ABSTRACT
In an minority of Myasthenia Gravis (MG) patients, the autoantibodies bind to muscle-specific kinase (MUSK). These MuSK antibody-mediated MG (MuSK MG) patients are not only immunologically distinct, but also have different characteristic clinical features. Dysautonomia in MG is rarely reported. We present a MuSK MG patient who suffered from life-threatening autonomic dysfunction. MuSK MG should be considered in the differential diagnosis in cases of unclarified dysautonomia, given the potential for treatment in those cases.
Subject(s)
Myasthenia Gravis , Primary Dysautonomias , Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/immunology , Receptors, Cholinergic/immunology , Autoantibodies/blood , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myasthenia Gravis/complications , Myasthenia Gravis/diagnosis , Myasthenia Gravis/immunology , Primary Dysautonomias/diagnosis , Primary Dysautonomias/etiology , Primary Dysautonomias/immunologyABSTRACT
The most frequent complication of lumbar puncture is post lumbar puncture headache (PLPH). Recent studies confirmed that the use of atraumatic spinal needles significantly reduces the risk of PLPH. However, the majority of neurologists still use traumatic needles, possibly caused by misconceptions and beliefs about practical performance of atraumatic spinal needles. Therefore, we investigated the practical characteristics of atraumatic and traumatic spinal needles. An experimental setup with a fluid column was used with (1) a physiological NaCl 0.9 % solution and (2) a high protein content solution. Flow rates and duration of pressure measurements were measured using a traumatic needle and an atraumatic needle. The average flow rate differed less than 10 % between the two needle types with NaCl solution, and for the high protein solution the difference was even smaller. Time taken to perform accurate pressure measurements did not differ between the two needle types using NaCl 0.9 %, and was even slightly shorter for the atraumatic needle when using the high protein solution. Average flow rates and duration of pressure measurements are comparable between atraumatic spinal needles and traumatic needles. Therefore, these performance characteristics are no reason to favor traumatic needles over atraumatic needles.
