures, violation of a great many of matters related to everyday life and social conditions. No association was found between bodily levels of cesium-137 and pathology. I to II degree hyperplasia of the thyroid gland ran its course with no impairement of its functions. The most prevalent nosological form among diseases of the respiratory system in the examined contingent appeared to be chronic bronchitis. Quantitative and qualitative parameters of hemopoesis do not exceed the bounds of the populational ones and are consistent with change patterns in chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and bronchopulmonary system under ecologic health hazard conditions.