A Qualitative Analysis of the Effects of COVID-19 on Home Visiting Service Provision.

Home visiting programs have been found to improve parenting practices and to reduce negative child outcomes. The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) resulted in an abrupt transition to telehealth services for many home visiting services. Limited research has examined the impacts of delivering home visiting services via telehealth, and the effects of this abrupt transition during COVID-19 is understudied as well. This study examined the impact of the abrupt transition to telehealth as a result of COVID-19 on home visiting service provision in one mid-sized midwestern community from the perspective of clients and providers. We conducted semi-structured interviews with both home visiting clients and providers (N = 26) in prevention-focused home visiting services. Although some benefits to telehealth were reported, providers discussed challenges with regard to engaging clients in services and difficulties in completing important home visiting tasks (i.e., assessment of child development, teaching parent-child interaction). Providers and clients also noted that they missed face-to-face interactions. Effective use of telehealth in home visiting requires provision of devices that allow for video-chatting as well as development of effective methods to engage in observation and teaching tasks.

Conducting a child injury prevention RCT in the wake of COVID-19: lessons learned for virtual human subjects research.

Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death among children in the United States, and children living in low-income households are particularly at risk for sustaining unintentional injuries. Close parental supervision has been found to reduce young children's risk for injury; however, few studies have examined interventions to increase parental supervision. This paper discusses COVID-19 related modifications that were made to a federally funded randomized controlled trial to reduce low-income children's risk for unintentional injury. The study's procedures (data collection and intervention delivery) had to be transitioned from in-person to a fully virtual format. Modifications that were made to the study included use of: participant cell phones to conduct data collection and intervention sessions; virtual meeting software to conduct sessions with participants and; an online platform to collect questionnaire data. In addition, many modifications were required to complete the in-home observation virtually. In terms of feasibility, the investigators were able to collect all of the data that was originally proposed; however, recruitment and retention was more challenging than anticipated. Lessons learned during the modification process are included to provide guidance to researchers seeking to conduct virtual human subjects research in the future.

Pilot test of a measure to assess clients' perceptions of their home visitors.

Home visiting services for caregivers of infants and young children have been found to be an effective method for promoting child development. Unfortunately, such services suffer from high rates of attrition, suggesting the need to identify factors related to client retention in services. Research has indicated that the client-provider relationship is an important predictor of client retention in home visiting services; however, measures to assess this relationship are limited. This study reports on a pilot test of the Client Perceptions of Home Visitors Questionnaire, developed to assess home visiting clients' perceptions of their relationship with their home visitor. The measure was completed by 39 diverse home visiting clients during pregnancy in a midwestern town in the United States. The scale was found to have good internal consistency. Validity analyses found that the scale was positively associated with client satisfaction with services and perceived provider cultural sensitivity. The scale was also positively associated with retention in services at an 8-month follow-up. Additional research should examine the measure's psychometrics with larger samples.

Se ha determinado que los servicios de visita a casa para quienes prestan el cuidado a infantes y niños pequeños es un eficaz método para promover el desarrollo del niño. Desafortunadamente, tales servicios sufren de altas tasas de deserción, lo cual sugiere que hay una necesidad de identificar los factores relacionados con la retención del cliente en los servicios mencionados. La investigación ha señalado que la relación entre cliente y proveedor es un importante factor de predicción de la retención del cliente en los servicios de visita a casa; sin embargo, las medidas para evaluar esta relación son limitadas. Este estudio reporta acerca de un examen experimental del Cuestionario sobre las Percepciones del Cliente acerca de los Visitadores a Casa, desarrollado para evaluar las precepciones que tienen los clientes de visitas a casa acerca de su relación con el visitador a casa. Treinta y nueve clientes diversos de las visitas a casa completaron la medida durante el embarazo en un pueblo del medio oeste de los Estados Unidos. Se determinó que la escala tenía una buena consistencia interna. Los análisis de validez determinaron que la escala se asociaba positivamente con la satisfacción del cliente en cuanto a los servicios y la percibida sensibilidad cultural del proveedor. También se asoció la escala positivamente con la retención en los servicios al momento del seguimiento a los 8 meses. La investigación adicional debe examinar los aspectos sicométricos de la medida utilizando grupos muestras más grandes.

On considère que les services de visite à domicile pour les personnes prenant soin de bébés et de jeunes enfants sont une méthode efficace pour promouvoir le développement de l'enfant. Malheureusement de tes services souffrent de taux élevés d'attrition, suggérant donc le besoin d'identifier des facteurs liés à la rétention du client dans ces services. Les recherches ont indiqué que la relation client-prestataire est un facteur de prédiction important pour la rétention du client dans les services de visite à domicile. Cependant les mesures pour évaluer cette relation sont limitées. Cette étude porte sur un test pilote du Questionnaire des Perceptions du Client de la Visite à Domicile, développé afin d'évaluer les perceptions des clients de visite à domicile de leur relation au visiteur à domicile. La mesure a été remplie par 39 clients de visite a domicile, de milieux divers, durant la grossesse dans une ville du centre nord des Etats-Unis d'Amérique. On a trouvé que l'échelle avait une bonne consistance interne. Des analyses de validité ont trouvé que l'échelle était liée de manière positive à la satisfaction du client avec les services et à la sensibilité culturelle perçue du prestataire. L'échelle était aussi liée de manière positive à la rétention dans les services à un suivi à 8 mois. Des recherches supplémentaires devraient examiner la psychométrie de la mesure avec des échantillons plus grands.

Role of Psychologists in Pediatric Subspecialties: Integrated Psychological Services Overarching Concepts Across Pediatric Subspecialties.

This article addresses, in more general terms, the overarching concepts of the role of integrated psychologists and how their services are incorporated in the medical home with the use of provider consultation, administering assessments in identifying common mental health concerns, providing interventions for treatment adherence and providing short-term therapy within pediatric subspecialties.