Measuring Thwarted Belongingness and Perceived Burdensomeness in Clinically Depressed and Suicidal Youth: Refinement and Reduction of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE: The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) posits two constructs (thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB)) contribute to suicide ideation. These constructs are typically measured by the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ); however, available INQ versions have demonstrated poor psychometric properties with youth. This study examined the INQ using Item Response Theory (IRT) to refine and reduce the scale for clinically depressed and suicidal youth. METHODS: Participants were 378 youth (Age M (SD) = 14.78 (1.41), 82.54% female) who completed the INQ. The INQ contains 25 items across two subscales (i.e., TB and PB) rated on a 7-point Likert-type scale. Rating scale performance, dimensionality, model fit, and instrument-level statistics were examined using IRT methodology. Post hoc analyses were performed to further reduce the scale. RESULTS: The INQ was reduced from 25 to 10 items (five per subscale), and response options were refined to four choices. Correlations between original and IRT-refined items were large (r = .97 for PB; r = .98 for TB). Additional item-level (e.g., fit, difficulty) and instrument-level (e.g., dimensionality) characteristics were examined. CONCLUSIONS: The newly refined INQ resulted in improved scale reliability and validity. The psychometrically improved INQ can assist clinicians and researchers identify adolescents at risk of experiencing suicide ideation.

Measuring emotion socialization in families affected by pediatric cancer: Refinement and reduction of the Parents' Beliefs about Children's Emotions questionnaire.

The aim of this study is to conduct a multimethod psychometric reduction in the Parents' Beliefs about Children's Emotions (PBCE) questionnaire using an item response theory framework with a pediatric oncology sample. Participants were 216 pediatric oncology caregivers who completed the PBCE. The PBCE contains 105 items (11 subscales) rated on a 6-point Likert-type scale. We evaluated the PBCE subscale performance by applying a partial credit model in WINSTEPS. Sixty-six statistically weak items were removed, creating a 44-item PBCE questionnaire with 10 subscales and 3 response options per item. The refined scale displayed good psychometric properties and correlated .910 with the original PBCE. Additional analyses examined dimensionality, item-level (e.g. difficulty), and person-level (e.g. ethnicity) characteristics. The refined PBCE questionnaire provides better test information, improves instrument reliability, and reduces burden on families, providers, and researchers. With this improved measure, providers can more easily identify families who may benefit from psychosocial interventions targeting emotion socialization. The results of the multistep approach presented should be considered preliminary, given the limited sample size.