ABSTRACT
The reactions of 237NpO2 with excess iodate under acidic hydrothermal conditions result in the isolation of the neptunium(IV), neptunium(V), and neptunium(VI) iodates, Np(IO3)4, Np(IO3)4.nH2O.nHIO3, NpO2(IO3), NpO2(IO3)2(H2O), and NpO2(IO3)2.H2O, depending on both the pH and the amount of water present in the reactions. Reactions with less water and lower pH favor reduced products. Although the initial redox processes involved in the reactions between 237NpO2 or 242PuO2 and iodate are similar, the low solubility of Pu(IO3)4 dominates product formation in plutonium iodate reactions to a much greater extent than does Np(IO3)4 in the neptunium iodate system. UO2 reacts with iodate under these conditions to yield uranium(VI) iodates solely. The isotypic structures of the actinide(IV) iodates, An(IO3)4 (An=Np, Pu), are reported and consist of one-dimensional chains of dodecahedral An(IV) cations bridged by iodate anions. The structure of Np(IO3)4.nH2O.nHIO3 is constructed from NpO9 tricapped-trigonal prisms that are bridged by iodate into a polar three-dimensional framework structure. Second-harmonic-generation measurements on a polycrystalline sample of the Th analogue of Np(IO3)4.nH2O.nHIO3 reveal a response of approximately 12x that of alpha-SiO2. Single-crystal magnetic susceptibility measurements of Np(IO3)4 show magnetically isolated Np(IV) ions.
ABSTRACT
Na2[UO2(IO3)4(H2O)] has been synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions. Its structure consists of Na+ cations and [UO2(IO3)4(H2O)](2-) anions. The [UO2(IO3)4(H2O)](2-) anions are formed from the coordination of a nearly linear uranyl, UO2(2+), cation by four monodentate IO(3-) anions and a coordinating water molecule to yield a pentagonal bipyramidal environment around the uranium center. The water molecules form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with the terminal oxo atoms of neighboring [UO2(IO3)4(H2O)](2-) anions to yield one-dimensional chains that extend down the b axis. There are two crystallographically unique iodate anions in the structure of Na2[UO2(IO3)4(H2O)]. One of these anions is aligned so that the lone-pair of electrons is also directed along the b axis. The overall structure is therefore polar, owing to the cooperative alignment of both the hydrogen bonds and the lone-pair of electrons on iodate. The polarity of the monoclinic space group C2 (a = 11.3810(12) A, b = 8.0547(8) A, c = 7.6515(8) A, beta = 90.102(2) degrees , Z = 2, T = 193 K) found for this compound is consistent with the structure. Second-harmonic generation of 532 nm light from a 1064 nm laser source yields a response of approximately 16x alpha-SiO2.
ABSTRACT
The structure and stoichiometry of the lanthanide(III) (Ln) complexes with the ligand 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (Htta) formed in a biphasic aqueous room-temperature ionic liquid system have been studied by complementary physicochemical methods. Equilibrium thermodynamics, optical absorption and luminescence spectroscopies, high-energy X-ray scattering, EXAFS, and molecular dynamics simulations all support the formation of anionic Nd(tta)4(-) or Eu(tta)4(-) complexes with no water coordinated to the metal center in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide (C4mim+Tf2N(-)), rather than the hydrated, neutral complexes, M(tta)(3)(H2O)n)(n = 2 or 3), that form in nonpolar molecular solvents, such as xylene or chloroform. The presence of anionic lanthanide complexes in C4mim+Tf2N(-) is made possible by the exchange of the ionic liquid anions into the aqueous phase for the lanthanide complex. The resulting complexes in the ionic liquid phase should be thought of as weak C4mim+Ln(tta)4(-) ion pairs which exert little influence on the structure of the ionic liquid phase.
