ABSTRACT
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating immunosuppressant drug that is used mainly in neoplastic and immunologic diseases. Lung toxicity due to treatment with cyclophosphamide, though rare, often has a poor prognosis. Diagnosis of the lung lesion is difficult because these patients have associated immunosuppression and a consequent risk of opportunistic lung infections. We report the case of a man with acute respiratory distress syndrome after treatment with cyclophosphamide for proliferative crescentic glomerulonephritis. The diagnosis of lung lesion due to cyclophosphamide was based on ruling out other possible causes. The principal diagnostic tool used was bronchoalveolar lavage. The patient progressed satisfactorily, responding adequately to corticosteroids and then maintenance therapy, without the need for mechanical ventilation.
Subject(s)
Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects , Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative/drug therapy , Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects , Respiratory Insufficiency/chemically induced , Acute Disease , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
La ciclofosfamida es un fármaco inmunosupresor alquilanteadministrado principalmente en enfermedades neoplásicase inmunológicas. La toxicidad pulmonar secundariaal tratamiento con ciclofosfamida, aunque rara,frecuentemente tiene un mal pronóstico. El enfoque diagnósticode la lesión pulmonar se ve entorpecido por serpacientes que asocian una inmunosupresión con el consiguienteriesgo de infecciones pulmonares oportunistas.Presentamos un paciente con un síndrome de distrésrespiratorio agudo tras tratamiento con ciclofosfamidapor una glomerulonefritis proliferativa con semilunas.El diagnóstico de lesión pulmonar secundaria a ciclofosfamidase basa en descartar otras posibles causas, ycomo principal herramienta el lavado bronquioalveolar.La evolución del paciente que se presenta fue favorablerespondiendo adecuadamente a la administración decorticoides y terapia de mantenimiento sin necesidad deventilación mecánica (AU)
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating immunosuppressantdrug that is used mainly in neoplastic and immunologicdiseases. Lung toxicity due to treatment with cyclophosphamide,though rare, often has a poor prognosis.Diagnosis of the lung lesion is difficult because thesepatients have associated immunosuppression and aconsequent risk of opportunistic lung infections.We report the case of a man with acute respiratorydistress syndrome after treatment with cyclophosphamidefor proliferative crescentic glomerulonephritis. Thediagnosis of lung lesion due to cyclophosphamide wasbased on ruling out other possible causes. The principaldiagnostic tool used was bronchoalveolar lavage. Thepatient progressed satisfactorily, responding adequately tocorticosteroids and then maintenance therapy, without theneed for mechanical ventilation (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Respiratory Insufficiency/chemically induced , Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects , Glomerulonephritis/drug therapy , /diagnosis , Cytostatic Agents/adverse effectsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Spinal Fusion , Pulmonary Embolism , Bone CementsABSTRACT
Twenty children who have worn a Cochlear Corporation cochlear implant for an average of 33.6 months participated in a device-on/off experiment. They spoke 14 monosyllabic words three times each after having not worn their cochlear implant speech processors for several hours. They then spoke the same speech sample again with their cochlear implants turned on. The utterances were phonetically transcribed by speech-language pathologists. On average, no difference between speaking conditions on indices of vowel height, vowel place, initial consonant place, initial consonant voicing, or final consonant voicing was found. Comparisons based on a narrow transcription of the speech samples revealed no difference between the two speaking conditions. Children who were more intelligible were no more likely to show a degradation in their speech production in the device-off condition than children who were less intelligible. In the device-on condition, children sometimes nasalized their vowels and inappropriately aspirated their consonants. Their tendency to nasalize vowels and aspirate initial consonants might reflect an attempt to increase proprioceptive feedback, which would provide them with a greater awareness of their speaking behavior.
Subject(s)
Cochlear Implants , Deafness/rehabilitation , Speech Production Measurement , Speech , Child , Feedback , HumansABSTRACT
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationships between young cochlear-implant users' abilities to produce the speech features of nasality, voicing, duration, frication, and place of articulation and their abilities to utilize the features in three different perceptual conditions: audition-only, vision-only, and audition-plus-vision. Subjects were 23 prelingually deafened children who had at least 2 years of experience with a Cochlear Corporation Nucleus cochlear implant, and an average of 34 months. They completed both the production and perception version of the Children's Audio--visual Feature Test, which is comprised of ten consonant--vowel syllables. An information transmission analysis performed on the confusion matrices revealed that children produced the place of articulation fairly accurately and voicing, duration, and frication less accurately. Acoustic analysis indicated that voiced sounds were not distinguished from unvoiced sounds on the basis of voice onset time or syllabic duration. Subjects who were more likely to produce the place feature correctly were likely to have worn their cochlear implants for a greater length of time. Pearson correlations revealed that subjects who were most likely to hear the place of articulation, nasality, and voicing features in an audition-only condition were also most likely to speak these features correctly. Comparisons of test results collected longitudinally also revealed improvements in production of the features, probably as a result of cochlear-implant experience and/or maturation.
Subject(s)
Cochlear Implants , Speech Perception , Speech Production Measurement , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Deafness/rehabilitation , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Phonetics , Speech Discrimination TestsABSTRACT
Caffeine, pentoxifylline, 2-deoxyadenosine, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), relaxin, adenosine, kallikrein, and calcium were compared for their ability to stimulate motility of cryopreserved sperm. Caffeine, pentoxifylline, and 2-deoxyadenosine significantly increased the percentage of motile sperm at 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after administration. Sperm velocity was significantly increased by caffeine at 0, 15, 30, and 45 minutes, and by pentoxifylline at 0, 45, and 60 minutes. Consistent stimulation was not observed for other chemicals. Caffeine, pentoxifylline, and 2-deoxyadenosine were then examined for their ability to provide motility stimulation after removal with washing. With the exception of caffeine, percent motility and velocity for stimulated and untreated sperm were similar after washing. A significant reduction in motility was observed at 48 hours after washing for caffeine. The percentage of hamster oocytes penetrated at 24 hours after washing was significantly reduced for caffeine, 2-deoxyadenosine, and pentoxifylline combined with 2-deoxyadenosine. Pentoxifylline-treated sperm showed no reduction in fertilizing capacity. These results indicate that, of the chemicals examined, pentoxifylline is superior for motility stimulation of cryopreserved sperm.
