ABSTRACT
Phenotypic variability for resistance against non-parasitic leaf spots (NPLS) has been observed between varieties. For the genetic characterization of NPLS resistance, a population with 430 doubled haploid (DH) lines was developed from the cross between the NPLS-resistant Hordeum vulgare breeding line IPZ24727 and the NPLS-sensitive barley cultivar Barke. A molecular map was constructed based on 164 AFLPs, 30 SSRs and one STS marker derived from the mlo gene. Field trials were performed over four environments in which NPLS and other agronomic traits were assessed. Estimates of genotypic variance were highly significant for NPLS. Moreover, no transgression was found for the trait. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for NPLS resistance were mapped in the DH population on chromosomes 1H, 4H, and 7H, with the most important effect on chromosome 4H. The QTLs for NPLS explained together 39% of the phenotypic and 49% of the genotypic variance, thereby showing additive gene action. Consequently, marker-assisted selection for improving NPLS resistance is possible.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Mapping , Hordeum/genetics , Phenotype , Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics , Agriculture/methods , Crosses, Genetic , Immunity, Innate/genetics , Minisatellite Repeats/genetics , Plant Diseases/genetics , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthABSTRACT
Fifty-five Caucasoid patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) or giant cell arteritis (GCA) were immunoglobulin (Gm) allotyped for this study. Forty-four of these patients had been previously HLA-A,B,C and DR locus allotyped. The incidence of the immunoglobulin allotypic marker Glm(2) was significantly increased in the GCA group (50.00% v. controls 18.75%, P equal less than 0.01). There was a similar but insignificant rise of this Gm marker in the PMR group (27.24% v. 18.75%, NS). The increase in Glm(2) in the GCA group was not accompanied by a corresponding rise in the number of people homozygous for Glm(2), i.e., all the increase could be attributed to patients with the Glm(1,2,3,):G3m(5,10,21)phenotype.
Subject(s)
Giant Cell Arteritis/immunology , Immunoglobulin Allotypes/genetics , Immunoglobulin G/genetics , Polymyalgia Rheumatica/immunology , Giant Cell Arteritis/genetics , Humans , Phenotype , Polymyalgia Rheumatica/geneticsABSTRACT
Fifty-five Caucasoid patients with polymyalgia rheumatica or giant cell arteritis were typed for HLA, A, B, C and DR locus antigens. In the total patient group, DR4 had a significantly increased frequency. The prevalence of CW3 and CW6 was also significantly increased, the rise of CW3 possibly being attributable to its well-documented linkage disequilibrium with DR4. The rise in CW6 cannot be attributed to its known linkage disequilibrium with DR7.
Subject(s)
Genes, MHC Class II , Giant Cell Arteritis/genetics , HLA Antigens/genetics , Histocompatibility Antigens Class II , Polymyalgia Rheumatica/genetics , Genetic Linkage , HLA-A Antigens , HLA-B Antigens , HLA-C Antigens , HLA-DR4 Antigen , HLA-DR7 Antigen , Histocompatibility Testing , HumansABSTRACT
In a prospective study of 176 patients in whom polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) or giant cell arteritis (GCA) had been diagnosed between 1968 and 1980 the effect of corticosteroid treatment was studied. In those with PMR alone an initial regimen of 10 mg prednisolone daily and for the majority of those with GCA 20 mg daily were adequate to control symptoms. No patient suffered a serious disease complication after starting treatment. Regular follow-up enabled the minimum effective corticosteroid dose to be used. Complications of treatment were infrequent. Corticosteroid treatment has been withdrawn from 72 patients after a mean of 31 months treatment (range 3-103 months). Thirty subsequently relapsed, all within 21 months of withdrawal. No clinical feature predicted those who were more likely to relapse. No rigid treatment schedule should be used in these diseases.
Subject(s)
Polymyalgia Rheumatica/drug therapy , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Aged , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Giant Cell Arteritis/complications , Giant Cell Arteritis/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polymyalgia Rheumatica/complications , Prednisolone/adverse effects , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Leukemia, Hairy Cell/complications , Polyarteritis Nodosa/complications , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The concentration of lactic acid in synovial fluid was estimated in 43 specimens from patients with an acute monoarthritis by a simple enzyme method. In 9 patients with 10 episodes of septic arthritis concentrations of synovial fluid lactic acid were significantly higher (mean 10.8 mmol/l) than in 33 patients with nonseptic effusions (mean 3.1 mmol/l). With this method concentrations of synovial fluid lactic acid provide a rapid diagnostic guide in the separation of septic from nonseptic arthritis.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Infectious/diagnosis , Lactates/analysis , Synovial Fluid/analysis , Acute Disease , Adult , Aged , Arthritis/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lactic Acid , Male , Middle Aged , Spectrophotometry, UltravioletABSTRACT
Eleven patients with tuberculous peritonitis were treated in a London hospital between 1971 and 1978. All the patients were immigrants (mean age 30 years). The history of abdominal symptoms was often short and sometimes difficult to distinguish from that of Crohn's disease or neoplasm. The diagnosis was made by laparoscopy and target peritoneal biopsy in eight of these patients. Laparoscopy is a safe and effective method of obtaining an early diagnosis in patients with suspected tuberculous peritonitis.
