Doses in sensitive organs during prostate treatment with a 60Co unit.

Using thermoluminiscent dosimeters the absorbed dose in the bladder, rectum and thyroid have been evaluated when 200 cGy was applied to the prostate. The treatment was applied with a (60)Co unit. A water phantom was built and thermoluminiscent dosimeters were located in the position where the prostate, bladder, rectum and thyroid are located. The therapeutic beam was applied in 4 irradiations at 0, 90, 180 and 270° with the prostate at the isocenter. The TLDs readouts were used to evaluate the absorbed dose in each organ. The absorbed doses were used to estimate the effective doses and the probability of developing secondary malignacies in thyroid, rectum and bladder.

Realignment of tibial deformity in Paget's disease. A case report.

Paget's disease of bone is a relatively common condition which usually is asymptomatic. Furthermore, there is limited experience in surgical procedures, especially in realignment of severe skeletal deformities. Likewise, there are often relapses in tibial deformities treated with plates. We report a case of a severe tibial deformity treated with multiple osteotomies and stabilized with an unreamed medullary nail.

[Renal study protocol with ultrasonography: biometry and incidence of disease]. / Protocolo de estudio renal mediante ecografía: biometría e incidencia de patología.

The present study establishes the size of the kidneys in adult males and females according to three age groups, under 30, 30 to 60, and over 60, in our community. To this end, morphologically normal kidneys were studied, considering four diameters: longitudinal (L), antero-posterior (AP), transverse (T) and cortical (D). We found that renal size, in all diameters, was larger in males and females, and the left one larger than the right one. The study include 522 kidneys, from a total of 247 subjects. Apart from renal biometry, the incidence of disease was also recorded. Ten different possibilities were included in the picture: 1) Normal (N); 2) Cysts (C); 3) Lithiasis (L); 4) Tumour (T); 5) Pyelonephritis (PN); 6) Acute Focal Nephritis (AFN); 7) Hydronephrosis (HN): 8) Double Excretory System (DES): 9) Abscesses (A); and 10) ther (O). The incidence of disease is maximal in subjects over 60, with predominance of women and left kidney; most frequent changes were cysts and pyelonephritis. Of the three age groups, those under 30 had a mean age of 22.36 years, 85% being between 18 and 30 years; in the intermediate group, 30 to 60 years, mean age was 48.40 with 65% between 45 and 60; in the over 60 group, mean age was 68.67 with 70% between 61 and 70 years of age.

Conservative laparoscopic treatment of a posttraumatic splenic cyst.

Laparoscopy has recently been demonstrated to be a useful alternative to open surgery for the surgical treatment of spleen disorders, and it can also facilitate a conservative approach for treatment of selected spleen lesions. We present the laparoscopic spleen-preserving treatment of a post-traumatic spleen cyst. A 28-year-old female presented a mass in the left hypochondrium immediately after an uneventful pregnancy. CT revealed a splenic cyst of 10 x 8 cm. Laparoscopic exploration showed a cyst located in the lower pole of the spleen. All the cyst wall not covered by spleen tissue (70%) was excised, and the fragment of cyst wall was recovered through a bag. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged 72 hours later. The laparoscopic approach should be considered for evaluation and treatment of selected benign cystic lesions of liver, retroperitoneum or spleen origin.