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1.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 51(1): 57-60, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20166395

ABSTRACT

The features of a calf with a split cord malformation are described. Clinically, there was severe cervicothoracic kyphoscoliosis and an interscapular dermal sinus associated with cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Using magnetic resonance imaging, complete duplication of the spinal cord at the cervical intumescence was detected. There was associated syringohydromyelia, multiple cervicothoracic vertebral malformations resulting in kyphoscoliosis and rachischisis, herniation of the cerebellar vermis, meningoencephalocele, and calvarial defects.


Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple/veterinary , Cattle/abnormalities , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/veterinary , Neural Tube Defects/veterinary , Spinal Cord/diagnostic imaging , Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnostic imaging , Animals , Animals, Newborn/abnormalities , Euthanasia, Animal , Female , Neural Tube Defects/diagnostic imaging , Neural Tube Defects/pathology , Radiography , Spina Bifida Occulta/diagnostic imaging , Spina Bifida Occulta/pathology , Spina Bifida Occulta/veterinary , Spinal Cord/abnormalities , Spinal Cord/pathology , Spinal Dysraphism/diagnostic imaging , Spinal Dysraphism/pathology , Spinal Dysraphism/veterinary
2.
Can Vet J ; 50(3): 287-90, 2009 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19436481

ABSTRACT

This paper reports the clinical findings, diagnostic imaging, surgical management, and necropsy of an unusual case of jejuno-jejunal intussusception in a calf that was diagnosed with the use of ultrasonography, and treated surgically by resection and end-to-end anastomosis. The calf fatally relapsed 8 d after laparotomy. Necropsy and histology revealed enteritis and myenteric ganglionitis.


Subject(s)
Anastomosis, Surgical/veterinary , Cattle Diseases/diagnosis , Cattle Diseases/surgery , Intussusception/veterinary , Jejunal Diseases/veterinary , Animals , Cattle , Fatal Outcome , Female , Intussusception/diagnosis , Intussusception/surgery , Jejunal Diseases/diagnosis , Jejunal Diseases/surgery , Laparotomy/veterinary , Recurrence
3.
Vet Surg ; 37(8): 801-8, 2008 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19121177

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To report clinical signs, diagnostic and surgical or necropsy findings, and outcome in 2 calves with spinal epidural abscess (SEA). STUDY DESIGN: Clinical report. ANIMALS: Calves (n=2). METHODS: Calves had neurologic examination, analysis and antimicrobial culture of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), vertebral column radiographs, myelography, and in 1 calf, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A definitive diagnosis of SEA was confirmed by necropsy in 1 calf and during surgery and histologic examination of vertebral canal tissue in 1 calf. RESULTS: Clinical signs were difficulty in rising, ataxia, fever, apparent spinal pain, hypoesthesia, and paresis/plegia which appeared 15 days before admission. Calf 1 had pelvic limb weakness and difficulty standing and calf 2 had severe ataxia involving both thoracic and pelvic limbs. Extradural spinal cord compression was identified by myelography. SEA suspected in calf 1 with discospondylitis was confirmed at necropsy whereas calf 2 had MRI identification of the lesion and was successfully decompressed by laminectomy and SEA excision. Both calves had peripheral neutrophilia and calf 2 had neutrophilic pleocytosis in CSF. Bacteria were not isolated from CSF, from the surgical site or during necropsy. Calf 2 improved neurologically and had a good long-term outcome. CONCLUSION: Good outcome in a calf with SEA was obtained after adequate surgical decompression and antibiotic administration. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: SEA should be included in the list of possible causes of fever, apparent spinal pain, and signs of myelopathy in calves.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cattle Diseases/drug therapy , Cattle Diseases/surgery , Decompression, Surgical/veterinary , Epidural Abscess/veterinary , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/pathology , Decompression, Surgical/methods , Diagnosis, Differential , Epidural Abscess/drug therapy , Epidural Abscess/pathology , Epidural Abscess/surgery , Fatal Outcome , Male , Neurologic Examination/veterinary , Treatment Outcome
4.
Am J Vet Res ; 65(10): 1319-24, 2004 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15524316

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between insulin concentrations and myoelectrical activity of the abomasum in cows with a left displaced abomasum (LDA). ANIMALS: 14 dairy cows with an LDA at the onset of lactation. PROCEDURE: During surgical correction of an LDA, 3 pairs of electrodes were placed in the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract (abomasal body, pars pylorica, and duodenum) of each cow. Electromyographic recordings were obtained once per day for 7 days. Samples were collected and tested to determine concentrations of insulin, glucagon, cortisol, glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and nonesterified fatty acids. RESULTS: All 14 cattle had high glucose and insulin concentrations at the time of admission, independent of ketosis. Concentrations of glucose and insulin decreased slowly after surgical treatment and were associated with a progressive increase in abomasoduodenal myoelectric activity. The 14 cows were allocated into 2 groups (suspected insulin-resistant cattle, n = 7; suspected non-insulin-resistant cattle, 7) on the basis of persistent hyperinsulinemia during the postoperative period. Seven days after surgery, the abomasoduodenal myoelectric patterns were still significantly lower for the insulin-resistant cows, compared with patterns for the non-insulin-resistant cows. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Insulin resistance appears to be common in cows with an LDA. Analysis of results of this study reveals that abomasal atony in cows with an LDA depends on persistence of high serum concentrations of insulin. Results of this study could provide an explanation for a pathogenetic factor of LDAs and the frequent relapses of cattle affected by this condition.


Subject(s)
Abomasum/physiopathology , Cattle Diseases/diagnosis , Cattle Diseases/physiopathology , Gastrointestinal Motility/physiology , Insulin Resistance , Stomach Diseases/veterinary , 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/blood , Abomasum/surgery , Animals , Blood Glucose , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/surgery , Electromyography/veterinary , Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood , Female , Glucagon/blood , Hydrocortisone/blood , Insulin/blood , Stomach Diseases/diagnosis , Stomach Diseases/physiopathology , Stomach Diseases/surgery
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