ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine the validity of sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) and ADHD-inattention (ADHD-IN) symptoms in children from Chile. METHOD: Mothers and teachers rated SCT, ADHD-IN, ADHD-hyperactivity/impulsivity (ADHD-HI), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), anxiety, depression, academic impairment, social impairment, and peer rejection (teachers only) in 652 Chilean children (55% boys) aged 6 to 14 years. RESULTS: For both mother and teacher ratings, the eight SCT symptoms and nine ADHD-IN symptoms showed substantial loadings on their respective factors (convergent validity) along with loadings close to zero on the alternative factor (discriminant validity). ADHD-IN showed a uniquely stronger relationship than SCT with ADHD-HI and ODD whereas SCT showed a uniquely stronger relationship than ADHD-IN with anxiety and depression. Although ADHD-IN uniquely predicted academic impairment and social difficulties, SCT did not. CONCLUSION: This study provides the first evidence for the validity of SCT among children outside of North America or Western Europe.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/psychology , Cognition Disorders/psychology , Academic Failure , Academic Performance/ethnology , Adolescent , Anxiety Disorders/ethnology , Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/ethnology , Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/ethnology , Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/psychology , Child , Chile/ethnology , Cognition Disorders/ethnology , Depressive Disorder/ethnology , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Female , Humans , Impulsive Behavior , Interpersonal Relations , Male , Mothers , Peer Group , School TeachersABSTRACT
Background: Epidemiologic studies may be used as a starting point to improve interventions and improve diagnosis, with instruments that are both reliable and adequate. Aim: To analyze the psychometric properties of the Attention Defcit Disorder Evaluation Scale (ADDES) in Chilean primary and high school students. Material and Methods: The ADDES was applied by 142 teachers to 254 students. Attention Defcit Disorder was already diagnosed in 144 students. Explanatory and confirmatory factorial analyses were carried out. Results: Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (CFA) proved that the model suggested by the authors could not be replicated in the Chilean sample. Exploratory Factorial Analysis (EFA) showed that three new factors came out of the analysis. CFA was applied to the new model and modification indexes suggested the introduction of new saturations. Based on the model with the best goodness-of-fit, psychometric characteristics were evaluated. Conclusions: The ADDES adapted to the Chilean context has a high reliability and a strong discrimination ability, allowing the evaluation of behavior disorders, hyperactivity/impulsivity and attention deficit.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Students/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies may be used as a starting point to improve interventions and improve diagnosis, with instruments that are both reliable and adequate. AIM: To analyze the psychometric properties of the Attention Deficit Disorder Evaluation Scale (ADDES) in Chilean primary and high school students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The ADDES was applied by 142 teachers to 254 students. Attention Defcit Disorder was already diagnosed in 144 students. Explanatory and confirmatory factorial analyses were carried out. RESULTS: Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (CFA) proved that the model suggested by the authors could not be replicated in the Chilean sample. Exploratory Factorial Analysis (EFA) showed that three new factors came out of the analysis. CFA was applied to the new model and modification indexes suggested the introduction of new saturations. Based on the model with the best goodness-of-fit, psychometric characteristics were evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: The ADDES adapted to the Chilean context has a high reliability and a strong discrimination ability, allowing the evaluation of behavior disorders, hyperactivity/impulsivity and attention deficit.
