ABSTRACT
The second Director of the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) reminisces about the productive program of valuable and practical research at the highest level developed with local personnel in a small and poor developing region. The same was true for the world-class advanced training program that contributed many hundreds of professionals, not only to the region, but to all of Latin America and to other countries. The major contributions of INCAP in its first 25 years are cited along with reasons for its success.
Subject(s)
Academies and Institutes/history , Biomedical Research/history , Nutritional Sciences/history , Central America , Developing Countries , History, 20th Century , Humans , International Cooperation , Kwashiorkor , Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Nutritional StatusABSTRACT
El grupo discutió una amplia agenda apoyada en conocimiento actuales sobre nutrición, se analizaron recomendaciones internacionales, metas nutricionales que es deseable alcanzar para América Latina y los criterios que deben tener en cuenta los Gobiernos en la elaboración de sus Guías Nacionales de Alimentación. Este informe, al que llamanos, "Informe de Caracas", recoge las conclusiones del grupo de participantes, quienes analizaron los principios científicos pertinentes y propusieron, una serie de medidas para estimular la elaboración y aplicación de Guías de Alimentación
Subject(s)
Humans , Diet/standards , Nutritional Sciences/education , VenezuelaSubject(s)
Pregnancy , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Humans , Male , Female , Food Planning , Nutrition Programs , Carbohydrates , Congress , Dietary Fiber , Diet/standards , Latin America , Lipids , Minerals , Proteins , VitaminsSubject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Developing Countries , Nutrition Disorders , West IndiesABSTRACT
Malnutrition is primarily due to poverty, a manifestation of social injustice with inadequate distribution of resources and services within and between countries. By limiting the capability of poor people to improve their economical and social status, malnutrition helps to perpetuate this situation. A change in development policies taking more into account the improvement of living conditions of the poor is needed to correct this social problem.(Au)
Subject(s)
Nutrition Disorders , Nutritional Status , Poverty , Developing CountriesABSTRACT
En el presente trabajo se examinan, con nuevos datos, las interrelaciones entre la desnutrición y la diarrea. Una vez analizadas las bases de la función protectora del calostro y la leche materna, se pasa revista a las repercusiones de la alimentación y el destete precoz. Por último, se explican los posibles mecanismos mediante los cuales la desnutrición condiciona o favorece el desarrollo de procesos diarreicos (AU)
Subject(s)
Diarrhea/prevention & control , Infant Nutrition , Breast Feeding , WeaningABSTRACT
Diarrheic processes pose a grave health threat in much of Latin America, especially for small children. One reason for this is the close connection between diarrhea and lack of proper nutrition. The present article seeks to explore this connection by examining two of its main components: the protection against diarrhea resulting from breast-feeding and the increased vulnerability to diarrhea created by malnutrition. Breast-feeding helps prevent enteric infections in several ways. For one thing, the mother's colostrum and milk contain antibodies against some enterobacterial antigens. For another, the so-called «bifid factor» in human milk helps discourage growth of pathogenic enterobacteria in the intestinal lumen. Furthermore, children living in unhealthy surroundings become heavily exposed to common bacteria when breast-feeding stops, a circumstance deemed largely responsible for «weaning diarrhea.» Proper nutrition in general is also important, since diarrhea tends to be more common and severe among malnourished children. Several processes that could contribute to this problem have been suggested. These include morphological alterations of the intestinal mucosa in malnourished children, poor intestinal absorption of fats and other nutrients, irritation caused by increased concentrations of free bile acids, and changes in the composition of the intestinal flora. Though not all these processes are well understood, it is clear that malnutrition favors development of diarrhea, while diarrhea in its turn precipitates and aggravates malnutrition. The sad plight of millions of children in the Americas is the result of this combined interaction. Many of those who experience it die, and the survivors fail to achieve their full potential growth and development. The control of diarrheic infections alone would greatly improve these children's nutritional status. Likewise breast-feeding in the early months of life, duly supplemented later and followed by a sound diet after weaning, would considerably reduce the danger and damage caused by diarrheic infections (Au)
Subject(s)
Child Nutrition , Diarrhea , GuatemalaSubject(s)
Nutrition Disorders , Epidemiological Monitoring , 24472 , Guatemala , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Conferencia Sanitaria Panamericana, 19. Organización Panamericana de la Salud; 30 set.-11 oct. 1974
OMS. Reunión del Comité Regional, 26. Organización Mundial de la Salud
Subject(s)
Enterobacteriaceae Infections , Pan American Health Organization , Pan American Sanitary Conference , Caribbean Region , Latin AmericaABSTRACT
Pan American Sanitary Conference, 18. Pan American Health Organization; Sep.30-Oct.10, 1970
WHO Meeting Regional Committee, 22. World Health Organization
