ABSTRACT
Introduction: few studies have specifically investigated the link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and gout in sub-Saharan Africa. This report aimed to evaluate in patients with gout the association between gout at diagnosis and MetS and to assess the gender difference. Methods: we performed a single-centre retrospective cohort study on all outpatients seen in the Rheumatology Unit of the General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon. We included records of patients with a recent diagnosis of gout according to the American College of Radiology (ACR) criteria. MetS was defined according to the harmonized criteria. Results: we included 511 patients (415 men), with a mean age at diagnosis of 55.9 ±10.8 years. Women were older than men. The mean serum uric acid was 8.24±2.23 mg/L, with hyperuricemia found in 394 patients (77.1%). MetS was present in 101 patients (19.7% [95% CI: 16.8%-22.1%]), significantly more common in men compared to women (23.6% vs. 10.8%; p<0.001). The main components of the MetS were: increased waist circumference (217 patients, 61.3%), obesity (256 patients, 52.2%), hypertension (208 patients, 40.7%), and diabetes mellitus (52 patients, 10.2%). Furthermore, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and increased waist circumference were more frequent in women (p<0.001). There was no difference in dyslipidemia according to gender. The combination of components of the MetS was more frequent in men than women (p<0.001). Conclusion: MetS are common in newly diagnosed Cameroonian patients with gout, with increased waist circumference, obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus being the main components. These components are more common in women, but their combination was more frequent in men.
Subject(s)
Gout , Hypertension , Metabolic Syndrome , Male , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Metabolic Syndrome/diagnosis , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Uric Acid , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors , Cameroon/epidemiology , Gout/diagnosis , Gout/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Obesity/complications , Hypertension/epidemiology , Hypertension/complications , Waist Circumference , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Still's disease, also known as systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia have similar clinical and biological features posing diagnostic and treatment challenges. Indeed, while Still's disease is a diagnosis of exclusion in rheumatology, polyarthritis associated with hyperleukocytosis and fever, which is characteristic of this disease, are often detected in early stages of acute lymphocytic leukaemias. We here report the case of a 4-year-old girl, treated for Still's disease, in whom the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia was made after 2 months, based on bone marrow biopsy.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Juvenile , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Still's Disease, Adult-Onset , Female , Humans , Child , Child, Preschool , Arthritis, Juvenile/diagnosis , Still's Disease, Adult-Onset/diagnosis , Fever , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/complications , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/diagnosis , SpleenABSTRACT
Contexte et objectif. En Afrique, la prévalence du lupus érythémateux systémique (LES) est certainement sousestimée et les études sont restreintes. L'objectif était de décrire le profil clinique et biologique des patients lupiques. Méthodes. Étude documentaire sur LES suivi à l'hôpital de district d'Efolian (au Cameroun), entre janvier 2017 et novembre 2019. Le diagnostic de LES était basé sur les critères SLICC, le score SLEDAI était utilisé pour évaluer l'activité de la maladie. Résultats. Dix-neuf patients ont été colligés dont 17 femmes. L'âge moyen des patients était de 35±15 ans. Le délai diagnostique moyen était de 6,5 ± 1,5 ans. On notait une prédominance des atteintes articulaires et cutanéo-muqueuses. Il y avait une protéinurie chez 16 patients. Le score d'activité de la maladie mesurée par le SLEDAI était très élevé chez 15 patients. Conclusion. Le LES est souvent diagnostiqué tardivement à l'hôpital d'Efoulan. L'atteinte rénale est fréquente et la réalisation des biopsies rénales n'est pas courante. Une étude de cohorte plus élaborée multicentrique est nécessaire pour mieux cerner les facteurs de risque et de pronostique
Context and objective. In Africa, the prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is certainly under-estimated and studies are limited. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and biological profile in lupus patients. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted on medical records of SLE patients attending Efoulan Hospital in Cameroon from January 2017 to November 2019. The diagnosis of SLE was based on the SLICC criteria and the SLEDAI score was used to assess disease activity. Results. Records from 19 patients were collected including 17 women. Their average age was 35 ± 15 years. The mean diagnostic delay was 6.5 ± 1.5 years. There was a predominance of joint damage and mucous membranes. Proteinuria was encountered in 16 patients. The SLEDAI was very high in 15 patients. Conclusion: SLE is often diagnosed late at Efoulan Hospital. Renal complications are frequent but kidney biopsies are not common. A larger cohort is needed
